scholarly journals Management of penile trauma caused by a dog bite

2014 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-104
Author(s):  
Miodrag Acimovic ◽  
Uros Babic ◽  
Aleksandar Argirovic ◽  
Ljubomir Acimovic ◽  
Veljko Santric ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Initial Treatment ◽  
Tunica Albuginea ◽  
External Genitalia ◽  
Dog Bite ◽  
Penile Skin ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Dog Bites ◽  
Sporadic Cases ◽  
Bite Wounds

Background: Dog bites to the external genitalia are extremely rare. The literature shows only sporadic cases of penile injuries due to dog bites, presenting mostly as children and adolescents. Case presentation: We report the case of a 45-year old patient with avulsion and traumatic degloving of the penile skin, with exposure of the tunica albuginea, which surrounds the cavernous bodies. Conclusion: Dog bite wounds pose a serious medical threat. An effective initial treatment of the wound, as well as adequate supportive treatments are essential for the efficient healing of the resulting infection.

scholarly journals Epidemiology and preclinical management of dog bites among humans in Wakiso and Kampala districts, Uganda: Implications for prevention of dog bites and rabies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stevens Kisaka ◽  
Fredrick E. Makumbi ◽  
Samuel Majalija ◽  
Alexander Bangirana ◽  
SM Thumbi
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Clinical Guidelines ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Dog Bite ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Post Exposure ◽  
Dog Bites ◽  
Bite Wounds ◽  
Rabies Prevention

AbstractIn rabies endemic areas, appropriate management of dog bites is critical in human rabies prevention. Victims must wash bite wounds for 15 minutes with soap, water and disinfectant immediately before seeking medical care. This study investigated the epidemiology of dog bites and determinants of compliance to these pre-clinical guidelines requirements among dog bite victims from high rabies-burden areas of Wakiso and Kampala, Uganda. An explanatory sequential mixed-methods study design was used. Quantitative data were collected from 376 dog- bite patients at two healthcare facilities. Qualitative data as also collected through 13 in-depth interviews with patients, healthcare workers, herbalists and veterinarians. Qualitative data were analyzed using a deductive thematic approach. Generalized lineal models were used to determine factors associated with compliance. Nearly half (190, 51%) of the patients were from Wakiso District and 293 (77.9%) had grade II wounds. Most of the wounds (171, 45.5%) were on the legs. Two-thirds of the bites occurred in public places. Only 70 (19%) of the bite patients had complied with pre-clinical guidelines. Nearly half of the patients had applied un-recommended substances such as herbs (47/193), antiseptics (46/193), “black stone” (25/193) and unknown creams (10/193) on the wounds. Factors negatively associated with compliance included: being aged 15 years or older, adjPR = 0.70 (0.47 - 0.92) and knowing the dog owner, adjPR=0.65 (0.36 - 0.93). However, attainment of secondary or higher education, adjPR= 1.76 (1.24 – 3.79), being in employment, adjPR = 1.48 (1.09 – 2.31), perception that the dog was sick, adjPR = 1.47 (1.02 – 2.72) and knowledge about the dog’s subsequent victim(s) adjPR=0.35 (0.17 - 0.70) were positively associated with compliance. High occurrence of dog bites in public places by free-roaming dogs suggests the need for promotion of responsible dog ownership. Additionally, targeted health education may be required to improve the low compliance to pre-clinical guidelines.Author summaryDog-mediate rabies is on the rise, especially in sub Saharan Africa. Though the disease is fatal upon exposure, it can be effectively prevented through appropriate post-exposure management. It is recommended that dog bite victims wash bite wounds for 15 minutes with soap, water and disinfectant immediately before seeking medical care. However, such pre-clinical recommendations are not usually followed in many societies, including in Uganda. There are numerous reports of victims not seeking or delaying to seek healthcare. Additionally, victims have been reported not to wash their wounds and applying traditional herbal concoctions before presenting at health facilities. Such divergence from the recommended standards has negative implications on the effectiveness of post-exposure prophylaxis that is given when victims report to health facilities. Our study investigated the epidemiology of dog bites and preclinical practices for the victims in the context of dog bite prevention and rabies prevention respectively. We call for targeted health education programs to improve pre-clinical behavior, regulation of herbalist activities and interventions that minimize human-dog interactions.

