scholarly journals Mode of delivery and neurosonographic findings in premature infants

2007 ◽  
Vol 60 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 7-11
Author(s):  
Gordana Velisavljev-Filipovic
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Fetal Distress ◽  
Brain Scans ◽  
Premature Babies ◽  
Functional Immaturity ◽  
Grade Ii ◽  
Intraventricular Bleeding ◽  
Novi Sad

Introduction Fetal and preterm infant brain is especially vulnerable to hemorrhagic and ischemic damage at the end of the second and at the beginning of the third trimester. This is due to vascular, cellular and anatomic characteristics of the brain during development. In premature babies, there is a physiological instability and limited autoregulation of cerebral circulation. Hemorrhagic and ischemic damages often occur together, though pathophysiological processes leading to lesions are different. Material and methods The paper deals with a detailed analysis of 860 ultrasound brain scans of prematurely born children. The examinations were performed at the Ultrasound Department of the Institute of Child and Youth Health Care in Novi Sad. 707 vaginally born premature infants and 153 premature infants born by Cesarean section were examined. The bleeding was graded according to the Papile classification. Results and Discussion Out of 384 children with diagnosed grade I hemorrhage, 75 premature infants (19.5%) were born by Cesarean section. In the group of children with grade II hemorrhage, operative deliveries account for 14.7%. From the total of 85 children with grade III hemorrhage, (intraventricular bleeding with chamber dilatation), only 6 premature infants were born by Cesarean section (7%). Intra-parenchymal bleeding was diagnosed in a very small number of premature infants; 0.32% of all diagnosed hemorrhages were grade IV hemorrhages. In this group there were no children born by Cesarean section. The increase of hemorrhage grade is accompanied by a greater rate of pelvic presentation and manual assistance by Bracht. There were 240 prematurely born children with no echosonographically diagnosed hemorrhage, 38% of all examined premature infants. From this number, 13.3% of neonates were born by Cesarean section. Conclusion In the etiology of neonatal intracranial hemorrhage, especially prematurely born ones, apart from the trauma, which plays a major role, other factors are also important, above all fetal distress, perinatal hypoxia and functional immaturity of all organs.

scholarly journals Analysis of intracranial hemorrhage grade in preterm singleton pregnancies delivered vaginally or by cesarean section

2013 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sasa Ljustina ◽  
Ivana Berisavac ◽  
Milica Berisavac ◽  
Ljudmila Kovacevic-Vukolic ◽  
Vesna Velickovic-Aleksic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Perinatal Outcome ◽  
Intraventricular Hemorrhage ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Delivery Methods ◽  
Premature Babies ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Vertex Presentation ◽  
Singleton Pregnancies

Background/Aim. Preterm birth is the leading cause of neonatal mortality. Periventricular hemorrhage-intraventricular hemorrhage (PVH-IVH) remains a significant cause of both morbidity and mortality in infants prematurely born. The aim of the study was to evaluate the perinatal outcome regarding IVH of premature babies according to the mode of delivery. Methods. A total of 126 women in preterm singleton pregnancies with vertex presentation and 126 neonates weighted from 750 g to 1,500 g at birth were enrolled. The outcomes of 64 neonates born vaginally were compared to 62 neonates born by cesarean section. Results. There was no significant difference in the incidence of IVH among both groups. Conclusion. Our data is consistent with the hypothesis that the mode of delivery does not influence IVH and consenquently perinatal outcome in preterm neonates.

scholarly journals Prelabour Rupture of Membranes: Mode of Delivery and Outcome

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vlora Ademi Ibishi ◽  
Rozalinda Dusan Isjanovska
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Neonatal Morbidity ◽  
Fetal Distress ◽  
Maternal Complications ◽  
Cephalopelvic Disproportion ◽  
Cesarean Section Delivery ◽  
Clinical Center ◽  
Failed Induction ◽  
The University

