scholarly journals Warfare and group solidarity: From Ibn Khaldun to Ernest Gellner and beyond

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 389-406
Author(s):  
Sinisa Malesevic
Keyword(s):  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Alternative Explanation ◽  
Ibn Khaldun ◽  
Group Solidarity ◽  
The Social ◽  
Group Unity ◽  
Material Conditions ◽  
S Model ◽  
Social Orders

Ibn Khaldun and Ernest Gellner have both developed comprehensive yet very different theories of social cohesion. Whereas Ibn Khaldun traces the development of intense group solidarity to the ascetic lifestyles of nomadic warriors, for Gellner social cohesion is a product of different material conditions. In contrast to Ibn Khaldun?s theory, where all social ties are generated through similar social processes, in Gellner?s model the patterns of collective solidarity change through time, that is, different societies produce different forms of social cohesion. While Ibn Khaldun argues that asbiyyah is the backbone of group unity in all social orders, Gellner insists that modern societies are underpinned by very different type of collective solidarity than their premodern counterparts. In this paper I offer a critique of Ibn Khaldun?s and Gellner?s theories of social cohesion and develop an alternative explanation, which situates the social dynamics of group solidarity in the organisational and ideological legacies of warfare.

scholarly journals Social Solidarity, Collective Identity, Resilient Communities: Two Case Studies from the Rural U.S. and Uruguay

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Braden Leap ◽  
Diego Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Collective Identity ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Ecological Resilience ◽  
Social Solidarity ◽  
Collective Identities ◽  
Group Solidarity ◽  
The Social ◽  
Central United States ◽  
Resilient Communities

Worldwide, communities face disruptions driven by phenomena such as climate change and globalization. Socio-ecological resilience theorists have called for greater attention to the social dynamics that inform whether and how communities are reorganized and sustained in response to such challenges. Scholars increasingly stress that social heterogeneities provide resources that communities can mobilize to adapt and sustain themselves in response to disruptions. Utilizing the sociological literature that emphasizes that social solidarities and collective identities are centrally important to community responses to socio-ecological disruptions, we argue that solidarities grounded in collective identities can act as important mediators between social heterogeneity and resilience. Drawing on qualitative data from rural communities in the central United States and southwestern Uruguay, we explore how group solidarity enabled individuals to more effectively draw on their diverse knowledges, skills, and resources to sustain their communities. Linked by a collective identity grounded in rurality, in each setting, individuals effectively worked together to adapt to emerging socio-ecological disruptions. These results suggest that we can better understand how social heterogeneities inform resilience by considering how solidarities grounded in collective identities influence whether and how individuals can successfully cooperate to rearrange and sustain their communities. When working with rural communities, specifically, it will be especially important to account for solidarities and collective identities tied to rurality.

Cohesion and Identity: the Maghreb from Ibn Khaldun to Emile Durkheim

1975 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernest Gellner
Keyword(s):  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Social System ◽  
Central Problem ◽  
Emile Durkheim ◽  
Ibn Khaldun ◽  
The Social ◽  
Technical Advice ◽  
Basic Features

IBN KHALDUN, LIKE EMILE DURKHEIM, IS PRIMARILY A THEORIST OF social cohesion. His central problem is - what is it that keeps men together in society? What is it that leads them to idendy with a sacid group, to accept and observe its norms, to subordinate their own individual interests to it, in some measure to accept the authority of its leaders, to think its thoughts and to internalize its aims? This is a question which sociologists, moralists and political osophers share. One of the interesting traits of Ibn Khaldun owever is the extent to which he is a sociologist rather than a moralist: modern sociologists may preach Wertfreiheit, he ractised it. Even when, as a kind of Maghrebin Machiavelli, he offers advice to princes, it is basically technical advice on points of detail, or on the wisdom of knowing things for what they are: but when it comes to the basic features of the social system, he indulges in no preaching. No advice is offered to the social cosmos as to how it should comport itself. Things are as they are. The thinker's job is to understand them, not to change them. Marx's contrary opinion would have astonished Ibn Khaldun. In this sense, Ibn Khaldun is more positivistic than Durkheim, whose thought is far more often at the service of values and of the concern with social renovation.