Epidemiological Features of Dog Bites among Children Attending Emergency Room in Al-showmely General Hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (SPL1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasan Alwan Baiee ◽  
Weli Hatif
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Room ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Dog Bite ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Post Exposure ◽  
Dog Bites ◽  
Bite Injuries

Dog bites are common and can affect victims of different ages.Dog bite injuries in children are a preventable health problem.Dog bites are a serious health problem that cause both physical and emotional damage to victims and considerable cost to communities. Studies on dog bites among Iraqi children were very scarce.This study focuses on theincidence,mechanisms,and epidemiologicalcircumstances ofdog biteinjuriesin a series of pediatric patients who sustained dog bites in emergency Room. MethodologyA cross sectional study was designed to studyall cases of dog bites attending the emergency room in AL-Showmely General Hospital located in the southern district – Babylon province-Iraq, during the period ; from the January, first,2017 through theend of March, 2018.Special constructed were prepared to collect data through interview of victims or their companions who attended the emergency section during this period,ethical clearances were obtained.*A total of 320 children presented to the hospital with dog bite injuries.The incidence rate of dog bites was 275 per 100000 population, the male to female ratio was 3:1.the most common dog bite injuries took place in September44 (13.75%). Injury rates were highest in those aged 0-4,declining thereafter with age. In the 6-10, year age group141 (44.1%), most of cases living in rural district (villages). The most affected location were lower limbs, only 3.4% of the injured children had completed the post exposure anti rabies vaccine. Dog bites are common health problem among children,Children who are younger than 10 years represent the high-risk group for dog attacks. very few of them had complete the prophylactic post exposure vaccine Therefore, prevention strategies should focus on public education,training health care providers and controlling stray dogs.

Comparison of primary and delayed wound closure of dog-bite wounds

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (03) ◽  
pp. 204-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Xiaowei ◽  
X. Yunbei ◽  
L. Zhenhua ◽  
Y. Yeqing ◽  
Y. Jiaqi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infection Rate ◽  
Primary Closure ◽  
Wound Closure ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Dog Bite ◽  
Cosmetic Appearance ◽  
Primary Wound Closure ◽  
Bite Wounds ◽  
Delayed Closure ◽  
Closure Group

Summary Background: Primary bite wound suturing in the emergency department remains controversial in some cases. Objective: We conducted a study to investigate the infection rate and cosmetic appearance between primary wound closure and delayed wound closure in dog bite wounds in humans. Methods: All patients with bite wounds were treated with oral antibiotic medications. We adopted a randomized cohort study, dividing the patients who needed wound closure into two groups: 60 patients for primary closure, and 60 patients for delayed closure, and compared the infection rate and wound cosmetic appearance scores. Results: In the primary closure group, four people (6.7%) developed a wound infection without systemic infection. In the delayed closure group, three people (5%) developed a wound infection (p = 0.093), but there were not any patients that developed a systemic infection. Thirty-three patients (55%) in the primary closure group had optimal cosmetic scores, whereas 20 patients (33.3%) in the delayed closure group had optimal cosmetic scores (p = 0.012). Conclusion: Although primary wound closure for dog bites may be associated with a higher infection rate, the cosmetic appearance after primary closure was still acceptable.

scholarly journals Child safety programs for primary school children decrease the injury severity of dog bites

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernhard Kienesberger ◽  
Christoph Arneitz ◽  
Vanessa Wolfschluckner ◽  
Christina Flucher ◽  
Peter Spitzer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
School Children ◽  
Prevention Program ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Child Safety ◽  
Dog Bite ◽  
Severe Injuries ◽  
Dog Bites ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThis study focuses on the impact of a prevention program regarding dog bites in children. As a consequence of our previous investigation in 2005, we have initiated a child safety program for primary school children starting January 2008 until present to teach children how to avoid dog attacks and how to behave in case of an attack. In our retrospective study, we analyzed all patients younger than 15 years presenting with dog-related injuries between 2014 and 2018. As the main indicator for success of the prevention measures taken, we have defined the severity of injury in comparison to our previous study. Out of 296 children with dog-related injuries, 212 (71.6%) had sustained a dog bite. In the vast majority (n = 195; 92%), these patients presented with minor injuries; the extremities were most commonly affected (n = 100; 47%). Injuries to the head (n = 95; 45%) and trunk (n = 18; 8%) were less frequent. The proportion of severe injuries (8%) was significantly lower compared to our previous study, where 26% of children presented with severe injuries necessitating surgical intervention, while the number of patients requiring in-hospital treatment declined from 27.5% in the period 1994–2003 to 9.0% in the period between 2014 and 2018 (p < 0.05).Conclusion: Teaching of primary school children may effectively reduce the injury severity of dog bites. What is Known:• Dog bites are a substantial healthcare problem especially in children. What is New:• This study shows that a broad-based prevention program for primary school children can effectively decrease the severity but not the frequency of dog bite injuries in children.

