scholarly journals Effect of genetic and environmental factors on the phenotype characteristics of lambs

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.P. Petrovic ◽  
Caro Petrovic ◽  
D. Ruzic-Muslic ◽  
N. Maksimovic ◽  
M.M. Petrovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Average Birth Weight ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Package Program ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors

The aim of this study was to determine the influence of environmental factors affecting body weight variability of lambs in two crossbreed groups: Pirot x W?rttemberg and Sjenica x W?rttemberg. Both populations were managed under the same farm conditions. The data were analyzed to determine the effect of age of the dam, weight of dam, birth type, sex, year and season, on the birth weight and weaning weight of crossbreed lambs. Statistical analysis was performed by GLM procedure using the SPSS statistical package program. The average birth weight of Pirot x W?rttemberg lambs was 3.56 kg while Sjenica x W?rttemberg lambs was slightly higher at 3.69 kg. The difference on birth weight between the two crosses was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The average weaning weight of Pirot x W?rttemberg lambs was 23.54 kg while Sjenica x W?rttemberg lambs had higher weight at 24.37 kg. The difference of 0.83 kg on weaning weight was statistically significant (P <0.05). Body weight, depending on the environmental factors, ranged from 3.17 to 3.96 kg at birth and from 22.12 to 24.18 kg at weaning in Pirot x W?rttemberg lambs. Body weight of Sjenica x W?rttemberg lambs ranged from 3.39 to 3.99 kg at birth and from 22.69 to 25.44 kg at weaning. Statistical analysis showed that the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05) and highly significant (P<0.01).

scholarly journals Some Environmental Factors Affecting Birth Weight, Weaning Weight and Daily Live Weight Gain of Holstein Calves

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
pp. 617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erdal Yaylak ◽  
Hikmet Orhan ◽  
Alim Daşkaya
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Weaning Age ◽  
Humidity Index ◽  
Holstein Calves

The present study was conducted to determine some environmental factors affecting birth weight, weaning weight and daily live weight gain of Holstein calves of a livestock facility in Izmir, Turkey. The data on 2091 calves born between the years 2005-2010 were used to assess the relevant parameters. Effects of calving year, calving month, calf gender and the interaction between calving year and calving month on calves’ birth weights were highly significant. The overall mean of birth weights was 39.6±0.15 kg. In addition, effects of calving year, calving month, gender, birth weight, weaning age, calving year x calving month, calving year x gender and calving year x calving month x gender interactions on weaning weight (WW) and daily live weight gain (DLWG) were highly significant. The overall means of WW and DLWG were respectively found to be 79.7±0.20 kg and 525±2.5 g. A one kilogram increase in birth weight resulted in an increase of 0.89 kg in weaning weight and a decrease of 1.26 g in daily live weight gain. Prenatal temperature-humidity index (THI) affected birth weight of calves (R2=0.67). Increasing THI from 50 to 80 resulted in 3.8 kg decrease in birth weight.

THE BIRTH AND WEANING WEIGHTS OF HIGHLAND AND HEREFORD CATTLE AND THEIR RECIPROCAL CROSSES

1964 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Lawson ◽  
H. F. Peters
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Sum Of Squares ◽  
Standard Errors ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Comparative Tests ◽  
Reciprocal Crosses ◽  
Hereford Cattle ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors

Birth and weaning data were collected from 1957 to 1960 on 219 calves of the Highland and Hereford breeds and their reciprocal crosses. Significant (P < 0.01) effects of breed of calf, age of dam, sex of calf, and date of birth on birth weight, and significant (P < 0.01) effects of breed of calf, year of birth, age of dam, sex of calf, and age of calf on weaning weight, demonstrated the importance of considering both genetic and environmental factors when undertaking comparative tests of breeds and crosses.Breed means and standard errors for birth weight were Hereford, 70.7 ± 0.9; Highland, 63.6 ± 1.0; Highland (sire) × Hereford (dam), 73.6 ± 0.9; and Hereford (sire) × Highland (dam), 70.1 ± 1.1 lb. Weaning weight means and standard errors were: Hereford, 360 ± 5.6; Highland, 339 ± 6.7; Highland × Hereford, 378 ± 6.0; and Hereford × Highland, 385 ± 7.0 lb.The average of the reciprocal crosses exceeded the average of the parental breeds by 7.0% in birth weight and 9.2% in weaning weight.Variability (sum of squares) in birth weight accounted for by breed of calf was about twice that accounted for by age of dam or sex of calf, and about 6 times that contributed by year of birth or date of birth within years. The influence of age of dam on the variability in weaning weight was about twice that accounted for by breed of calf, year of birth, or age of calf, and about 7 times that due to sex of calf.

