Variability of head diameter in sunflower hybrids depending on planting date

Head size contributes substantially to seed yield of sunflower because it influences both number of seeds per head, and seed size. The aim of this field study was to determine the variability of head diameter in sunflower hybrids depending on planting date across three cropping seasons. Three hybrids (Miro, Rimi, Pobednik) were sown at four planting dates (PD1 - 20th of March, PD2 - 10th of April, PD3 - 30th of April, PD4 - 20th of May). Head diameter was analysed in the stage of flowering and physiological maturity. The trial was arranged as Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four replications. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that the effect of year, hybrid, planting date and most interactions were highly significant for head diameter in the flowering stage. In the stage of physiological maturity head diameter varied significantly depending only on the planting date. Also, all interactions, except year ? hybrid (Y ? H), were highly significant. Planting date had significant influence on head diameter in the stage of flowering and physiological maturity in sunflower. With later sowing head diameter increased, so that significantly highest head diameter across planting dates was found in PD4 (11.8 cm in flowering stage, and 22.6 cm at the stage of physiological maturity). Study results may be helpful in the recommendation for optimal planting date in sunflower.

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Genetic Analysis of Half Diallel Matting with Different Methods and their Comparisons for Yield and its Associated Traits in Sunflower under Saline Soil Stress Conditions

Helia ◽

10.1515/helia-2017-0001 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 40 (66) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mohamed Ali Abd El-Satar

Keyword(s):

Genetic Analysis ◽

Agricultural Research ◽

Saline Soil ◽

Block Design ◽

Diallel Cross ◽

Head Diameter ◽

Physiological Maturity ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Soil Stress ◽

Half Diallel

AbstractA half diallel cross between five divergent sunflower genotypes was evaluated under two contrast locations of Kafr El-Hamam (fovourable soil as a control) and Tag Al-Ezz (as salt affected soil) Agricultural Research Stations using randomized complete block design with three replications. High significance variation among genotypes and their components was detected for all studied traits at both and combined locations. Selection in early generations would be effective at both locations for improving days to 50 % flowering, days to physiological maturity, plant height, head diameter, No. of green leaves plant

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Grain yield and associated physiological traits of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) cultivars under different planting dates and drought stress at the 3 flowering stage

Italian Journal of Agronomy ◽

10.4081/ija.2020.1648 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Aliakbar Shafighi ◽

Mohammad Reza Ardakani ◽

Amir Hossein Shirani Rad ◽

Mojtaba Alavifazel ◽

Farnaz Rafiei

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Arid Regions ◽

Block Design ◽

Planting Date ◽

Oilseed Crop ◽

Flowering Stage ◽

Planting Dates ◽

Late Season ◽

Semi Arid

The adverse effects of abiotic stresses have always restricted oilseed crop production, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions. On the other side, global climate change has led us to adapt planting dates and select tolerant cultivars to encounter the new climatic conditions. To evaluate the effect of late-season drought stress under different planting dates on rapeseed cultivars, an experiment was conducted as a factorial split-plot based on randomized complete block design in Karaj region- Iran, during 2015-2017. Planting date and irrigation treatments were considered in the main plots as factorial and cultivars were placed in subplots. Two planting dates were regular date (October 7) (PD1) and late planting date (November 6) (PD2). Irrigation was also carried out at two levels of normal irrigation (NI) and irrigation interruption from flowering stage onwards (II). Experimental cultivars included ES Hydromel, ES Alonso, ES Darko, ES Lauren, and Ahmadi. According to the results, late-season drought stress and delayed planting date reduced leaf relative water content (LRWC), total chlorophyll content (TCC), proline (LPC), and grain yield (GY), and increased stomatal resistance (SR), canopy temperature (CT), and leaf soluble carbohydrates (CLS) in rapeseed cultivars. The highest grain yield (4505.6 kg ha-1) was obtained in NI conditions and PD1. Significant interactions of planting date, irrigation, and cultivar on LRWC, SR, and CLS traits indicated that the ES Hydromel was the most tolerant hybrid cultivar with the highest LRWC and the lowest SR and CLS levels compared to other ones in unfavorable conditions of late-season drought stress and delayed planting. To confirm these results, cluster analysis led to the formation of two clusters, where ES Darko, Ahmadi, and ES Lauren cultivars were placed in the sensitive cluster and ES Hydromel and ES Alonso cultivars were assigned to the tolerant cluster. Therefore, ES Hydromel can be introduced as a superior cultivar to be selected as a genotype that presents acceptable resistance under drought stress and late sowing in arid and semi-arid regions.

