scholarly journals Effect of singeing methods on carcass qualities and sensory properties of red Sokoto buck muscle

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 443-453
Author(s):  
Ani Ugochukwu ◽  
Jiya Zhiri ◽  
Ocheme Boniface
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Sensory Properties ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Carcass Quality ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
University Of Technology ◽  
Sensory Parameters ◽  
Meat Samples ◽  
Physical And Chemical

An experiment was conducted using twenty four red Sokoto bucks to evaluate effect of singeing methods on the carcass quality and sensory properties of red Sokoto buck (Chevon) meat. The study was carried out at the Animal Production Teaching and Research laboratory, Federal University of Technology Minna. The buck carcasses were randomly allocated to four singeing methods of hot water, firewood, rubber tyre and kerosene singeing after slaughter. Data were collected on the sensory parameters, mineral composition, physical and chemical properties and proximate composition. Singeing methods significantly (P<0.05) affects the crude protein and fat contents of the meat samples with crude protein significantly (P<0.05) higher in rubber tyre (31.53%) singed carcasses. While the fat content were significantly (P<0.05) higher in hot water (5.80%) singed carcasses. The mineral contents differs significantly (P<0.05) among singeing methods. The pH and thermal shortening were significantly (P<0.05) higher in buck carcasses singed with kerosene (6.75 and 35.35 respectively). Methods of singeing had significant effect on the carcass quality and sensory properties of meat samples. It was therefore concluded that hot water be used to remove hairs in slaughtered goat carcasses, as this will reduce to practicable level cross contamination of meat during processing. The use of firewood, tyre and kerosene should be total discouraged in meat processing and the public should be educated about the health implication of consuming animal carcasses singed with these methods.

scholarly journals Biocompatible Material from Indonesian Natural Resource of Wild Silkmoth Cocoon

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Tjokorda Gde Tirta Nindhia ◽  
Zdenek Knejzlík ◽  
Tomáš Ruml ◽  
I Wayan Surata ◽  
Tjokorda Sari Nindhia
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Living Things ◽  
Biocompatibility Testing ◽  
Good Biocompatibility ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Silk can be produced by spider or insect and have prospect as biomaterial for regenerative healing in medical treatment. Silk having physical and chemical properties that support biocompatibility in the living things..In this research, silk that was obtained from Indonesia natural resource of Attacus atlas silkmoth was explored and then will be  developed for biocompatible biomaterial. The treatment with NaOH was developed to separate the fiber from the cocoon. The obtained fiber is investigated its mechanical property by performing tensile test for single fiber. The biocompatibility testing was conducted with human cell (osteosarccoma) cultivation. The result identify that separation by using NaOH yield better better mechanical properties comparing konvenstional method with boiling in hot water. Biocompatibility testing indicate that the the fiber having good biocompatibility.

scholarly journals Preparation and Properties of Composite PAN/PANI Membranes

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beata Fryczkowska ◽  
Zofia Piprek ◽  
Marta Sieradzka ◽  
Ryszard Fryczkowski ◽  
Jarosław Janicki
Keyword(s):  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Transport Properties ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Sensory Properties ◽  
Inversion Method ◽  
Phase Inversion Method ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Polyacrylonitrile Solution ◽  
Interesting Solution

The methods of modifying PAN membranes have been known and used for many years. An interesting solution seems to be to give the sensory properties to this type of membranes. This paper presents the results of research on the method of obtaining PAN/PANI membranes using phase inversion method from a solution in DMF, following two methods: (1) dissolving both polymers (PAN and PANI) and then coagulating in water or in an aqueous solution of CSA and (2) forming the membranes from polyacrylonitrile solution and coagulation in water, followed by coating of CSA with a solution of TFE. The membranes obtained as a result of the experiment were tested for physical and chemical properties, transport properties, surface morphology, degree of dispersion of composite components, and sensitivity to the presence of dilute acids and bases. FTIR microspectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used to study the surface morphology. The sensory properties of membranes that are inherently colored were determined visually and by UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Furthermore, when choosing the method of membrane forming, we can obtain membranes with good physical and chemical and transport properties or ones characterized by high sensitivity to the pH of the solution.

