scholarly journals Evaluation of erodibility indices and soil properties affected by land-use types in Mbano, south-east Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 361-373
Author(s):  
Donald Osujieke ◽  
Bernardine Aririguzo ◽  
Chioma Ahukaemere
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Clay Dispersion ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Dispersion Ratio ◽  
Composite Samples

Soil erosion has been at the forefront of the degradation of soils under different land-use types in southeast Nigeria. Hence, this research aimed to determine the erodibility of the soils under different land-use types in Mbano. The four land-use types selected were oil palm plantation (OP), cassava farm (CF), pineapple orchard (PO) and plantain plantation (PP). However, clay dispersion ratio (CDR), clay dispersion index (CDI) and clay flocculation index (CFI) were the erodibility indices used. A total of 5 composite samples were collected randomly from each type of the land-uses at a depth of 0-20 cm using the free survey. The samples were subjected to laboratory analysis. Data generated were analyzed statistically using a completely randomized design of analyses of variance (ANOVA) and correlation. CDR had an increasing order of 47.9% <48.16% <51.49% <56.24% for soils under CF, PP, PO and OP, while CDI had 36.44%, 29.06%, 40.96% and 49.04% for soils under OP, CF, PO and PP land uses. CFI had 63.62%, 71.24%, 59.14% and 50.96% for soils under OP, CF, PO and PP, respectively. The ANOVA indicated that studied erodibility indices had no significant difference (p=0.05) among the soils under the different land-uses. The research will unite farmers and other land-users in adopting only good conservation practices that will aid the sustainability of the area.

scholarly journals Soil quality evaluation under different land use types in Kersa sub-watershed, eastern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yared Mulat ◽  
Kibebew Kibret ◽  
Bobe Bedadi ◽  
Muktar Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Grazing Land ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Eastern Ethiopia ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background Soil quality, which can be inferred using indicators that interact synergistically, is affected by land use types and agricultural management practices. This study assessed the status of soil quality under three adjacent land uses (cultivated, grazing, and fallow) in Kersa subwatershed (622 ha). Soil samples were collected from the surface soil (0–20 cm depth) of the identified land uses with three replications and the soil quality parameters were analyzed. A minimum data set of soil quality indicators were selected from physical, chemical, and biological parameters using the literature review and expert opinion method. Linear scoring functions were used to give the unitless scores for the selected data sets, which were then integrated into a soil quality index (SQI). Results The results revealed that bulk density, aggregate stability, pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), available P, and soil organic carbon (SOC) had a significant difference in SQI among the different land uses. The soil quality indices were 0.69 for grazing land, 0.62 for cultivated land, and 0.59 for the fallow land. The SQI of all the land uses falls in the intermediate soil quality (0.55 < SQI < 0.70) class. Conclusion In almost all the quality indicators assessed, the grazing land was superior to the cultivated and fallow lands. Therefore, implementing management practices that enhance soil quality like organic matter-controlled systems is imperative for sustainable agricultural production in the study area.

scholarly journals Soil Quality Evaluation Under Different Land Use Types in Kersa Sub-watershed, Eastern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yared Mulat Tefera ◽  
kibebew Kibret Tehaye ◽  
Bobe Bobe Bedadi ◽  
Muktar Mohammed Kedir
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Grazing Land ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Eastern Ethiopia ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background: Soil quality, which can be inferred using indicators that interact synergistically, is affected by land use types and agricultural management practices. This study assessed the status of soil quality under three adjacent land uses (cultivated, grazing, and fallow) in Kersa subwatershed (622 ha). Soil samples were collected from the surface soil (0-20 cm depth) of the identified land uses with three replications and the soil quality parameters were analyzed. A minimum data set of soil quality indicators were selected from physical, chemical, and biological parameters using the literature review and expert opinion method. Linear scoring functions were used to give the unitless scores for the selected data sets, which were then integrated into a soil quality index (SQI).Results: The results revealed that bulk density, aggregate stability, pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), available P, and soil organic carbon (SOC) had a significant difference in SQI among the different land uses. The soil quality indices were 0.69 for grazing land, 0.62 for cultivated land, and 0.59 for the fallow land. The SQI of all the land uses falls in the intermediate soil quality (0.55 < SQI < 0.70) class.Conclusion: In almost all the quality indicators assessed, the grazing land was superior to the cultivated and fallow lands. Therefore, implementing management practices that enhance soil quality like organic matter-controlled systems is imperative for sustainable agricultural production in the study area.