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Yield Performance of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) and Maize (Zea mays L.) as Affected by Time of Planting Maize in Makurdi, Nigeria

ISRN Agronomy ◽

10.5402/2012/485810 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. O. Ijoyah ◽

D. M. Dzer

Keyword(s):

Field Experiments ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Unit Area ◽

Block Design ◽

Competitive Pressure ◽

Planting Dates ◽

Yield Performance ◽

Land Equivalent Ratio ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Cropping Seasons

Field experiments were conducted from June to October during 2010 and 2011 cropping seasons at the Research Farm, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria, to evaluate the yield performance of okra-maize mixture as affected by time of planting maize. The experiment consisted of three maize planting dates (maize planted at the same time as okra in mid-June, maize planted 2 and 4 weeks later, respectively, in late June and early July) to okra plots. Monocropped okra and maize constituted the control plots. The five treatments were replicated four times in a randomized complete block design. The results obtained showed that the greatest intercrop yield of okra was obtained when maize was planted 4 weeks later (in early July), while the greatest intercrop yield of maize was produced when planted at the same time as okra in mid-June. Planting okra and maize at the same time in mid-June not only recorded the lowest competitive pressure, but also gave the highest land equivalent ratio (LER) values of 1.78 and 1.75, respectively, in years 2010 and 2011, indicating that greater productivity per unit area was achieved by growing the two crops together than by growing them separately. With these LER values, 43.8% and 42.9% of land were saved, respectively, in 2010 and 2011. Both crops were found most suitable in mixture when planting was done at the same time in mid-June. This should be recommended for Makurdi location, Nigeria.

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GROWTH AND YIELD RESPONSES OF TOMATO (LYCOPERSICON ESCULENTUM MILL.) UNDER DIFFERENT COMBINATIONS OF PLANTING TIMES AND FERTILIZERS

Reviews In Food And Agriculture ◽

10.26480/rfna.02.2020.74.81 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 74-81

Author(s):

Md. Eakub Ali ◽

Md. Rezaul Karim ◽

Fakhar Uddin Talukder ◽

Md. Sohanur Rahman

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Fruit Weight ◽

Planting Date ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Fertilizer Management ◽

Planting Dates ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Two Factors ◽

Yield Responses ◽

Different Doses

This experiment was conducted to study the influence of planting date and fertilizer management on the growth and yield of tomato cv Ratan. The experiment consisted of two factors; Factor A: three planting dates, viz. 20 October, 5 November, 20 November and Factor B: four different doses of fertilizer, viz., control; 100 kg urea + 75 kg TSP + 100 kg MOP/ha; 200 kg urea + 150 kg TSP + 200 kg MOP/ha and 300 kg urea +225 kg TSP + 300 kg MOP/ha were used in 12 treatment combinations. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications. Combined effects of planting date and fertilizer management exhibited significant variation on plant height at 30 DAT, 45 DAT, and 60 DAT, number of flowers per plant, number of mature fruits per plant, fruit diameter, weight of individual fruit, weight of fruits per plant, fruit yield per plot and fruit per hectare. The highest fruit yields per plot (23.94 kg) as well as per hectare (73.89 t) were achieved from the treatment combination of planting at 5 November with 200 kg urea + 150 kg TSP + 200 kg MOP/ha.

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Effect of Plant Spacing on the Growth and Yield of Rainfed Rice (Oryza Sativa) in the Bimodal Rain Forest Zone of Cameroon

Journal of Agriculture and Crops ◽

10.32861/jac.72.48.59 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 48-59

Author(s):

Melie Feyem Marie-Noel ◽

Bell Martin Joseph ◽

Tanzi Liliane ◽

Foncha Felix ◽

Malaa Dorothy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Density ◽

Agricultural Research ◽

Block Design ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Forest Zone ◽

Yield Increase ◽

Rainfed Rice ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Cropping Seasons ◽

