scholarly journals Zróżnicowanie sytuacji finansowej spółdzielni mleczarskich w Polsce

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 5-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Felczak
Keyword(s):  
Operational Efficiency ◽  
Special Care ◽  
Economic Situation ◽  
Financing Structure ◽  
Financial Situation ◽  
Dairy Cooperatives ◽  
Research Period

The study presents diversification of the financial situation of the dairy cooperatives in Poland. In order to determine the financial situation of those entities, the rates of liquidity, adjusted profitability as well as indebtedness and operational efficiency were used. The research period covered the years from 2010 to 2014. Regardless of the economic situation on the market, the managers took special care in order to avoid risk that could affect the entity’s ability to continue to operate. The diversification of the financial situation of the dairy cooperatives was relatively significant. Both effectiveness and financing structure were dependent on a scale and conditions of business.

A DYNAMIC AND STATIC VIEW OF THE FINANCIAL SECURITY OF DAIRY COOPERATIVES

2021 ◽  
Vol XXIII (2) ◽  
pp. 109-119
Author(s):  
Mirosław Wasilewski ◽  
Marzena Ganc
Keyword(s):  
Cash Flow ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Financial Security ◽  
Specific Nature ◽  
Equity Value ◽  
Static View ◽  
Liquidity Measures ◽  
Dairy Cooperatives ◽  
Research Period

The aim of the research was to identify and assess the dynamic and static dimension of the financial security of dairy cooperatives in the area of liquidity. Cooperatives with a higher equity value than average and with a cash flow statement were purposively selected. The final research sample included 20 dairy cooperatives. The research period covered the period from 2017 to 2019. Statistically speaking, dairy cooperatives are generally financially secure as a result of the specific nature of their business, which is geared towards benefiting their members – milk suppliers – through timely payments for raw material delivered. Most of the entities studied were characterised by over-liquidity in static terms, which should be assessed favourably from the perspective of the cooperative form of management. In dynamic terms, however, not all entities were characterised by favourable values of cash productivity ratios. Static liquidity measures do not provide a complete and transparent picture of the financial security of dairy cooperatives and should be considered both static and dynamic. Only an interpretation of the two dimensions of liquidity indicators will allow an effective interpretation of this issue in relation to dairy cooperatives. Moreover, when assessing liquidity, account should be taken of the specificities of cooperative management activities, where static measures in this area are above literature standards, while dynamic liquidity measures do not always reach satisfactory volumes.

La dependencia económica local. Un estudio de los Entes Municipales de la Comunidad Autónoma del País Vasco

2014 ◽  
pp. 253-289
Author(s):  
Sergio PÉREZ CASTAÑOS
Keyword(s):  
Basque Country ◽  
Economic Situation ◽  
Institutional Framework ◽  
Autonomous Community ◽  
Economic Data ◽  
Financial Situation ◽  
Intergovernmental Relationships ◽  
Pais Vasco

LABURPENA: Artikulu hau Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoko gobernuen arteko harremanei buruzkoa da, baita gatazkek eta erregulazioen arteko aldeek Euskadiko udalen egoera ekonomiko-finantzarioan izan duten eraginari buruzkoa ere. Hasieran, Autonomia Erkidegoaren egitura instituzionala eta gobernuen arteko harremanak azalduko dira; ondoren, udal-erakundeen eskumenen eta finantzaren arloetako legeak esplikatuko dira. Azkenik, 2009-2012 aldiko zenbait datu ekonomiko erabiliz, udalen egoera ekonomikoa zein den eta azken urteetako bilakaera azalduko dira. Amaitzeko, hainbat ondorio eta etorkizunerako jarraibideak ere emango dira. RESUMEN: Este artículo versa sobre las relaciones intergubernamentales existentes en la Comunidad Autónoma del País Vasco y como los diferentes conflictos y regulaciones existentes han influido en la situación económico-financiera de los ayuntamientos vascos. En un primer momento se explicará la estructura institucional y de relaciones intergubernamentales existente en el seno de la Comunidad Autónoma para después, explicitar el entramado legal existente tanto en el ámbito competencial como financiero para los entes locales. Finalmente, se aportarán una serie de datos económicos del período 2009-2012 para explicitar cuál es la situación económica municipal y cuál ha sido su evolución a lo largo de los últimos años. Para concluir, se aportarán algunas conclusiones y pautas futuras. ABSTRACT: This article deals with the intergovernmental relationships within the Autonomous Community of the Basque Country and how the different conflicts and existing regulations have influenced the economic and financial situation of the Basque municipalities. Firstly, we will explain the institutional framework and the intergovernmental relationship within the Autonomous Community and thereafter explicit the existing legal scheme both in the field of competences and in the economic field for the local entities. Finally, some economic data of the 2009-2012 period will be supplied in order to make it clear which is the municipal economic situation and the last years‘ evolution. To conclude, some conclusions and future guidelines are given.

scholarly journals The Impact of Purchasing Group on the Profitability of Companies Operating in the Renewable Energy Sector—The Case of Poland

