scholarly journals FARMERS’ HOUSEHOLDS ECONOMIC SITUATION IN POLAND IN 2010–2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 73-81
Author(s):  
Janina Sawicka ◽  
Agnieszka Biernat-Jarka ◽  
Paulina Trębska
Keyword(s):  
Living Conditions ◽  
Economic Situation ◽  
Disposable Income ◽  
Farm Households ◽  
Total Expenditure ◽  
Financial Situation ◽  
Aggregated Data ◽  
Household Finances ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
Central Statistical Office

The aim of the research is to assess the financial situation of farm households in Poland in 2010–2017.The analysis of household finances, i.e. the value and structure of income as well as the method of their distribution, was performed. Despite a significant improvement in the living conditions of this group of people, the financial situation of farmers’ families was worse than of those who have other sources of income. Disposable income in households of farmers per person per month in 2017 amounted to PLN 1575.57 and was as much as PLN 420 higher than in the previous year. The ratio of the share of expenditure on food in total expenditure in 2017 was 31%. Aggregated data from studies of household budgets published annually by the Central Statistical Office constituted the basis of the information used as the sources and own surveys carried out in 2017 in 302 farmers households located in the Masovian Voivodeship.

scholarly journals Changes in Demand and Expenses for Food in Households in Poland

2018 ◽  
Vol 18(33) (2) ◽  
pp. 166-174
Author(s):  
Anna Kowalska
Keyword(s):  
Significant Variation ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Disposable Income ◽  
Total Expenditure ◽  
Research Material ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
Central Statistical Office

The aim of the work is to assess the demand for food among households in Poland and the changes that occurred in this demand in the years 2000-2016. In addition, changes in the consumption of selected food products over a period of 10 years depending on the socio-economic group of the household have been evaluated. The research material consists of secondary data obtained from the publication of the Central Statistical Office in the years 2000-2016. The study uses descriptive statistics methods. The income situation of households in Poland during the period under review significantly improved. In the analysed years, monthly expenses on food products per one person grew slower than total expenditure and disposable income. The analysis of the research material showed a decrease in consumption of the majority of discussed food products. The increase in demand occurred in the case of yoghurts as well as cheese and curd. The analysis divided into socio-economic groups of the households showed significant variation in the consumption of sugar, fish and seafood as well as oils and fats.

scholarly journals INEQUALITIES IN THE DISTRIBUTION OF INCOME IN THE HOUSEHOLDS OF FARMERS IN POLAND

2019 ◽  
Vol XXI (4) ◽  
pp. 394-402
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Raczkowska ◽  
Kinga Gruziel
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Gini Coefficient ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Disposable Income ◽  
Farm Households ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
The Gini Coefficient ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
Central Statistical Office ◽  
Per Capita

The purpose of the study was to identify and assess the level of income inequality in farm households. The research methods applied were literature studies and analysis of statistical data provided by the Central Statistical Office for the period 2012-2017. The subject of the study was the disposable income of a farm household per capita. A research hypothesis was adopted whereby, over the years 2010-2017, a systematic increase in income inequality in farm households took place. It was found that during the analysed years, there was an increase in disposable income per capita in farm households. When assessing the level of income inequality in this group of households, a decrease in income stratification measured by the level of the Gini coefficient, by the Schutz-Pietra measure, was noticed, although these changes were very small. Comparing the level of the Gini coefficient among all groups of households distinguished with regard to the main source of income, it was the group of farms that was characterised by the highest level of income inequality. In addition, income inequalities among farmers were characterised by the highest variation compared to other professional groups. This situation may be caused by the nature of farm income, which is conditioned, among others, by the size and productivity of the farm, its degree of specialisation, as well as weather conditions.

scholarly journals The Spatial Fay-Herriot Model in Poverty Estimation

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Łukasz Wawrowski
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
General Level ◽  
Use Of Data ◽  
Distribution Parameters ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
Central Statistical Office

Abstract Counteracting poverty is one of the objectives of the European Commission clearly emphasized in the Europe 2020 strategy. Conducting appropriate social policy requires knowledge of the extent of this phenomenon. Such information is provided through surveys on living conditions conducted by, among others, the Central Statistical Office (CSO). Nevertheless, the sample size in these surveys allows for a precise estimation of poverty rate only at a very general level - the whole country and regions. Small sample size at the lower level of spatial aggregation results in a large variance of obtained estimates and hence lower reliability. To obtain information in sparsely represented territorial sections, methods of small area estimation are used. Through using the information from other sources, such as censuses and administrative registers, it is possible to estimate distribution parameters with smaller variance than in the case of direct estimation. This paper attempts to estimate the poverty rate at LAU 1 level of Poland. This estimation will be possible through the use of data from different sources describing the living conditions of households and the use of the Fay-Herriot model with spatial correlation. As a result, estimates for previously unpublished levels of aggregation will be obtained.