Number Of Seeds

A study was carried out on plant density at the experimental field of the Institute of Agricultural Research for Development (IRAD) Nkolbisson, Yaoundé to determine the appropriate spacing to improve rainfed rice production in the bimodal rainfall forest zone of Cameroon. The experiment was conducted during the main cropping seasons of 2017 and 2018. The planting spacing used were 15cm x 15cm, 20cm x 20cm, 25cm x 25cm and 30cm x 30cm giving the plant populations of 444444, 250000, 160,000 and 111,111 plants / ha respectively using two varieties (Nerica 3 and Nerica 8). The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Significant differences were observed in the growth and yield across the years. Treatments were highly significant concerning the number of days to the appearance of the first flower, the number of days to 50% flowering, and the number of days to 50 % maturity. Plants were taller with more tillers and gave higher yields in 2017 than those of 2018. The spacing significantly affected the plant height, number of tillers, and panicle length for both varieties. The interaction of spacing and variety was significant for the number of tillers per m2 and the number of seeds per panicle, however, it was not for the weight of 1000 grains and the percentage of full bales. The yield components determining yield increase were the number of panicles / m2 and the number of seeds/panicles. Nerica 3 variety gave higher yields compared to the Nerica 8, the closer the spacing, the higher the yield. There were a strong significance and positive correlation between yield, number of panicles, and the number of grain per panicle. The spacing that gives the highest number of panicle per m2 was 15 cm X 15 cm and this spacing gave good yield in the region where the study was carried out.

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Effect of Planting Dates on Growth and Yield of Four Cultivars of Wheat

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/923/1/012064 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 923 (1) ◽

pp. 012064

Author(s):

Mahmood T. Al-Jayashi ◽

Ali A.S. Hawal ◽

Alyaa Muayad Adham

Keyword(s):

Field Experiment ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Flag Leaf ◽

Block Design ◽

Planting Date ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Research Station ◽

Planting Dates ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Experiment Method

Abstract A field experiment was applied at the research station in Al-Najmi district, Al-Muthanna governorate during the agricultural season 2020-2021, to determine evaluating several cultivars of wheat by changing the date of their cultivation. The experiment was applied using the split plot using the Randomized complete Block Design(RCBD) with three replicates experiment method, where the planting dates were occupied (1/11, 15/11, 1/12 and 12/15) the main plots, while the cultivars (Baghdad, Furat, Rashid, and Wafia) occupied the secondary plots and with three replicates. The results showed that the planting date (1/12) was superior to the number of days up to 75% of flowering, the number of spikes. m−2, and the grain yield ton. ha−1, which amounted to 109 days, 409.9 spikes and 5.77 tons, respectively. While the planting date (15/11) exceeded in both characteristics the leaf area and the number of grains in the spike, as it reached 46.18 cm and 49.78 grains. As for the cultivaries, the Baghdad cultivar surpassed in the characteristics of the area of the flag leaf, the number of fertile spikes, the number of grains per spike, and the grain yield, which reached 44.70 cm, 395.7 spikes.m−2, 48.38 grains, spike−1 and 6.16 tons.ha−1, respectively.

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Effect of Bio and Organic Fertilizers on Pumpkin's (Cucurbita pepo L.) Leave Content of N, P, and K

Al-Qadisiyah Journal For Agriculture Sciences (QJAS) (P-ISSN 2077-5822 E-ISSN 2617-1479) ◽

10.33794/qjas.vol10.iss1.104 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 241-245

Author(s):

Ammar Hameed Madi ◽

Jawad A. Kamal Al-Shibani

Keyword(s):

Cucurbita Pepo ◽

Sandy Loam ◽

Block Design ◽

Organic Fertilizers ◽

Flowering Stage ◽

College Of Agriculture ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Loam Soil ◽

Four Levels

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of bacterial bio-fertilization A. chroococcum and P. putide and four levels of compost (0, 1, 2, 3) tons.h-1 on the leaves content of N.P.K elements. The experiment was carried out in one of the greenhouses of the College of Agriculture - University of Al-Qadisiyah during fall season 2018-2019. It designed in accordance with the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replicates in sandy loam soil. The means of treatments were compared with the least significant difference (LSD) at (5)% probability level. The results present that the treatments of A. chroococcum, P. putide and compost at (3) tons.kg-1 significantly increases the leaves content of K.P.K compared to all other treatments in the flowering stage (4.970, 0.5000, and 4.930) mg.kg-1, respectively. This treatment was followed by the effect of the treatment of A. chroococcum and compost at (3) tons.kg-1, which increases the values of all traits except the leaf content of (P). Bio-fertilizer with P. putide + A. chroococcum significantly increases the leaves' content of P.