BACKGROUND: Pre-labour Rupture of Membranes (PROM) is an important cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and increased rate of cesarean section delivery. AIM: The aim of this study is to investigate the clinical characteristics, PROM-delivery interval, mode of delivery, and early maternal neonatal outcome among pregnant patients presenting with pre-labour rupture of membranes.MATERIAL AND METHODS: This prospective case control study is implemented at the Obstetric and Gynecology Clinic of the University Clinical Center of Kosovo. The study included 100 pregnant patients presenting with prelabour rupture of membranes of which 63 were primigravida and 37 patients were multigravida.RESULTS: The incidence of cesarean section in this study is 28 % and the most common indications for cesarean delivery were fetal distress, malpresentation, cephalopelvic disproportion, and failed induction. The most common maternal complications in this study are chorioamnionitis, retained placenta and postpartum hemorrhage. Neonatal infectious morbidity was present in 16 % of cases.CONCLUSION: PROM is a significant issue for obstetricians and an important cause of maternal and neonatal morbidity and increased rate of cesarean section delivery.

EFFECT OF HBA1C LEVEL ON MODE OF DELIVERY

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 781-784
Author(s):  
SAIMA PERVEEN ◽  
PARVEEN NAVEED ◽  
NAZISH HAYAT ◽  
NADIA RASHID
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Fetal Distress ◽  
Dominant Mode ◽  
Normal Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Sugar Levels

BACKGROUND: Perinatal outcome is related to the onset and duration of glucose intolerance. Theobjective of the study is to determine the effect of HbAlc on mode of delivery in Obs/Gynea departmentof Saidu Teaching Hospital, Swat.MATERIAL AND METHODS: This observational & descriptive study was carried out in theDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Saidu Teaching Hospital, Swat, from 1st March 2015 to29th Feb 2016. Total 313 pregnant women were included in the study, who had Gestational Diabetes orEstablished Diabetes.Detail history was taken regarding maternal age in years, gestational age in weeks.Abdominal examination was done for lie and presenting part of the fetus, and vaginal examination wereperformed. These patients were followed till the end of labour and their mode of delivery i-e; normalvaginal delivery, instrumental delivery or cesarean section was recorded. Maternal HbAlc level wasdone at the time of delivery and was categorized as Mild (< 6.5), Moderate (6.5-9) and severe (>9).Maternal HbAlc was measured in hospital laboratory. The numerical variables of mean HbAlc,maternal age in years and gestational age in weeks were analyzed by mean ± SD (range). Categoricalvariables like; grades of severity of HbAlc levels and frequency of modes of delivery were analyzed byfrequency (number) and relative frequency (percentages). SPSS 20 (SPSS Inc. Chicago, Illnios, USA)was used to analyze the data.RESULTS:The total number of patients was 313. Mean age of the study population was 27.85 ± 6.37(43 - 15) (95% Cl 28.39 - 27.30). The mean age of gestational amenorrhea, at which most of thepatients presented was 38.31 ± 3.02, ranging from 41 to 29, (95%CI 38.57 - 38.5). The meanglycosylated Hemoglobin (HbAlc) was 6.9 ± 1.69 (95% Cl 6.17 - 5.88). Majority of the patients hadpoorly controlled diabetes, i-e: 64%. In different levels of HbAlc levels, normal vaginal delivery wasthe pre dominant mode of delivery.CONCLUSION:^ patients with uncontrolled diabetes the rate of complications increased and so doesthe rate of macrosomia and fetal distress, leading to higher rate of cesarean section and instrumentaldelivery, so by strict control of the blood sugar levels in a diabetic patient one can reduce the risk ofoperative deliveries and complications.KEY WORDS:Hbalc levels, Mode of delivery, cesarean section

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN OXYTOCIN AND PROSTAGLANDIN IN INDUCTION OF DELIVERY IN POST TERM PREGNANCY

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bushra Hashim Hameed ◽  
Walaa Abdulameer Mahdi ◽  
Suhad Abbas Jasim
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Fetal Distress ◽  
Uterine Contractility ◽  
Emergency Cesarean ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Uterine Hyperstimulation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Vaginal Misoprostol ◽  
Post Term Pregnancy