scholarly journals Disposable income and consumption expenses in pensioners’ households in Poland in the years 2010-2019 – the analysis of changes in view of demographic transformations

2021 ◽  
pp. 45-56
Author(s):  
Anna Gardocka-Jałowiec ◽  
◽  
Agata Niemczyk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Disposable Income ◽  
Polish Society ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
Central Statistical Office ◽  
Pension Benefits ◽  
Theoretical Considerations

Purpose – The aim of the article is to study the changes of disposable income and consumption expenses in pensioners’ households in the years 2010-2019 and the attempt to draw conclusions corresponding to the deepening process of society ageing.Research method – Categories of disposable income and consumption expenses as well as selected issues from the field of demographic transformations were presented in the theoretical considerations, using the descriptive analysis method. The basis of empirical considerations were secondary data from the Central Statistical Office. Conclusions – The average amount of pension benefits in the common occupational system is generally lower than the average work income and it can be claimed that it gets lower systematically. Disposable incomes in pensioners’ households in 2019 were about 50% higher than in 2010. This tendency was reflected in the increase (of about 3% a year on average) of real expenses on con-sumption produce and services per capita in households. The increase was comparable to the general increase of consumption expenses of households in Poland. In the years 2010-2019 expenses related to food, house maintenance and energy carriers were increasing more slowly than the rise of income.Originality / value / implications / recommendations – Conducted considerations constitute a point of view in the evaluation of the changes in the income situation of pensioners’ households in view of the deepening process of ageing of the Polish society. In times of extensive demographic changes related to the ongoing process of society ageing, the elderly constitute a numerous and important consumer group on the market.

EXPENDITURE ON RESTAURANTS AND HOTELS IN FARM HOUSEHOLDS IN POLAND IN 2005-2015

2017 ◽  
Vol XIX (4) ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
Romana Głowicka-Wołoszyn ◽  
Joanna Stanisławska ◽  
Karolina Ratajczak
Keyword(s):  
Farm Households ◽  
Economic Determinants ◽  
Household Budget Survey ◽  
Source Data ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
Central Statistical Office ◽  
Household Budget

The study aimed to assess changes in the incidence and the level of hotel and restaurant expenditure in farmer household budgets between 2005, 2010, and 2015 against the backdrop of other socio-economic groups. Moreover, an attempt was made to identify preference-shaping demographic, social and economic determinants of the demand for these services. The analysis drew on source data from individual microdata of Household Budget Survey conducted by the Central Statistical Office in 2005, 2010, and 2015.

SPATIAL DIVERSIFICATION OF THE LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT AND THE FINANCIAL SITUATION OF RURAL COMMUNES IN THE ŚWIĘTOKRZYSKIE VOIVODSHIP

2019 ◽  
Vol XXI (1) ◽  
pp. 74-82
Author(s):  
Piotr Prus ◽  
Paweł Dziekański
Keyword(s):  
Data Bank ◽  
Data Exploration ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
Local Data ◽  
Financial Situation ◽  
Use Of Data ◽  
Development Factor ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
Central Statistical Office ◽  
Spatial Diversification

The aim of the article is to evaluate the spatial disproportions in the development of rural municipalities in relation to their financial situation with the use of a non-standard synthetic measure. The analysis in the area of finance and development of communes concerned the years 2011, 2014 and 2017. The study covered 70 rural communes in the Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship. Data exploration was possible due to the use of data from the Local Data Bank of the Central Statistical Office and the Regional Audit Chamber. The method used in the work is a synthetic measure of development and the financial situation. Local self-government can fulfil its tasks when it is equipped with stable and efficient sources of income and an appropriate level of endogenous resources. The economic potential, infrastructure, financial resources are an important development factor. The group of communes with the best situation in terms of development was created, among others, by Sitkówka-Nowiny, Morawica and Strawczyn Communes, which are located in the Kielce district and are characterized by a good financial situation and economic potential. The research showed disproportions between rural communes characterized by an industrial function and units with a traditional agricultural function.

scholarly journals The Importance of The Basics of Entrepreneurship as a School Subject in the Economic Preparation of the Young for their Professional Life

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Świętek
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Core Curriculum ◽  
Management Team ◽  
Economic Situation ◽  
Professional Life ◽  
School Subject ◽  
High Unemployment Rate ◽  
Market Requirements ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
Central Statistical Office