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 6588
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Zimon ◽  
Dominik Zimon
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Financial Situation ◽  
Financial Liquidity ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
Purchasing Group ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Research Period ◽  
Positive Effect

Purchasing groups are multi-entity organisations that operate in practically every sector. Their greatest role is to improve the financial situation of small and medium enterprises (SMEs). In the case of enterprises operating in the sectors that are just developing, especially those belonging to SMEs, it is particularly difficult to obtain favourable financial results. In Poland, such sectors include, among others, renewable energy, which is slowly developing, but has not yet reached the size set in climate policy. The purpose of the paper is to present how functioning under group purchasing organisations (GPOs) affects the profitability of companies related to the renewable energy sector. For the example of the largest industry purchasing groups, the analysis showed that high profitability results were achieved by enterprises operating in them compared to entities operating independently in the market. In total, 71 enterprises operating in the sector related to the renewable energy sector in Poland were analysed. The enterprises were divided into units operating in the purchasing groups of 46 enterprises, and those that operate independently in the market of 25 enterprises. The research period covered the years 2016–2019. The analysis showed that the scale effect allowed companies to increase profits and had a positive effect on their financial liquidity. The research proved that in the case of commercial enterprises operating in the sector related to renewable energy, functioning within the industry purchasing group allowed high profitability and financial liquidity. There is a dependency that the liquidity increases with a growth in profitability.

scholarly journals Assessing the Impact of the COVID-19 Crisis on the Socio-Economic Situation in Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-53
Author(s):  
Ebrima K. Ceesay
Keyword(s):  
Job Search ◽  
Policy Implication ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Economic Situation ◽  
Survey Questionnaire ◽  
Financial Situation ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

This article assesses the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the social and economic situation in Africa. The data used in this paper was generated from online survey questionnaire, in which the participants were asked questions about how COVID-19 has affected their socio-economic lives. The questionnaire was designed to help Africa to understand COVID-19 impacts. The results reveal that COVID-19 affected Africa in the following ways: 1) 51.6% responded that coronavirus affected their job search; 2) over the past three months, 47.1% of the respondents said their private financial situation remained unchanged; 3) 61% did not trust the existence of COVID-19; 5) according to this online survey administered using Google form, 51.8% of the respondents said the services sectors are the most impacted sectors, followed by industrial sector, 31.3%, and agriculture is least affected sector at 8.4%. Policy implication is that it has serious impacts on socio-economics interactions.

FINANCIAL SITUATION OF THE SELECTED DAIRY COMPANIES WITH DIFFERENT STRATEGIES OF GRANTING TRADE CREDIT

2018 ◽  
Vol XX (6) ◽  
pp. 49-54
Author(s):  
Teresa Domańska-Felczak ◽  
Tomasz Felczak ◽  
Serhiy Zabolotnyy
Keyword(s):  
Trade Credit ◽  
Financial Efficiency ◽  
Financial Situation ◽  
Dairy Cooperatives

The goal of the research was to determine financial situation of selected dairy cooperatives according to their strategies of trade credit. Ratios of liquidity, modified profitability and debt were used in the analysis. The research covered 18 dairy cooperatives operating in Poland. The financial situation of dairy cooperatives differed according to a trade credit strategy. Dairy cooperatives with conservative strategies of trade credit were characterized by the lower profitability and liquidity as well as higher debt ratios than companies using aggressive strategies. This gave an evidence of higher financial efficiency of entities with aggressive strategies of trade credit. Application of aggressive strategy of trade credit could stimulate the demand for goods and result in rising revenues and profitability.

scholarly journals Unemployment in Ukraine: an Analysis of the Dynamics, Gender, Age Structure and Causes of Unemployment

2020 ◽  
pp. 12-27
Author(s):  
S. CHERVONA
Keyword(s):  
Structural Change ◽  
Young People ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Age Structure ◽  
Economic Situation ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
International Labor Organization ◽  
Clear Trend ◽  
The Unemployed ◽  
Research Period