scholarly journals Soil Quality Evaluation Under Different Land Use Types in Kersa Sub-watershed, Eastern Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yared Mulat Tefera ◽  
kibebew Kibret Tehaye ◽  
Bobe Bobe Bedadi ◽  
Muktar Mohammed Kedir
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Grazing Land ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Eastern Ethiopia ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background:soil quality, which can be inferred using indicators that interact synergistically, is affected by land use types and agricultural management practices. This study assessed the status of soil quality under three adjacent land uses (cultivated, grazing, and fallow) in Kersa sub watershed (622 ha). Soil samples were collected from the surface soil (0-20 cm depth) of the identified land uses with three replications and the soil quality parameters were analysed. A minimum data set of soil quality indicators were selected from physical, chemical, and biological parameters using the literature review and expert opinion method. Linear scoring functions were used to give unit less score for the selected data sets, which were then integrated into a soil quality index (SQI).Results:The results revealed that bulk density, aggregate stability, pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), available P, and soil organic carbon(SOC) had a significant difference in SQI among the different land uses. The soil quality indices were 0.69 for grazing land, 0.62 for cultivated land, and 0.59 for the fallow land. The SQI of all the land uses fall in the intermediate soil quality (0.55 < SQI < 0.70) class.Conclusion:In almost all the quality indicators assessed, the grazing land was superior to the cultivated and fallow lands. Therefore, implementing management practices that enhance soil quality is imperative for sustainable agricultural production in the study area.

Effect of planting date and density on calendula and peppermint herbs

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
Rahim Mohammadian ◽  
Behnam Tahmasebpour ◽  
Peyvand Samimifar
Keyword(s):  
Mutual Effect ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Mass Reduction ◽  
Flower Number ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Total Maximum

A factorial experiment was conducted with a completely randomized design to evaluate the effects of planting date and density on calendula herbs and peppermint. It had 3 replicates and was done in Khosroshahr research farm, Tabriz in 2006. Under studied factors were: 3 planting dates (10 May, 25 May and 10 June) in 4 densities (25, 35, 45, 55) of the plant in square meters. The results of variance a nalysis showed that there was 1% probability significant difference between the effects of planting date and bush density on the leave number, bush height and the bush dry weight. But the mutual effect of the plant date in mentioned traits density was insignificant. Regarding the traits mean comparison, the total maximum dry weight was about the 55 bush density in mm. Also, the bush high density in mm causes the bush growth and its mass reduction. When there is the density grain, the flower number will increase due to bush grain in surface unit. Overall, we can conclude that 10 June planting and 45 bush density in mm is the most suitable items and results in favored production with high essence for these crops.

Aktivitas Antifungi Air Perasan Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) Terhadap Candida albicans Secara In Vitro

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Nurhasanah Nurhasanah ◽  
Fauzia Andrini ◽  
Yulis Hamidy
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Fungicidal Activity ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) has been known as traditional medicine. Shallot which has same genus with garlic(Allium sativum L.) contains allicin that is also found in garlic and has been suspected has fungicidal activity toCandida albicans. It is supported by several researches. Therefore, shallot is suspected has antifungal activity too.The aim of this research was to know antifungal activity of shallot’s water extortion againsts Candida albicans invitro. This was a laboratory experimental research which used completely randomized design, with diffusion method.Shallot’s water extortion was devided into three concentrations, there were 50%, 100% and 200%. Ketoconazole 2%was positive control and aquadest was negative control. The result of this research based on analysis of varians(Anova), there was significant difference between several treatments and was confirmed with Duncan New MultipleRange Test (DNMRT) p<0,05, there was significant difference between 100% shallot’s water extortion with othertreatments, but there was no significant difference between 50% shallot’s water extortion with 200% shallot’s. Theconclusion was shallot’s water extortion had antifungal activity againsts Candida albicans with the best concentration100%, but it was lower than ketoconazole 2%.