Induction of delivery using medication can be performed by stimulating uterine contractility for establishing delivery prior to the start of spontaneous labor. Two most common ecbolic are Oxytocin and prostaglandins analogues (PGs) e.g. misoprostol. The study aims to compare between the effects of oxytocin & misoprostol in ripening of the cervix and induction of delivery in postdate pregnancy. Results show that the induction delivery period mean was significantly higher when using misoprostol than when using oxytocin. No significantly different results between the both groups regarding uterine hyperstimulation. No significantly different results between the both groups regarding postpartum hemorrhage. No significantly different results between the both groups regarding the mode of delivery. No significantly different results between the both groups regarding Cesarean section indication. No significantly different results between the both groups regarding the mean of Apgar score at 1 and 5 minutes. No significantly different results between the both groups regarding meconium aspiration. No significantly different results between the both groups regarding emergency Cesarean section rate due to fetal distress (pathological fetal heart rates) between the two groups. There was no significant difference between the two groups as regards the neonatal admission to the intensive care unit (N.I.C.U). It is concluded that Usage of both IV oxytocin 5 mIU/minute & vaginal misoprostol 25 µg is safe to induce delivery. It is preferable to use IV oxytocin 5 mIU/minute if the time factor is considered. Keywords: oxytocin, prostaglandin, induction of delivery, postdate pregnancy

scholarly journals PREVIOUS LOWER SEGMENT CESAREAN SECTION;

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (08) ◽  
pp. 1199-1202
Author(s):  
Sobia Tabassum ◽  
Arshia Sabir ◽  
Hafiz Muhammad Anwar Ul Haq ◽  
Hafiz M Ejaz Ul Haq
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Fetal Distress ◽  
Lower Segment ◽  
Common Indication ◽  
Lower Segment Cesarean Section ◽  
Study Setting ◽  
Previous Cesarean

Objectives: To find out safe mode of delivery for patients with previous lowersegment Cesarean Section. Study Design: Descriptive analytical study. Setting: Departmentof Obs and Gynae, Civil Hospital, Bahawalpur. Period: From June 2017 to November 2017.Material and Methods: 200 women with previous lower segment Cesarean section. Womenscheduled for trial of scar were closely observed for evidence of either maternal or fetal distress.Results: Out of 200 patients, 54 (27%) delivered vaginally. Most common indication for repeatCesarean was previous Cesarean followed by CPD & Fetal distress. Conclusion: Properlyselected cases of previous one Cesarean section, the chances of having a successful vaginaldelivery could be as high as 63%.

scholarly journals Puerperal Complications in a Tertiary Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 329-333
Author(s):  
Hima Rijal ◽  
Suvana Maskey
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Fetal Distress ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Emergency Cesarean Section ◽  
Emergency Cesarean

Postnatal period is considered as an important part in reproductive life of women. Even though the antenatal phase and labour are utmost important, puerperal phase of pregnancy cannot be overlooked. Puerperal complication can sometime lead to diabilities for lifelong of women. For the prevention of postnatal complication, antenatal prepadareness is needed. The objective of this study was to find out the incidence of puerperal complications and associated risk factors. This is a retrospective, descriptive study conducted at Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology from April 2019 to March 2020. The cases of puerperal complications were noted from the record book from ward. The individual files were collected from record section. Data was collected from record files and analysed. Total number of deliveries were 4932 in one year. Out of which, 84 cases (1.7%) were admitted due to various puerperal complications. Majority of the women admitted with puerperal complications were between 21-29 years, 59.5%. Sixty-four percent (n=54) were primipara and 35.7%(n=30) were multipara. Seventy-six (90.5%) were term deliveries, 6(7%) were preterm and 2(2.4%) were post term deliveries. Sixty-two (74%) had emergency cesarean section as mode of delivery. Major indication of emergency cesarean section was fetal distress (29.8%, n=25). Surgical site infection (53/84,63%) was the commonest puerperal complication followed by puerperal sepsis (8/84,9.5%). Fifty- three cases of surgical site infection (SSI) were observed in patients who had undergone emergency cesarean section. Associated medical condition like hypertension, diabeties, anemia, obesity was seen in 33.5% (n=33) of the cases. Surgical Site Infection is the most common puerperal complication and commonly seen in women who had undergone emergency cesarean section.

scholarly journals Women’s empowerment and elective cesarean section for a single pregnancy: a population-based and multivariate study in Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Myriam de Loenzien ◽  
Quoc Nhu Hung Mac ◽  
Alexandre Dumont
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Women's Empowerment ◽  
Women’S Empowerment ◽  
Elective Cesarean Section ◽  
Multiparous Women ◽  
Elective Cesarean ◽  
Primiparous Women