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Seed Yam Production Using High-Quality Minitubers Derived from Plants Established with Vine Cuttings

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11050978 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 978

Author(s):

Beatrice Aighewi ◽

Norbert Maroya ◽

Lava Kumar ◽

Morufat Balogun ◽

Daniel Aihebhoria ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Research Station ◽

International Institute ◽

Tropical Agriculture ◽

Single Node ◽

Cropping Season ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

The World ◽

Cropping Seasons ◽

Set Up

Yam (Dioscorea spp.) is a valuable food security crop in West Africa, where 92% of the world production occurs. The availability of quality seed tubers for increased productivity is a major challenge. In this study, minitubers weighing 1, 3, and 5 g produced from virus-free single-node vine cuttings of two improved yam varieties (Asiedu and Kpamyo) growing in an aeroponics system were assessed for suitability in seed production at a population of 100,000 plants ha−1. A 3 × 2 factorial experiment with randomized complete block design and three replications was set up during the cropping seasons of 2017 to 2019 at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture Research Station in Kubwa, Abuja, Nigeria. Results showed field establishments of 87%–97.8%. Yields differed with minituber size, variety, and cropping season; the highest was 31.2 t ha−1 in 2019 and the lowest, 10 t ha−1 in 2018 from 5 and 1 g Kpamyo minitubers, respectively. The estimated number of tubers produced per hectare by 1, 3, and 5 g minitubers was 101,296, 112,592, and 130,555, with mean weights per stand of 159.2, 187.3, and 249.4 g, respectively. We recommend using less than 6 g minitubers for seed yam production due to their high multiplication rates.

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Hill drop sowing of soybean with different number of plants per hole

Ciência Rural ◽

10.1590/0103-8478cr20170389 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 48 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Esmael Lopes dos Santos ◽

Victor José Agassi ◽

Alessandro Sartor Chicowski ◽

Julio Cezar Franchini ◽

Henrique Debiasi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Density ◽

Block Design ◽

Agronomic Performance ◽

Soybean Cultivars ◽

Lack Of Information ◽

Cropping Season ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Cropping Seasons

ABSTRACT: In the last few cropping seasons, some soybean producers have tested the application of a hill drop sowing method, usually from three to four seeds every 30 to 40cm. However, there is a lack of information in the literature about the effect of this practice on soybean performance. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of a hill drop sowing with different number of plants per hole on soybean performance. The study was conducted in Londrina - PR, Brazil, during the 2013/14, 2014/15 and 2016/17 cropping seasons. The experiment was a randomized complete block design with four replications and a 2x5 factorial scheme. The first factor consisted of two soybean cultivars, BRS 359RR and NK 7059RR analyzed in the first two cropping seasons and BRS 359RR and BRS 1010IPRO in the last cropping season. The second factor was constituted by five in-hill hole-spacing treatments (HS) (8, 16, 24, 32 and 40cm), with rows spaced 50cm apart. To maintain the same plant density in all treatments (270,000 plants ha-1), sowing was performed manually, being then thinned out. After thinning, the distribution was one plant per hole at HS8, 2 plants at HS16, 3 plants at HS24, 4 plants at HS32, and 5 plants at HS40. The agronomic performance of soybean in hill drop sowing with different number of plants per hole is similar to that of an equidistant distribution of plants.

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Response of two sunflower hybrids to planting dates and densities

Acta Agronomica Hungarica ◽

10.1556/aagr.51.2003.1.4 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 51 (1) ◽

pp. 25-35 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

A. Y. Allam ◽

G. R. El-Nagar ◽

A. H. Galal

Keyword(s):

Seed Yield ◽

Significant Influence ◽

Plant Density ◽

Growth Traits ◽

Sowing Date ◽

Planting Date ◽

Oil Yield ◽

Planting Density ◽

Planting Dates ◽

Head Diameter

This investigation was carried out at the Experimental Farm of Assiut University during the summers of 2000 and 2001 to study the responses of two sunflower hybrids (Vidoc and Euroflora) to planting dates (May 1st, June 1st and July 1st) and planting densities (55,533, 83,300 and 166,600 plants/ha). The results indicated that the two varieties differed highly significantly in all studied traits except oil yield/ha. The highest seed yield (3.64 t/ha) was obtained with the variety Vidoc. In addition, the results revealed that the planting date exerted a highly significant influence on all vegetative growth traits along with yield and its components. Increasing plant density increased the seed and oil yield/ha. By contrast, the stem diameter, head diameter, 100-seed weight and seed yield/plant decreased with increasing plant density. The interaction between varieties and plant density had a highly significant effect on head diameter. The greatest head diameter (20.06 cm) was recorded for the variety Vidoc planted at lower density. Concerning the interaction between planting density and planting date, the highest seed yield (4.47 t/ha) was obtained from dense plants at the early sowing date, and the highest oil % (45.32) at the late planting date and the lowest plant density. The second order interaction exerted a highly significant influence on stem and head diameter in addition to seed yield/plant, where the highest value (78.13 g/plant) was obtained with the variety Vidoc planted on May 1st at the lowest plant density.

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