scholarly journals Land-Use Impact on Stand Structure and Fruit Yield of Tamarindus indica L. in the Drylands of Southeastern Ethiopia

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 408
Author(s):  
Gizachew Zeleke ◽  
Tatek Dejene ◽  
Wubalem Tadesse ◽  
Pablo Martín-Pinto
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Stand Structure ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Tree Density ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Tamarindus Indica ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Baseline Information

In this study, we evaluated stand status, dendrometric variables, and fruit production of Tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.) trees growing in bushland and farmland-use types in dryland areas of Ethiopia. The vegetation survey was conducted using the point-centered quarter method. The fruit yield of 54 trees was also evaluated. Tree density and fruit production in ha were estimated. There was a significant difference in Tamarind tree density between the two land-use types (p = 0.01). The mean fruit yield of farmland trees was significantly higher than that of bushland trees. However, Tamarind has unsustainable structure on farmlands. Differences in the dendrometric characteristics of trees were also observed between the two land-use types. Predictive models were selected for Tamarind fruit yield estimations in both land-use types. Although the majority of farmland trees produced <5000 fruit year−1, the selection of Tamarind germplasm in its natural ranges could improve production. Thus, the development of management plans to establish stands that have a more balanced diameter structure and thereby ensure continuity of the population and fruit yields is required in this area, particularly in the farmlands. This baseline information could assist elsewhere in areas that are facing similar challenges for the species due to land-use change.

scholarly journals Soil gross nitrogen transformations in forestland and cropland of Regosols

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Ren ◽  
Jinbo Zhang ◽  
Hamidou Bah ◽  
Christoph Müller ◽  
Zucong Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
Nitrification Rate ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Nitrogen Transformations ◽  
N Losses ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
N Transformations ◽  
Autotrophic Nitrification ◽  
Land Use Types

AbstractSoil gross nitrogen (N) transformations could be influenced by land use change, however, the differences in inherent N transformations between different land use soils are still not well understood under subtropical conditions. In this study, an 15N tracing experiment was applied to determine the influence of land uses on gross N transformations in Regosols, widely distributed soils in Southwest China. Soil samples were taken from the dominant land use types of forestland and cropland. In the cropland soils, the gross autotrophic nitrification rates (mean 14.54 ± 1.66 mg N kg−1 day−1) were significantly higher, while the gross NH4+ immobilization rates (mean 0.34 ± 0.10 mg N kg−1 day−1) were significantly lower than those in the forestland soils (mean 1.99 ± 0.56 and 6.67 ± 0.74 mg N kg−1 day−1, respectively). The gross NO3− immobilization and dissimilatory NO3− reduction to NH4+ (DNRA) rates were not significantly different between the forestland and cropland soils. In comparison to the forestland soils (mean 0.51 ± 0.24), the cropland soils had significantly lower NO3− retention capacities (mean 0.01 ± 0.01), indicating that the potential N losses in the cropland soils were higher. The correlation analysis demonstrated that soil gross autotrophic nitrification rate was negatively and gross NH4+ immobilization rate was positively related to the SOC content and C/N ratio. Therefore, effective measures should be taken to increase soil SOC content and C/N ratio to enhance soil N immobilization ability and NO3− retention capacity and thus reduce NO3− losses from the Regosols.

PENGARUH LAMA PEREBUSAN SIMPLISIA DAUN APAH (Albertisia papuana Becc.) YANG DIGUNAKAN SEBAGAI PENYEDAP MAKANAN OLEH MASYARAKAT KAB. TANA TIDUNG TERHADAP ANGKA CEMARAN MIKROBA