INFLUENCE OF BODY WEIGHT AND CHANGES IN BODY WEIGHT OF THE COW ON PREWEANING TRAITS OF THE CALF

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 599-607
Author(s):  
G. W. RAHNEFELD ◽  
R. J. PARKER ◽  
S. YODSERANEE ◽  
E. W. STRINGAM
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Control Line ◽  
Selection Experiment ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Apparent Effect ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Daily Gain

This study was designed to estimate and evaluate environmental factors affecting birth weight, weaning weight and preweaning average daily gain (ADG) of purebred Shorthorn calves from the control line of a selection experiment. Nine years of data consisted of 635 birth weight and 607 weaning weight records. Least squares analysis of variance revealed that sex of the calf was the most important source of variation: males averages 2.31 kg heavier at birth, were 14.3 kg heavier at weaning and gained 0.08 kg more per day from birth to weaning than females. Heavier cows in June, October, and December prior to parturition and at parturition produced heavier calves at birth. Heavier cows in October prior to parturition, at parturition, and in June or October following parturition produced calves which grew more rapidly from birth to weaning and were heavier at weaning. There was no apparent effect of cow weight changes before or after parturition on preweaning traits. Correlations of birth weight with weaning weight, preweaning ADG and cow weight at parturition were 0.56 ± 0.03, 0.43 ± 0.04 and 0.24 ± 0.04 respectively. Correlations of weaning weight and preweaning average daily gain with cow weights at parturition were 0.42 ± 0.04 and 0.40 ± 0.04. Correlations among cow weights in June, October, and December prior to parturition, at parturition, and in June and October following parturition were estimated.

Determination Of Factors Affecting Father-Baby Attachment

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (14) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Emine Serap ÇAĞAN ◽  
Birsen KARACA SAYDAM ◽  
Sinem GÜLÜMSER ATEŞ ◽  
Rabia EKTİ GENÇ ◽  
Esin ÇEBER TURFAN
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Infant Attachment ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Attachment Figure ◽  
Gynecology And Obstetrics ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Package Program ◽  
The Difference

Introduction: The primary attachment figure is mostly defined as the mother, and studies focus on the mother. However, in many babies, basic attachment is just as good with the father as with the mother. It is seen that there are very few studies in the literature investigating the correlations of father-infant attachment relationships.. The aim of this study is to determine the father-infant attachment status and to determine the factors affecting attachment. Method: The population of the cross-sectional study consisted of the spouses of all puerperant women hospitalized in the Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic between September 1, 2018 and October 1, 2018. The sample size consisted of 156 fathers who agreed to participate in the study. Father identification form and father-infant attachment scale were used to collect the study data. The analysis of the data obtained from the research was carried out on the computer using the SPSS 16.0 package program. Results: 156 fathers participated in the study. The mean age of the fathers is 33.64±6.49, and 38.5% of them have a bachelor's degree. 91.0% of fathers stated that they felt ready for fatherhood. The fathers' Father-Infant Attachment Scale mean score was 82.60±7.72 In the analysis, the difference between the variables and the total score of the scale was found to be statistically insignificant (p>0.05). Discussion and Conclusion: At the end of the study, the bonding process of fathers participating in the study with their babies and the factors affecting this process were evaluated and it was seen that the father-infant attachment scale mean scores of the fathers participating in the study were high and were similar to other studies. In addition, when the basic factors affecting father-infant attachment were compared with the attachment scale mean score, it was found that there was no statistically significant difference.

Gestation length, birth weight and growth rates of pure-bred indigenous goats and their crosses in Kenya

1988 ◽  
Vol 111 (2) ◽  
pp. 363-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Ruvuna ◽  
T. C. Cartwright ◽  
H. Blackburn ◽  
M. Okeyo ◽  
S. Chema
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
East African ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Cross Breeding ◽  
Indigenous Goats

SummaryData on gestation period of 701 indigenous East African and Galla does and pre- and postweaning growth of 810 pure-bred and cross-bred kids were analysed by least squares statistical analysis. Breeds of kids were East African, Galla, Toggenburg × East African, Toggenburg × Galla, Anglo-Nubian × East African and Anglo-Nubian × Galla. Average gestation length was 149 days and was significantly (P < 0·05) affected by type of birth of the kid, year–month of kidding, and age of dam. Does carrying twins had shorter gestation length than does carrying singles. Sex and breed of kid did not have significant effect on gestation length.Significant (P < 0·05) factors affecting birth weight, weight at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 210 and 270 days of age, and preweaning growth rate were breed and sex of kid, type of birth, year–month and age of dam. Male kids grew faster and were heavier than females. Kids born single were heavier and grew faster than twin-born kids. Kids from dams less than 3 years old weighed less than kids from older dams. Cross-bred kids had higher preweaning growth rates than indigenous pure-bred kids. The Anglo-Nubian × Galla cross was heaviest while the East African ranked lowest. The results point to importance of cross-breeding with temperate breeds to increase growth rates of indigenous goats. Comparison of Toggenburg and Anglo-Nubian sires for cross-breeding showed both buck breeds produced kids with roughly equal growth rates. Evaluation of indigenous Galla and East African dams for cross-breeding showed Galla dams produced heavier kids than East African but preweaning growth rates were not significantly different.