scholarly journals SOCIAL CONFLICTS ANALYSIS OF CHARACTER’S IN NOVEL BULANG CAHAYA BY RIDA K LIAMSI

Jurnal KATA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Zahra Wulandari ◽  
Yulia Sri Hartati ◽  
Titiek Fujita Yusandra
Keyword(s):  
Political Conflict ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Social Conflicts ◽  
Group Solidarity ◽  
The Social ◽  
Personal Conflict ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Group Unity ◽  
Two Sides

<p><em>This article aims to describe social conflicts that include the forms, causes and impacts of social conflicts in the novel “Bulang Cahaya” by Rida K Liamsi. The problem of this novel lies in its content which tells a lot about social conflict. Method of the research is descriptive anaysis method. Based on the research findings and discussion it can be concluded that the social conflicts contained in the novel Bulang Cahaya by Rida K Liamsi include: (1) Personal conflict. This conflict impacts on the destruction of group unity where disputes that occur make the two sides contradict each other. (2) Political conflict. The political conflict that occurred between Raja Kecik and Tengku Sulaiman had an impact on the growing sense of group solidarity between the Bugis and Malays. (3) Conflict of social classes. conflicts between social classes in the novel Bulang Cahaya by Rida K Liamsi occur between the Bugis and the Malays.</em></p>

Motherhood, Neighborhood, and Nationhood

2020 ◽  
pp. 154-180
Author(s):  
Nimisha Barton
Keyword(s):  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Social World ◽  
Class Culture ◽  
Female Community ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
History Of ◽  
Marital Disputes ◽  
Material Conditions

This chapter recounts the murder of the Tokars in Sainte Marguerite that provides a remarkable window into the social dynamics of apartment life in Paris. It offers a glimpse of the social world of working women and a sense of the female community that was built in the dark hallways, crowded courtyards, and hidden recesses of the Parisian apartment building. It also traces marital disputes, family frays, and neighborly brawls involving immigrant wives and mothers that blend with the everyday history of the neighborhood and its predominantly French-born inhabitants. The chapter describes the working-class culture of want and privation that thrived in the diseased and dilapidated, close and crowded apartment buildings of the 11th arrondissement. It highlights material conditions of everyday life that brought foreign wives and mothers into daily contact with their French neighbors and local community.

REHABILITATING THE HOARD: THE SOCIAL DYNAMICS OF UNBANKING IN AFRICA AND BEYOND

Africa ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 595-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustav Peebles
Keyword(s):  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Alternative Explanation ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Local People ◽  
Subject Formation ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Capitalist Economy ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Non Profit Organizations

ABSTRACTIf a thriving capitalist economy relies on the innumerable small deposits of savings that local people place in banks, then ‘unbanking’ represents a threat to just such an economy. And yet, across the globe, billions remain outside the formal banking sector, thereby reducing the ability of formal banks to set these savings in motion. This unbanking has been the subject of many reports and studies by economists, corporations and non-profit organizations, but unbanking never seems to diminish. Indeed, by all accounts, it continues to thrive. In order to offer an alternative explanation for this phenomenon, the author revives an important, age-old distinction between hoarding and saving, while also providing an anthropological survey of alternative modes of saving in Africa. In so doing, the author argues that the critics of unbanking may be ignoring the ways in which banking and unbanking are tied up with subject formation.

Review of The Social Dynamics of Self-Esteem: Theory to Therapy.