The article aims to determine to what extent the implementation of the content of The Basics of Entrepreneurship can support young adults (those between 15 and 30 years old, according to the Central Statistical Office). It also investigates current reports on the economic situation of young adults in Poland and analyses the content of The Basics of Entrepreneurship’s core curriculum. Diagnosis of their economic situation, based on these reports, has shown that Polish young adults are professionally active, though there is a high unemployment rate among them. Young adults plan to continue their education not necessarily in line with labour market requirements preferring to work in someone else’s company, preferably as a member of a management team or a specialist, although they do not show too much commitment to their duties. The Basics of Entrepreneurship’s core curriculum contains educational content that responds to these needs, although it is not always sufficiently detailed.

Diagnosis of the socio-economic situation of Poland against EU countries

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 63-82
Author(s):  
Iwona Bąk ◽  
Katarzyna Wawrzyniak
Keyword(s):  
Economic Situation ◽  
Linear Ordering ◽  
Economic Variables ◽  
Homogeneous Groups ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
Central Statistical Office ◽  
Median Vector

The aim of the study is the evaluation of the socio-economic situation of Poland in comparison to EU countries and the identification of the homogeneous groups of countries according to their level of development. The authors applied two approaches. The first approach classifies the countries according to social and economic variables separately. The linear ordering of countries was conducted by means of method using Weber’s median vector. The homogeneous groups of countries were identified with application of the three medians method and the method of the analysis of taxonomic measure differences of development proposed by the authors. The second approach divides countries into the homogeneous groups according to social and economic variables at the same time. Therefore the multi-criteria taxonomy was applied. The data came from Central Statistical Office of Poland and Eurostat.

scholarly journals THE FINANCIAL SITUATION OF RURAL COMMUNES AND THE LEVEL OF THEIR INCOME IN THE ŚWIĘTOKRZYSKIE VOIVODSHIP

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Paweł Dziekański ◽  
Adrian Lipa
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Economic Development ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Financial Situation ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
Average Share ◽  
Central Statistical Office ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

The commune’s process of development (its development) takes place in a space that is completely filled by the natural and economic environment with their individual characteristics. Income and expenditure instruments, which are the basis for the operation of local government units and a condition for carrying out the tasks imposed on them, determine the scope and effectiveness of the impact of local government on local and regional development. The aim of the article is to analyse the spatial disproportions of the financial situation in relation to their income using a synthetic measure. The analysis was made in the system of 69 rural communes of the Świętokrzyskie province. As source material, data from the Regional Accounting Chamber and Local Database of the Central Statistical Office for 2007, 2014, and 2017 were used. Local government can carry out its tasks when it is equipped with stable and efficient sources of own income. Therefore, finance is the basis for the implementation of public tasks and determines the conditions for local economic development. The indicated areas are characterized primarily by traditional agricultural functions. In 2007, the financial standing measure (TOPSIS) ranged from 0.31 to 0.47, in 2017 from 0.30 to 0.51. In 2007, the financial standing (OE) measure ranged from 0.64 to 0.80, in 2017 from 0.56 to 0.80. Areas with a high level of financial standing were located mainly in the central area of the region (Sitkówka-Nowiny, Masłów, Strawczyn, Zagnańsk, Solec-Zdrój). The factors determining group membership were favourable location rent, a very good financial situation, and good infrastructure. Group entities are characterized by the highest average share of own revenues, as well as local taxes and fees in total revenues. At the other extreme of the distribution were areas with a low level of financial standing, which can be described as peripheral (Klimontów, Pawłów, Radoszyce, Bieliny, Dwikozy, Iwaniska, Bliżyn). This peripherality has a geographical dimension, expressed by its location relative to the centre of the region, as well as an economic and well-developed agricultural function.

The Economic Situation: Chapter I. The Home Economy

1972 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 7-25
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Economic Situation ◽  
Adjustment Process ◽  
Seasonal Adjustment ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
Central Statistical Office

Reconstruction of the course of demand and output during the first half of this year is still extremely difficult as a result of distortions caused by the miners' strike in the first quarter and, to a lesser extent, by the aftermath of the United States dock strike last year. In addition, doubts are now openly expressed by Central Statistical Office about the validity of the seasonal adjustment process applied to the expenditure estimate of GDP (and perhaps the income estimate too) in the first quarter. This is estimated have fallen, in real terms, by 3¾ per cent, compared with falls of about 2½ and 1 per cent in the income and output measures respectively.

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