The article examines the dynamics of the number of registered unemployed and unemployed in the definition of the International Labor Organization (ILO), as well as the levels of these indicators. It is determined that compared to 2010, the largest increase in the number of registered unemployed could be observed in 2011. The most significant decrease in the studied indicator during the entire research period, both compared to 2010 and the previous year, was in 2017. In 2018–2019, the number of registered unemployed continued to decline. The increase in the registered unemployment rate compared to 2010 was in 2011, 2013–2016, and a significant increase in the level of the studied indicator was recorded in 2015. The decrease in the studied indicator was recorded in 2012 compared to 2011, as well as in the last four years of the research period. The unemployment rates by the ILO methodology are most informative figures on the unemployment in Ukraine. The number of unemployed in 2010–2019 did not have a clear trend and depended on the socio-economic situation in Ukraine: compared to previous periods, the indicator decreased in 2011–2013, and in 2014 increased rapidly, due to the difficult socio-political situation in the country, which had adverse effects for the economic situation; in 2015, the average number of unemployed decreased both compared to the previous year and to 2010. However, in 2016–2017, the studied indicator began to grow gradually, but did not reach the level of 2010, and decreased in 2018 and 2019 both compared to the previous period and to 2010. Analysis of the intensity of the dynamics of the unemployment rate of the population aged 15–70 years by the ILO methodology showed that throughout the ten-year research period this indicator in Ukraine decreased in 2011–2013 and increased in 2014–2018 compared to 2010, and in 2019 it decreased to the level of 2010. The sex-age structure of the unemployed is analyzed, its features are revealed and the generalized age characteristics of the unemployed are determined. In contrast to the registered unemployment, which indicates the predominance of women among the unemployed, a sample survey allows to suggest that Ukraine is characterized by “male” unemployment. Among the unemployed, the largest share was accounted by young people aged 15–34. The highest unemployment rate among young people aged 15 to 24 was due to the fact that without proper education and professional experience, young people were not able to compete on equal terms on the labor market. The average age of the unemployed in Ukraine in 2019 compared to 2010 increased by four years, including almost four years for men and five years for women. Because this indicator cannot be used as a generalization due to the heterogeneity of the population, as evidenced by the indicators of variation, mode and median, which are the structural averages, are the most suitable for the generalization of the characteristics of the unemployed by age. The structure of the unemployed by cause of unemployment was studied, with assessing the structural change. It is established that during the studied period in Ukraine this structure was changed significantly, as evidenced by the root mean square coefficient of structural change.

scholarly journals FARMERS’ HOUSEHOLDS ECONOMIC SITUATION IN POLAND IN 2010–2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 73-81
Author(s):  
Janina Sawicka ◽  
Agnieszka Biernat-Jarka ◽  
Paulina Trębska
Keyword(s):  
Living Conditions ◽  
Economic Situation ◽  
Disposable Income ◽  
Farm Households ◽  
Total Expenditure ◽  
Financial Situation ◽  
Aggregated Data ◽  
Household Finances ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
Central Statistical Office

The aim of the research is to assess the financial situation of farm households in Poland in 2010–2017.The analysis of household finances, i.e. the value and structure of income as well as the method of their distribution, was performed. Despite a significant improvement in the living conditions of this group of people, the financial situation of farmers’ families was worse than of those who have other sources of income. Disposable income in households of farmers per person per month in 2017 amounted to PLN 1575.57 and was as much as PLN 420 higher than in the previous year. The ratio of the share of expenditure on food in total expenditure in 2017 was 31%. Aggregated data from studies of household budgets published annually by the Central Statistical Office constituted the basis of the information used as the sources and own surveys carried out in 2017 in 302 farmers households located in the Masovian Voivodeship.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF THE FINANCIAL SITUATION OF COMPANIES LISTED ON THE WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (49) ◽  
Author(s):  
Beata Szczecińska
Keyword(s):  
Cost Of Capital ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Financial Ratios ◽  
Financial Indicators ◽  
Return On Assets ◽  
Financing Structure ◽  
General Picture ◽  
Financial Situation ◽  
Warsaw Stock Exchange

The aim of the article is to assess the financial situation of companies in the clothing and footwear sector listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange in 2017. Firstly, financial ratios were calculated for each entity, the ranking was created and the companies were grouped in terms of their financial situation. In this way, a general picture of the competitive position of companies was obtained. The first group includes three companies with the best financial standing. They obtained the highest efficiency in the use of assets, as evidenced by the highest average values for the following stimulants: total assets turnover, current assets turnover and return on assets. Due to the fact that knowledge of financial ratios in the changing environment may be insufficient to assess the financial standing of enterprises, the weighted average cost of capital (WACC) with their components was calculated for them, which allowed judging the assessment of the structure of financing the operations of individual companies and the comparison with the financial situation determined on the basis of indicators. The best financing structure for their activities is held by companies that have been classified in high positions in a ranking based on financial indicators. However, there was one exception, which confirms the need to use different methods to assess the financial situation.

Analyzing income statement of 3 star hotels in Thessaloniki

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-93
Author(s):  
Vassilis Chouliaras
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Regression Method ◽  
Economic Situation ◽  
Financial Situation ◽  
Balance Sheets ◽  
Income Statement ◽  
The City

The sector of hotel business in Greece is facing major problems. Based on several scientific studies, there is deteriorating financial situation and reduced efficiency. Moreover, many hotels have shown repeated losses. This study has attempted to investigate the effectiveness of the three star hotels of the city of Thessaloniki compared with the whole country. Also, with the regression method (regression analysis) sought the sources of profit or loss. Based on the accounts of all the hotels of this category in Thessaloniki, it was found that the economic situation and their effectiveness is not significantly different to that of the national total, although in general the situation is better. In addition, the structure of balance sheets and income statements show many differences between the different companies so it is not possible to draw firm conclusions about the sources of efficiency.

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