scholarly journals The Physical Properties and The Extractive Content of Sugar Palm Stem (Arenga pinnata)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
Rudi Hartono ◽  
Muhdi ◽  
John Parulian Nainggolan
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Outer Part ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Specific Weight ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Extractive Content ◽  
Weight Density ◽  
Palm Sugar ◽  
Physical And Chemical

This study aims to determine the physical and chemical properties of sugar palm. Physical properties include moisture content, density, and shrinkage from wet to dry oven chemical properties included of extractive solubility in cold and wet solutions. The samples were 15 years of age and originated from Sidikalang, Dairi district, North Sumatra. Three individual samples were taken and cut into 50 cm of length of three types of height namely base, middle, and end. The research was also conducted horizontally (edge, center, and at the core). The results of this study indicated that the average water content was 120.31-603.48%, the specific weight was 0.12-0.51 g/cm3, and the shrinkage from wet to dry oven was 28.06-77.69%. The extractive solubility in cold water was 11.66-87.22%, while in hot water was 10-90%. Based on the specific weight/density obtained, the outer part or edge of the palm sugar was included in the strength classes IV and V.

scholarly journals Production and quality of Urochloa decumbens (stapf) r.d. webster forage co-related to the physical and chemical properties of the soil

Revista CERES ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávio Carlos Dalchiavon ◽  
Rafael Montanari ◽  
Marcelo Andreotti
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Mechanical Resistance ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Soil Production ◽  
Urochloa Decumbens ◽  
Chemical Attributes ◽  
Physical And Chemical

ABSTRACT Frequently degraded pastureland characterized by low soil fertility and compacted surface is the basic environment of Brazilian livestock. The physical and chemical characterization of soil and its co-relationship with forage production are determining factors for performance of animals raised on pasture. The objective was to analyze the forage production of Urochloa decumbens grass correlated, linearly and spatially, with physical and chemical attributes of a savannah soil in Selvíria - MS, Brazil. A geostatistical web was introduced for the collection of soil and plant data, with 120 sampling sites within an area of 56.09 ha. The descriptive analysis of the data was undertaken and linear co-relationships, both simple and multiple, were established between plant and soil properties. Semivariograms were modeled and their respective krigings and cross-validations obtained, coupled to co-krigings (plant and soil). Production of dry matter and crude protein rates of U. decumbens may be estimated by regressions and the mechanical resistance to penetration and gravimetric humidity of the soil evaluated. Since organic matter rate and the gravimetric humidity of the soil are co-related spatially with the rate of crude protein of U. decumbens, they are the best factors to calculate or increase the forage crude protein rate.

scholarly journals Effect of Fertilizer Types and Rates on The Production of Moringa (Moringa Oleifera) In Ogbomoso

