scholarly journals Contextualizing gender in XII century Byzantine discourse: Women and power in Ioannes Zonaras’ epitome historiarum

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 365-387
Author(s):  
Larisa Orlov-Vilimonovic
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Political Power ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
Women And Power

The paper investigates Ioannes Zonaras? Epitome Historiarum, a Byzantine XII century world chronicle for normative conceptions of gender in Byzantium. The article explores two gender-appropriate women?s roles in Byzantine society. It focuses on the behaviors, activities, and attributes attached to and prescribed for the widows and mothers to reiterate the patriarchal social structures. Also, this research intends to uncover the interplay between text and language through crucial gender signifiers, which influenced the balance of social and political power in the Medieval Roman Empire.

The Image of Political Power in the Reign of Nerva, AD 96-98

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan T. Elkins
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Political Power ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Contemporary Poetry ◽  
Public Building ◽  
Historical Texts ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Inner Circle ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive Light

Nerva ruled from September AD 96 to January 98. His short reign provided little public building and monumental art, and study of Nerva has been the province of the historian, who often relies on textual sources written after his death. History has judged Nerva as an emperor who lacked the respect of the Praetorians and armed forces, and who was vulnerable to coercion. The most complete record of state-sanctioned art from Nerva’s reign is his imperial coinage, frequently studied with historical hindsight and thus characterized as “hopeful,” “apologetic,” or otherwise relating the anxiety of the period. But art operated independently of later and biased historical texts, always presenting the living emperor in a positive light. This book reexamines Nerva’s imperial coinage in positivistic terms and relates imagery to contemporary poetry and panegyric, which praised the emperor. While the audiences at which images were directed included the emperor, attention to hoards and finds also indicates what visual messages were most important in Nerva’s reign and at what other groups in the Roman Empire they were directed. The relationship between the imagery and the rhetoric used by Frontinus, Martial, Tacitus, and Pliny to characterize Nerva and his reign allows reinvestigation of debate about the agency behind the creation of images on imperial coinage. Those in charge of the mint were close to the emperor’s inner circle and thus walked alongside prominent senatorial politicians and equestrians who wrote praise directed at the emperor; those men were in a position to visualize that praise.

scholarly journals Dampak Sosial Politik terhadap Perkembangan Ekonomi Umat Allah Zaman Perjanjian Lama

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Karel Siahaya
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Old Testament ◽  
Political Power ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
Social Politics ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social

This is a study of the Old Testament about the economic development of the Old Testament Israelites which was influenced by several things such as social politics. The purpose of this discussion is to show the social, potent and even geographical influences on the economic development of the people. By using descriptive methods, the conclusion obtained from this study is, political power will have an impact on the economic development of the people in it. Likewise, with social, there is a development of social structures based on the economy. Abstrak Ini adalah sebuah kajian Perjanjian Lama tentang perkembangan ekonomi umat Israel zaman Perjanjian Lama yang dipengaruhi oleh beberapa hal seperti sosial politik. Tujuan pembahasan ini adalah untuk menunjukkan pengaruh sosial, potik, bahkan geografi terhadap perkembangna ekonomi umat. Dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif, kesimpulan yang diperoleh dari kajian ini adalah, kekuasaan politik akan memberikan dampak bagi perkembangan ekonomi umat di dalamnya. Demikian juga dengan sosial, terjadi perkembangan struktur sosial berdasarkan ekonomi.

5. Power

2019 ◽  
pp. 91-111
Author(s):  
David Owen
Keyword(s):  
Political Theory ◽  
Basic Concept ◽  
Political Power ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
The World ◽  
Freedom And Responsibility

This chapter assesses power, a basic concept of political theory. In its most fundamental sense, power is a dispositional concept that refers to the capacity to affect some feature of the world and the capacity to produce effects with respect to those feature of the world. The concept of power is closely bound in social and political contexts to the concepts of freedom and responsibility. There are different modes of power: power to, power with, power over, and power of. The power of an agent typically depends on the context of power in which they are situated and on the relations in which they stand to other agents within broader social structures. Moreover, exercises of power are always mediated — and, indeed, we often distinguishes forms of social and political power in terms of prominent general media through which they are exercised. The chapter then considers the three-dimensional view of power.

scholarly journals Radość Sydoniusza Apolinarego z tego, że filozofia służy teologii

Vox Patrum ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 315-324
Author(s):  
Józef Grzywaczewski
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Holy Spirit ◽  
Political Power ◽  
Ancient Philosophy ◽  
Church Of Christ ◽  
Common Elements ◽  
Spiritual Power ◽  
The Holy Spirit ◽  
The Church ◽  
Sidonius Apollinaris

The article shows Sidonius Apollinaris’ admiration for all intellectual acti­vities. For example he congratulated Faustus of Riez after reading his book „On the Holy Spirit”. In all the Sydonius’ writings one can see that he has always had a lot of respect for poets and writers as Lampridius or to scholars as Phoebus. In the context of the fall of the Roman Empire Sidonius really appreciated those who reach for the teachings of ancient philosophy, rhetoric, astronomy and music in the proclamation of the Gospel. So Claudianus Mamertus, author of the book „De sta­tu animae” did. According to Sidonius he was a great master of the three cultures: Roman, Greek and Christian. In the works of Sidonius we can see a gradual transi­tion from the vision of the Empire as a political power to the vision of the Church as a spiritual power. In this context, he gladly stated that the Plato’s Academy was working for the Church of Christ. For this reason, he appreciated each quotation from pagan’s works in Christian works. Polish reader can see common elements in Sidonius and Sienkiewicz: both writers were living in a difficult political situa­tion, the home of the two was ruled by foreign rulers: both writers set themselves the same goal – to write to encourage hearts with glorification of excellent people. Both writers wanted to help people get out of the crisis and to lay the foundations for a better future.