scholarly journals The effects of breed, sire and environmental factors on the birth and weaning weight of lambs

2020 ◽  
Vol 108 (4) ◽  
pp. 70-78
Author(s):  
S. Kramarenko ◽  
◽  
A. Kramarenko ◽  
S. Lugovoy ◽  
D. Balan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Size Type

The effects of breed, sire and environmental factors on the birth and weaning weight of lambs The aim of this study was to determine the effect of some important factors influencing on the birth and weaning weight variability in lambs. Data from 2603 ewes was included in the analysis, where 3961 lambs were obtained during the five years of the research. Data was tested using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with the GLM procedure of Minitab Release 13.1. Our results presented significant influence on the year of lambing, breed, ram genotype, age of a dam, type of a birth (litter size), sex of a lamb and on the birth weight and weaning weight of lambs. Keywords: birth and weaning weight of lambs; ram genotype; year of lambing; age of ewes; litter size (type of birth); sex of a lamb; the Ascanian fine-fleece breed.

scholarly journals The role of nicotinamide in the correction of renal function in diabetic nephropathy

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-221
Author(s):  
L. V. Yanitskaya ◽  
L. F. Osinskaya ◽  
A. V. Redko
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Rat Kidney ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Cortical Layer ◽  
The Difference

Hyperglycemia of diabetes mellitus leads to the activation of the polyol way of oxidation of glucose with the activation of the enzymes of aldose reductase and sorbitol dehydrogenase and of their coenzymes NADPH and NAD, which triggers the mechanism of formation of sorbitol. The consequences of these changes lead to microangiopathy of the tissues of the kidneys, which may be one of the pathogenetic mechanisms of diabetic nephropathy. In an accessible literature, the role of coenzymes of sorbitol pathway in the development of diabetic nephropathy is not sufficiently defined. The purpose of the study was to study the content of NAD and NADPH coenzymes, their correlation, and their role in the mechanism of kidney damage in diabetes mellitus and to predict the possible correction of these changes with the NAD-nicotinamide derivative. The study was conducted on a model of streptotrozectinic diabetes mellitus (single administration of streptozotocin in a dose of 60 mg per 1 kg of body weight). Four weeks after induction of diabetes, nicotinamide (100 mg per 1 kg body weight) was injected. The level of glucose was determined by the Accu-chek (Roshe Diagnostics, Switzerland) glucose meter. The content of NAD and NADH was determined in the non-protein extracts. The statistical analysis was carried out using the Microsoft Excel statistical analysis program. The difference between the indicators was considered statistically significant (p<0.05). The NAD level was reduced by 31%, the NAD/NADN ratio was 32%. The dependence of the ratio of NADP/NADPN in conditions of hyperglycemia of diabetes mellitus with clinical manifestations of diabetic nephropathy is determined. A decrease in the ratio of NADP/NADPN to 38% in the rat kidney in the cortical layer was detected. The introduction of nicotinamide normalized the reduced content of NAD diabetic rats. These results provide perspectives for further research in which nicotinamide can be used as a renal protector.

scholarly journals Evaluasi Kinerja Pertumbuhan Sapi Silangan Belgian Blue dan Peranakan Ongole

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-141
Author(s):  
Jakaria Jakaria ◽  
Edwar Edwar ◽  
Mokhamad Fakhrul Ulum ◽  
Rudy Priyanto
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Growth Analysis ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Cross Breeding ◽  
Daily Body Weight ◽  
The Difference