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-34
Author(s):  
Olawepo Taiye Femi ◽  
Akanbi Wasiu Babatunde ◽  
Olayiwola Shakirat Ayobami ◽  
Ojo Abisoye Oyepero ◽  
Idiaro Salimat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
University Of Technology ◽  
Seed Yield Components ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Purpose: An experiment was conducted to study the effect of fertilizer types and rates on the production of moringa in Ogbomoso on the Teaching and Research Farm of Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, in 2012 and 2013 planting seasons.Methodology: The experimental design was randomized complete block design with 3 replicates. Nine treatments were used. The treatments were no fertilizer, 400 kg/ha NPK, 600 kg /ha NPK, 800 kg/ha NPK, 1000 kg/ha NPK, 2.5 t/ha tithonia compost, 5.0 t/ha tithonia compost, 7.5 t/ha tithonia compost and 10.0 t/ha tithonia compost. The land was prepared by ploughing and harrowing after the pre cropping soil sampling to determine the physical and chemical properties of the soil. Data collected were plant height, number of leave/plants, dry matter yield, fruit and seed yield components, biomass proximate and elemental compositions. The analyses of variance done were on the data collected and means were separated using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (P <0.05).Results: Vegetative growth of moringa was better enhanced by the application of 1000 kg/ha NPK, as it produced the tallest plant height and the greatest number of leaves/plants which is followed by the 10.0 t/ha tithonia compost. The fertilizer application had significant effect on the seed and fruit yield of moringa. 1000kg/ha of NPK gave the highest seed and fruit yield components such as fruit set, number of fruits per plant and 100 seed weight. The application of 10.0 t/ha tithonia compost had highest proximate and nutrient composition in moringa leaves production.Unique contribution to theory, policy and practice: In conclusion, the application of 10.0 t/ha tithonia compost produce a comparable result as 1000 kg/ha NPK (15:15:15) fertilizer and may be used as alternate to NPK (15:15:15) fertilizer in the production of moringa. Hence 1000kg of NPK/ha or 10.0 tons tithonia compost/ha were recommended for moringa biomass and seed production in Ogbomoso

scholarly journals Effect of sulfur fertilization on the physical and chemical properties of crambe (Crambe abyssinica Hochst ex R.E. Fries) seeds

OCL ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Ewa Ropelewska ◽  
Krzysztof J. Jankowski
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Crambe Abyssinica ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Sulfur Fertilization ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Crambe seeds have numerous industrial applications. Crambe seed oil contains mostly monounsaturated fatty acids. Seeds contain crude protein, amino acid, glucosinolates. They are used in human and animal nutrition. The aim of this study was to determine the physical and chemical properties of crambe seeds subjected to fertilization at 0, 15, 30 kg S ha−1. Thousand seed weight ranged from 6.93 g (0S) to 8.04 g (30S). All results were statistically significantly different. Length (L) of seeds ranged from 2.20 mm (0S, 15S) to 2.24 mm (30S), width (S) ranged from 1.90 mm (0S) to 1.95 mm (30S), surface area (F) ranged from 3.53 mm2 (0S) to 3.67 mm2 (30S). All samples (0S, 15S, 30S) formed one homogenous group for the values of L, S, F. Crude fat content was 349.8 g kg−1 DM (0S) to 377.9 g kg−1 DM (30S) and crude protein content was 241.0 g kg−1 DM (0S) to 250.3 g kg−1 DM (30S). The results for each sample were statistically significantly different. The results can be used in practice to determine the dose of sulfur fertilizer. Fertilization caused changes in 1000 seed weight of crambe. Additionally, selected linear dimensions and shape factors of crambe seeds were affected by fertilizer. Sulfur fertilization caused changes in the crude fat and crude protein content of crambe seeds.

Comparative micelle structure: II. Structure and composition of casein micelles in ovine and caprine milk as compared with those in bovine milk

1974 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. C. Richardson ◽  
L. K. Creamer ◽  
K. N. Pearce ◽  
R. E. Munford
Keyword(s):  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Capra Hircus ◽  
Casein Micelles ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Caprine Milk ◽  
Micelle Size ◽  
Physical And Chemical

SummaryThe casein micelles of sheep (Ovis aries), goat (Capra hircus) and cow (Bos taurus) milks have been examined by electron microscopy. The ovine micelles were smaller than bovine micelles, most being below 80 nm diam. The caprine micelles were either large (c. 200 nm diam.), easily sedimented and electron-dense, or small (below 80 nm) and similar to the ovine micelles. Examination of the micelles using the freeze-etch technique showed, however, that they were all composed of subunits of similar dimensions (10–15 nm diam.).Electrophoresis of the caseins showed that there were differences between them, with the caprine casein containing a smaller proportion of its protein in the more mobile components. The mineral contents of the milks were also different, but these were apparently related to the different pH and casein contents of the milks. It is likely that the diiferences in micelle size distribution are determined by the physical and chemical properties of the casein components.