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Rosnah Rosnah ◽  
Medi Hendra ◽  
Eko Kusumawati
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Colony Growth ◽  
Dilution Series ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Boiling Process ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of long simplicia Apah’s leaves (Albertisia papuana Becc.) that’s used as a food’s flavoring by people of Kab. Tana Tidung against microbial contamination numbers. The design of research used a pattern completely randomized design (RAL), with a dilution series of samples 10-8, 10-9 and 10-10 and different boiling’s level (5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 minutes). The results obtained that the longer of boiling process is used, then the less the number of microbial contamination of colony growth. Average number of microbial contamination in samples in the boiling of 5 minutes is 92 x 1010 microbial colonies, in boiling 10 minutes is 87 x 1010 microbial colonies, in boiling 15 minutes is 56 x 1010 microbial colonies, in boiling 20 min is 44 x 1010 colonies of microbes and the boiling simplicia infuse for 25 minutes is 33 x 1010 colonies of microbes. Based of Analysis variance variety in each treatment showed that in boiling 20 minutes and 25 minutes showed real significant difference (p <0.05), but the boiling 5, 10 and 15 minutes there was no significant difference (P> 0.05). The results of the Anova, showed that in boiling treatment of simplicia Apah’s leaves (Albertisia papuana Becc.) significantly affects the growth of microbial colonies. Analysis of Least Significant Difference (LSD) at the level of 95%, the result that the effects of long boiling the simplicia Apah’s leaves (Albertisia papuana Becc.) which is used as a food flavoring by people of Kab. Tana Tidung, significant effect on the numbers of microbial contamination

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF SUGARCANE STRAW AND SOWING DEPTH ON THE EMERGENCE OF WEED SPECIES

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 405-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. V. SILVA ◽  
P. A. MONQUERO ◽  
F. B. SILVA ◽  
N. C. BEVILAQUA ◽  
M. R. MALARDO
Keyword(s):  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Sowing Depth ◽  
Sugarcane Straw ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Luffa Aegyptiaca

ABSTRACT This study aimed to understand the influence of sowing depth and the amount of sugarcane straw on the emergence of weed species Luffa aegyptiaca Miller (Cucurbitaceae); Mucuna aterrima Piper & Tracy (Fabaceae - Leguminosae) and Ricinus communis (Euphorbiaceae). A completely randomized design with a 5 x 4 x 3 factorial layout with four replications was used, at five sowing depths (0, 2, 4, 8 and 10 cm), four different amounts of sugarcane straw (0, 5, 10 and 15 t ha-1) and three different evaluation periods (7, 14 and 21 days after sowing). After sowing, different amounts of sugarcane straw (0, 5, 10 and 15 t ha-1) were deposited on soil. Seedling emergence was analyzed at 7, 14 and 21 days after sowing, counting the number of seedlings that had emerged. At the end of the trial, weed height (cm), leaf area (cm2) and shoot dry mass (g) were measured. In relation to emergence ability, studied species presented different responses according to sowing depth and to the amount of sugarcane straw deposited on the soil. For the L.aegyptiacaand M.aterrima, no significant difference was observed in the interaction between depth and sugarcane straw, showing the adaptation of these species to no-burn sugarcane system. For R.communis, seeds placed at 0 cm of sugar cane straw depth were observed to favor the emergence of seedlings.

scholarly journals Application of sorting dependent criterias in determination of volume and area bruising of “Golab-Kohanz” apple in Iran

Genetika ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Dadashpour
Keyword(s):  
Contact Surface ◽  
Surface Material ◽  
Drop Height ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Damage Criteria ◽  
Apple Fruits ◽  
Area And Volume

Apple fruits are subjected to different loading damage from harvesting to supermarket shelf. Bruising has been attracted many researchers as one of the most important damage criteria. In this research, the effects of some factors such as counter-face material, drop height and linear velocity of apples (conveyor speed) were investigated. Influence of these factors on bruising of ?Golab-Kohanz? variety was analyzed by a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with factorial test at three levels of drop height (10, 20 and 30 cm), conveyor speed (0.05, 0.1 and 0.15 ms- 1) and four counter-face materials (wood, steel, plastic and cardboard). Tests were conducted at three replications with 108 treatments. Analysis of variance results showed that the effects of drop height and counter-face material on bruising area at 1% level was significant while bruising volume only affected by contact surface material (P<0.01). Mean comparison test indicated that there was no significant difference among levels of conveyor speed on the area and volume bruising. Also, there was no significant difference among levels of drop height on volume bruising while it was significant on the area bruising. Steel and wooden material had no significant effect on the area and volume bruising but their differences with plastic and cardboard were significant. Therefore, drop height and counter-face material must be considered in designing the apple processing systems.

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