ABSTRAK. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi kinerja pertumbuhan sapi persilangan Belgian Blue (BB) dan sapi Peranakan Ongole (PO) pada turunan pertama (F1). Sapi persilangan (BB dan PO) yang digunakan sebanyak 15 ekor terdiri atas jantan 6 ekor dan betina 9 ekor, selain itu digunakan 8 ekor sapi PO betina yang dipelihara di Balai Embrio Ternak (BET) Cipelang Bogor. Peubah yang diamati adalah bobot lahir (BW), bobot sapih (WW) 205 hari, bobot 1 tahun (YW), pertambahan bobot badan harian dari lahir (GBW) sampai sapih (GWW) dan pertambahan bobot badan harian dari sapih (GWW) sampai umur 1 tahun (GYW). Data dianalisis secara deskriptif dan perbedaan antar sapi silangan (BB-PO) dengan sapi PO dilakukan uji t. Hasil analisis bobot badan dan pertumbuhan menunjukkan bahwa, bobot badan sapi silangan BB dan PO lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan sapi PO pada WW 205 hari (165,2±21,3 kg dan 115±15,2 kg), YW (365 hari) (240,7±28,1 kg dan 194,9±26,1 kg) dan GBW sampai GWW (0,675±0,097 kg dan 0,441±0,059 kg). BW dan GWW sampai GYW tidak berbeda antara sapi silangan BB-PO dengan PO. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa program cross-breeding sapi BB dengan PO dapat meningkatkan kinerja bobot badan dan pertumbuhan.  (Growth performance evaluation of belgian blue and ongole crossbreed) ABSTRACT. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the growth performance of cross-breeding of Belgian Blue (BB) and Ongole Grade (PO) cattle in the first generation (F1). Crossbred of BB and PO cattle used as many as 15 individuals consisting of 6 males and 9 females, also, 8 individual PO females are used which are kept in the Livestock Embryo Center (BET) Cipelang, Bogor. The observed variables were birth weight (BW), weaning weight (WW) 205 days, 1-year weight (YW) 365 days, daily body weight gain from birth (GBW) to weaning (GWW) and daily body weight gain from weaning (GWW) until the age of 1 year (GYW). Data were analyzed descriptively and the difference between cross-breeding (BB-PO) cattle and PO cattle was analyzed by t-test. The results of body weight and growth analysis showed that crossbred BB and PO cattle were higher than PO cattle at WW 205 days (165.2 ± 21.3 kg and 115 ± 15.2 kg), YW (365 days) (240.7 ± 28.1 kg and 194.9 ± 26.1 kg ) and GBW to GWW (0.675 ± 0.097 kg and 0.441 ± 0.059 kg). BW and GWW to GYW do not differ between crossbred BB-PO and PO cattle. The results of this study indicate that the cross-breeding program for BB cattle with PO cattle breeds can improve the performance of body weight and growth.

scholarly journals Factors affecting growth traits of beef cattle breeds raised inSlovakia

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 14-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Krupa ◽  
M. Oravcová ◽  
P. Polák ◽  
J. Huba ◽  
Z. Krupová
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Linear Model ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
General Linear Model ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Sex Effect ◽  
Beef Cattle Breeds

Growth traits of purebred calves of six beef breeds (Aberdeen Angus &ndash; AA, Blonde d&rsquo;Aquitaine &ndash; BA, Charolais &ndash; CH,Hereford &ndash; HE, Limousine &ndash; LI and Beef Simmental &ndash; BS) born from 1998 to 2002 were analysed. Traits under study were birth weight (BW), weight at 120 days (W120), weight at 210 days &ndash; weaning weight (WW), weight at 365 days &ndash; yearling weight (YW) and average daily gains from birth to 120 days (ADG1), from birth to 210 days (ADG2), from birth to 365 days (ADG3), from 120 to 210 days (ADG4). General linear model with class effects of breed, dam&rsquo;s age at calving, sex, herd-year-season (HYS) and covariation of age at weighing was used for analyses. All effects significantly affected both weight and gain traits except for dam&rsquo;s age that was significant for BW, W120, YW and ADG3, and age at weighing that was significant for W120, WW, YW, ADG2, ADG3, ADG4. Estimated least squares means of growth traits were compared using Scheffe&rsquo;s multiple-range tests. Highest BW (40.57&nbsp;kg) and W120 (172.43 kg) were found for BA calves. BS calves had highest WW (260.30 kg), YW (424.07 kg), ADG1 (1&nbsp;154&nbsp;g), ADG2 (1 053 g), ADG3 (1 054 g) and ADG4 (1 098 g). Highest BW, YW, ADG3 and ADG4 were found for males-singles. Males-twins had highest W120, WW, ADG1 and ADG2. Calves descending from 5&ndash;7 years old dams had highest BW, W120, WW, ADG1, ADG2 and ADG4. The proportion of variability of growth traits explained by HYS effect (42.96&ndash;71.69%) was high, whereas proportions of variability explained by SEX effect (2.03&ndash;5.77%), age of dam (1.02&ndash;2.24%) and breed (1.05&ndash;2.21%) were low. Residuals accounted for 23.71 up to 53.79% of total variance. &nbsp;

Genetic and environmental factors affecting some measures of yield and fertility in a registered Canadian Holstein dairy herd in Iran

2002 ◽  
Vol 2002 ◽  
pp. 190-190
Author(s):  
Ali Toosi
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Lactation Curve ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding ◽  
Important Trait ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
Production Characteristics

Milk production is the most important trait in dairy cattle breeding. Measures of additional traits are also important. Traits of lactation curve are important in their relation to production characteristics. The two major reasons for which dairy cows are disposed are fertility problems and low milk yield (Hansen et al.,1983). The objectives of this study were 1) To evaluate effects of some environmental factors on some measures of yield and fertility, and 2) To estimate genetic parameters for these traits applying REML procedures under sire model.

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