Pattern and Outcome of Dog Bite Injuries among Children-a Study in 200 Cases

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Md Waliur Rahman ◽  
◽  
Md Habibullah Sarkar ◽  
Samir Kumar Talukder ◽  
Md Joynal Abedin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Hospital Treatment ◽  
Post Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Dog Bite ◽  
Post Exposure ◽  
Dog Bites ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Bite Injuries

Introduction: Dog bites in humans are a major public health problem. Globally, millions of people are bitten by dogs but most of the fatal cases occur in children. Dog bites in human are a serious public health problem and have been well documented worldwide. As rabies is not a notifiable disease in Bangladesh and most deaths occur in rural areas where surveillance is poor. Objectives: To determine the pattern of dog bite injuries and associated health problems among children. Methods: The study was an observational retrospective study carried out at the Dept. of General Surgery, Chuadanga Sadar Hospital, Chuadanga, Bangladesh. The study reviewed the clinical data of patients managed for dog bite related injuries and rabies over a four and half year period between January 2016 and June 2020. A proforma was designed to extract relevant clinical data from the case records. Information extracted included the age, sex of the victims, site of the bite, time of presentation in the hospital, pre-hospital treatment, hospital treatment including post-exposure prophylaxis and complication. Results: In all, 200 cases of dog bite injuries were managed constituting 0.89% of the total consultations; 5 (2.5%) had rabies. Most of the victims were aged 6-12 years (55.0%) and majority (67.0%) was boys. Eighty two percent of the victims presented within 24hrs of the injury. 92 (46.0%) had WHO grade 3 dog bite injury at presentation and the lower limb was the commonest (56.0%) bite site. Use of herbal preparation was the most common pre-hospital treatment 60%. Although 95.0% received anti-rabies vaccine, only 55.5% of them completed the vaccination schedule. The case fatality rate for dog bite was 5.0%. The 5 that died all presented late, had no post exposure prophylaxis and died within 24 hours of admission. Conclusion: There is need for public enlightenment on dangers associated with dog bites and also for the government to ensure vaccination for cost of post exposure prophylaxis treatment for children free of cost

Fatal Dog Attacks, 1989-1994

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 97 (6) ◽  
pp. 891-895
Author(s):  
Jeffrey J. Sacks ◽  
Randall Lockwood ◽  
Janet Hornreicht ◽  
Richard W. Sattin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
The United States ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Dog Bite ◽  
Control Laws ◽  
Dog Bites ◽  
Pediatric Health Care ◽  
Order Of Magnitude

Objectives. To update data on fatal dog bites and see if past trends have continued. Design. To merge data from vital records, the Humane Society of the United States, and searches of electronic news files. Setting. United States. Subjects. U.S. residents dying in the U.S. from 1989 through 1994 from dog bites. Results. We identified 109 dog bite-related fatalities, of which 57% were less than 10 years of age. The death rate for neonates was two orders of magnitude higher than for adults and the rate for children one order of magnitude higher. Of classifiable deaths, 22% involved an unrestrained dog off the owner's property, 18% involved a restrained dog on the owner's property, and 59% involved an unrestrained dog on the owner's property. Eleven attacks involved a sleeping infant; 19 dogs involved in fatal attacks had a prior history of aggression; and 19 of 20 classifiable deaths involved an unneutered dog. Pit bulls, the most commonly reported breed, were involved in 24 deaths; the next most commonly reported breeds were rottweilers (16) and German shepherds (10). Conclusions. The dog bite problem should be reconceptualized as a largely preventable epidemic. Breedspecific approaches to the control of dog bites do not address the issue that many breeds are involved in the problem and that most of the factors contributing to dog bites are related to the level of responsibility exercised by dog owners. To prevent dog bite-related deaths and injuries, we recommend public education about responsible dog ownership and dog bite prevention, stronger animal control laws, better resources for enforcement of these laws, and better reporting of bites. Anticipatory guidance by pediatric health care providers should address dog bite prevention.

scholarly journals Case report: two novel VPS13B mutations in a Chinese family with Cohen syndrome and hyperlinear palms

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sha Zhao ◽  
Zhenqing Luo ◽  
Zhenghui Xiao ◽  
Liping Li ◽  
Rui Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Delay ◽  
Chinese Population ◽  
Autosomal Recessive ◽  
Autosomal Recessive Disorder ◽  
Chinese Family ◽  
Compound Heterozygous ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Cohen Syndrome ◽  
The Family ◽  
Sporadic Cases

Abstract Background Cohen syndrome (CS) is an uncommon developmental disease with evident clinical heterogeneity. VPS13B is the only gene responsible for CS. Only few sporadic cases of CS have been reported in China. Case presentation A Chinese family with two offspring–patients affected by developmental delay and intellectual disability was investigated in this study. Exome sequencing was performed, and compound heterozygous mutations in VPS13B were segregated for family members with autosomal recessive disorder. Splicing mutation c.3666 + 1G > T (exon 24) and nonsense mutation c. 9844 A > T:p.K3282X (exon 54) were novel. We revisited the family and learned that both patients are affected by microcephaly, developmental delay, neutropenia, and myopia and have a friendly disposition, all of which are consistent with CS phenotypes. We also found that both patients have hyperlinear palms, which their parents do not have. VPS13B mutations reported among the Chinese population were reviewed accordingly. Conclusions This study presents two novel VPS13B mutations in CS. The identification of hyperlinear palms in a family affected by CS expands the phenotype spectrum of CS.

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