SOCIAL TRANSFORMATION IN THE 6TH–9TH C. EAST

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 603-647
Author(s):  
John Haldon
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
Documentary Evidence ◽  
Archaeological Data ◽  
Documentary Sources ◽  
Administrative Structures ◽  
The Military

This paper summarises some archaeological and documentary evidence for the changes seen in the East Roman empire between the 6th and the 9th c., and suggests how this evidence may be placed within a broader theoretical framework relating to pre-modern social systems. Whilst archaeological evidence for the latter part of the period remains very limited, that for the 6th and 7th c. reveals a marked retreat from urban life towards more defensible sites, and a decline in inter-regional exchange. However, combined with the archaeological data, documentary sources suggest the survival of a society of some complexity, producing sufficient surplus to sustain the military and bureaucratic systems that evolved between the later 7th and 9th c. It is suggested that Byzantine society should not be viewed as a ‘logical’ hierarchical entity reminiscent of modern western administrative structures, but rather as the result of a multiplicity of interacting relationships and social structures.

Rhetoric and Law

2014 ◽  
pp. 172-182
Author(s):  
Richard Leo Enos
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Roman Republic ◽  
Political Power ◽  
Political Influence ◽  
Dynamic Activity ◽  
Legal Development ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Judicial Procedures ◽  
Forensic Rhetoric

The formalization of procedures and the codification of laws that would reach their height and sophistication in the Roman Empire were already under development in the Roman Republic. In addition to being a period of rapid legal development, especially in the refinement of judicial procedures, the Republic was also a period in which law was an intensely rhetorical activity. Advocates, who were often instructed in oral and literate rhetoric through training in declamation by sophists, recognized that persuading both jurors and public audiences was a way of securing legal verdicts and political influence. The “influences” that led to stable, inscribed laws were often the consequence of extensive argument, deliberation, and, on occasion, warfare. Roman forensic rhetoric, both oral and literate, was thus a dynamic activity in interpreting, arguing, and making law as well as a source of political power in the Republic.

scholarly journals Self-Education and Late-Learners in  The Attic Nights of Aulus Gellius

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Joe Sheppard
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Social Mobility ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Aulus Gellius ◽  
The Social ◽  
Simple Definition

<p>This thesis was motivated by expressions of self-education during the early Roman Empire, an unusual topic that has never before been studied in detail. The elite cultural perspective nearly always ensured that Latin authors presented the topos of self-education as a case of social embarrassment or status dissonance that needed to be resolved, with these so-called autodidacts characterised as intellectual arrivistes. But the material remains written by self-educated men and women are expressed in more personal terms, complicating any simple definition and hinting at another side. The first half of this thesis builds a theory of self-education by outlining the social structures that contributed to the phenomenon and by investigating the means and the motivation likely for the successful and practical-minded autodidact. This framework is influenced by Pierre Bourdieu, whose work on culture, class, and education integrated similar concerns within a theory of habitus. As with other alternatives to the conventional upbringing of the educated classes, attempts at self-education were inevitable but ultimately futile. An autodidact by definition missed out on the manners, gestures, and morals that came with the formal education and daily inculcation supplied by the traditional Roman household. In most instances it is unlikely that education could ever have contributed to social mobility. The latter half of this thesis treats Gellius's Attic Nights as a case study of self-education on two levels. A self-consciously recherche miscellany, the Nights at once encourages respectable gentlemen to improve themselves with a short-cut to culture, yet also humiliates any socially marginal figures attempting to educate themselves. This process reproduces the social order by undermining the integrity of any rivals to the elite cultural model while at the same time lionising the author and members of his circle as intellectual 'vigilantes'.</p>

Social stratification on the Swahili coast: from race to class?

Africa ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
François Constantin
Keyword(s):  
Social Stratification ◽  
Social Group ◽  
Political Power ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
Swahili Coast ◽  
The Social ◽  
Opening Paragraph ◽  
The Cost

Opening ParagraphThe analysis of ‘social stratification’ (a polite way of speaking of inequality) is crucial to that of political power, though not easy, regardless of the social group investigated. At the cost of oversimplification, die-hard theoreticians minimise the problem by using ready-made typologies and causal links purporting to explain all living social structures.

Fashion, Women and Power: The Politics of Dress

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
Political Power ◽  
The United States ◽  
Women In Leadership ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Women And Power

As never before, women are rightfully in positions of political power, and into the maelstrom of mass media challenges to their fashions and their right to govern. An examination of the fraught narratives surrounding the clothing of women in leadership in Australia, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, the United States, Hong Kong, Taiwan, India and Indonesia.

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