scholarly journals Physico-chemical Evaluation of Some Introduced Date Fruits Cultivars grown under Sudanese conditions

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 731-736
Author(s):  
Islam K. Saeed ◽  
Fatima A. El-Rauof ◽  
H.D. Dawoud
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Chemical Evaluation ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Fruit Samples ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Fruit samples of five date cultivars, three cultivars of them were introduced from Emirates Tissue culture Laboratory-Alien Abu Dhabi and cultivated in Haj-Bashir orchard - Khartoum region were collected at the beginning of the Tamar stages. The present study was aimed to investigate the physical and chemical properties. The results showed that the physical characteristics like fruit weight, length, flesh thickness, seed weight differed significantly (P < 0.05) between the various cultivars. Chemical analysis indicated small amounts of crude fiber, crude protein, Fat and ash, while sugars predominated. In general the majority of date cultivars investigated was found to be of the soft date type characterized by the dominance of reducing sugars. The performance of introduced cultivars was well when compared with the indigenous cultivar of most physical, chemical characteristics and general evaluation.Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 3(4): 731-736

scholarly journals Chemical and Sensory Properties of Probioticated Drinks from Blends of African Yam Bean, Soybean and Coconut Milk Analogues

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abiodun Victor Ikujenlola ◽  
Esther Abiodun Adurotoye ◽  
Hezekiah Adekanmi Adeniran
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Fermented Milk ◽  
Sensory Properties ◽  
Coconut Milk ◽  
Lactobacillus Delbrueckii ◽  
African Yam Bean ◽  
Sensory Parameters

Abstract This study assessed the physicochemical and sensory properties of ‘probiotic’ drink from blends of milk analogues from African yam bean, soybean and coconut. Milk analogues were blended at ratios of 1:1:1, 3:1:1 and 5:1:1 (African yam bean: soybean: coconut) as samples A, B and C respectively. These samples were fermented for 24 h at 43°C using Lactobacillus delbrueckii. The results showed that the fermented milk analogue of ratio 1:1:1 was the most acceptable in terms of sensory parameters. The pH of the milk analogues ranged from 5.07 to 5.85. The sample B1 (fermented (1:1:1) African yam bean: soybean: coconut) had a crude protein of 2.38%, potassium of 80.13 mg/100g, phytate of 2.85 mg/100g and saponin was 0.19 mg/100g. The study concluded that the sample with equal ratio of African yam bean, soybean and coconut adjudged the most acceptable by tasters.

scholarly journals Wood and Veneer Properties of Fast Growing Species from Batai, Eucalyptus and Kelampayan

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 65-71
Keyword(s):  
Lignin Content ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Eucalyptus Pellita ◽  
Veneer Sheet ◽  
Chemical Determination ◽  
Bottom To Top ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Fast Growing Species

Anatomical, physical, chemical and veneer properties of wood are important aspect that affect applicability of wood based product. This study is focused on three fast growing species of Batai (Paraserianthes falcataria), Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus pellita) and Kelampayan (Neolamarckia cadamba). All trees were cut into three height portion (bottom, middle and top) and wood disc samples are taken for anatomical, physical and chemical determination from each part of height. Meanwhile veneer properties were determined for veneer sheet after peeling and drying process. Eucalyptus shows the highest number of vessel for 16 mm2 area and near pith has higher frequency of vessel occurrence than near bark. The highest specific gravity for Batai, Eucalyptus and Kelampayan were found in bottom portion, followed by middle and top portion. Percentages of moisture content for this tree species is increased going from bottom to top portion. Cold and hot water, alcohol toluene, ash content and lignin content were found to have significant differences for top, middle and bottom of tree portion. The highest of percentage of veneer shrinkage was shown by Kelampayan veneer. Meanwhile, Batai veneer exhibited the lowest contact angle. As the conclusion, species and tree portions were found to be significantly affected for the anatomical, physical and chemical properties. For veneer analysis, species were found to affect veneer parameters. The results are of importance in order to optimize the production of plywood from fast growing species in Malaysia.

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