1989 ◽  
Vol 34 (11) ◽  
pp. 1046-1046
Author(s):  
No authorship indicated
Keyword(s):  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Social

The Social Dynamics of Economic Development in Rural Punjab

Asian Survey ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 336-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry M. Raulet ◽  
Jogindar S. Uppal
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
The Social

Resettlement Processes in the Ukrainian SSR during the Holodomor (1932–34)

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-99
Author(s):  
Olesia Rozovyk
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Power ◽  
Socialist Republic ◽  
Soviet Socialist Republic ◽  
The Social ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Material Conditions ◽  
Federative Socialist Republic

This article, based on archival documents, reveals resettlement processes in the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic in 1932–34, which were conditioned by the repressive policy of the Soviet power. The process of resettlement into those regions of the Soviet Ukraine where the population died from hunger most, and which was approved by the authorities, is described in detail. It is noted that about 90,000 people moved from the northern oblasts of the Ukrainian SSR to the southern part of the republic. About 127,000 people arrived in Soviet Ukraine from the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic (BSSR) and the western oblasts of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR). The material conditions of their residence and the reasons for the return of settlers to their previous places of inhabitance are described. I conclude that the resettlement policy of the authorities during 1932–34 changed the social and national composition of the eastern and southern oblasts of Ukraine.

Conceptual foundations for the development of J.G.Turner’s general sociological theory: Metatheoretical ideas, basic concepts and analytical scheme

2019 ◽  
pp. 40-60
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Reznik
Keyword(s):  
Social Evolution ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Sociological Theory ◽  
Social Forces ◽  
Analytical Scheme ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
The Social ◽  
Production Distribution ◽  
Basic Concepts ◽  
Conceptual Foundations

The article discusses the conceptual foundations of the development of the general sociological theory of J.G.Turner. These foundations are metatheoretical ideas, basic concepts and an analytical scheme. Turner began to develop a general sociological theory with a synthesis of metatheoretical ideas of social forces and social selection. He formulated a synthetic metatheoretical statement: social forces cause selection pressures on individuals and force them to change the patterns of their social organization and create new types of sociocultural formations to survive under these pressures. Turner systematized the basic concepts of his theorizing with the allocation of micro-, meso- and macro-levels of social reality. On this basis, he substantiated a simple conceptual scheme of social dynamics. According to this scheme, the forces of macrosocial dynamics of the population, production, distribution, regulation and reproduction cause social evolution. These forces force individual and corporate actors to structurally adapt their communities in altered circumstances. Such adaptation helps to overcome or avoid the disintegration consequences of these forces. The initial stage of Turner's general theorizing is a kind of audit, modification, modernization and systematization of the conceptual apparatus of sociology. The initial results obtained became the basis for the development of his conception of the dynamics of functional selection in the social world.

Scham und Autonomie

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-192
Author(s):  
Sonja Rinofner-Kreidl
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Intentional Content ◽  
Conceptual Clarification ◽  
The Social ◽  
Conventional Behavior ◽  
And Control

Autonomy is associated with intellectual self-preservation and self-determination. Shame, on the contrary, bears a loss of approval, self-esteem and control. Being afflicted with shame, we suffer from social dependencies that by no means have been freely chosen. Moreover, undergoing various experiences of shame, our power of reflection turns out to be severly limited owing to emotional embarrassment. In both ways, shame seems to be bound to heteronomy. This situation strongly calls for conceptual clarification. For this purpose, we introduce a threestage model of self-determination which comprises i) autonomy as capability of decision-making relating to given sets of choices, ii) self-commitment in terms of setting and harmonizing goals, and iii) self-realization in compliance with some range of persistently approved goals. Accordingly, the presuppositions and distinctive marks of shame-experiences are made explicit. Within this framework, we explore the intricate relation between autonomy and shame by focusing on two questions: on what conditions could conventional behavior be considered as self-determined? How should one characterize the varying roles of actors that are involved in typical cases of shame-experiences? In this connection, we advance the thesis that the social dynamics of shame turns into ambiguous positions relating to motivation, intentional content,and actors’ roles.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document