Abstract Background Women’s empowerment, and maternal and neonatal health are important targets of the Sustainable Development Goals. Our objective is to examine the relationship between women’s empowerment and elective cesarean section (ECS), focusing on Vietnam, a country where the use of CS has increased rapidly in recent decades, which raises public health concerns. Methods We hypothesized that in the context of the developing biomedicalization of childbirth, women’s empowerment increases the use of ECS due to a woman’s enhanced ability to decide her mode of delivery. By using microdata from the 2013–2014 Multiple Indicator Clusters Survey, we conducted a multivariate analysis of the correlates of ECS. We studied a representative sample of 1343 institutional single birth deliveries. Due to higher ECS rates among multiparous (18.4%) than primiparous women (10.1%) and the potential interaction between parity and other correlates, we used separate models for primiparous and multiparous women. Results Among the indicators of women’s external resources, which include a higher level of education, having worked during the previous 12 months, and having one’s own mobile phone, only education differed between primiparous and multiparous women, with a higher level among primiparous women. Among primiparous women, no resource indicator was significantly linked to ECS. However, considering women’s empowerment facilitated the identification of the negative impact of having had fewer than 3 antenatal care visits on the use of ECS. Among multiparous women, disapproval of intimate partner violence (IPV) was associated with a doubled likelihood of undergoing ECS (odds ratio = 2.415), and living in an urban area also doubled the likelihood of ECS. The positive association with living in the richest household quintile was no longer significant when attitude towards IPV was included in the model. In both groups, being aged 35 or older increased the likelihood of undergoing ECS, and this impact was stronger in primiparous women. Conclusions These results underline the multidimensionality of empowerment, its links to other correlates and its contribution to clarifying the influence of these correlates, particularly for distinguishing between medical and sociocultural determinants. The results advocate for the integration of women's empowerment into policies aimed at reducing ECS rates.

PREGNANEDIOL EXCRETION IN THE URINE OF NEWBORN MALE INFANTS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1956 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 877-881
Author(s):  
Charles C. Roby ◽  
William B. Ober ◽  
James E. Drorbaugh
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Diabetic Mothers

Pregnanediol is found in small quantities in the urine of newborn male infants. It disappears from the urine progressively during the first week of life. The smallest amounts of pregnanediol were found in urines of premature infants born to normal mothers. Considerably higher amounts were found in term infants and in premature infants delivered by cesarean section to diabetic mothers treated with progesterone and stilbestrol throughout pregnancy. The difference between premature infants born to normal mothers and premature infants born to progesterone-treated diabetic mothers is interpreted as indicating that parenterally administered progesterone may, under certain circumstances, cross the placental membrane. Evidence that progesterone is elaborated by the fetus, possibly in the adrenal cortex, is discussed, and the hypothesis offered that the placenta may permit the passage of progesterone in either direction.

THE RELATIONSHIP OF AMNIOTIC FLUID VISCOSITY TO RESPIRATORY DISTRESS IN LAMBS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 858-864
Author(s):  
Arthur J. Moss ◽  
Ovidio Rettori ◽  
Norman S. Simmons
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Fetal Distress ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Fluid Viscosity ◽  
Lung Expansion ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Length Of Gestation

The viscosity of amniotic fluid was measured in 52 ewes and the results correlated with the postnatal course of the lambs delivered by cesarean section. Viscosity was not related to length of gestation or to the immediate prepartum condition of the ewe, but a definite relationship was found between amniotic fluid viscosity (AFV) and the postnatal course of the fetus. Of 22 lambs considered viable, 9 failed to survive. In 10 of the 13 survivors, AFV was less than 1.6; whereas in the nonsurvivors, AFV varied between 1.6 and 4.4. All of the nonsurvivors experienced respiratory difficulty associated with copious amounts of extremely viscous secretions in the mouth and oropharynx. The substance responsible for the high AFV was a mucoprotein and was detectable in all samples with a viscosity of 1.24 or more but in none with a viscosity below 1.24. The data suggest the possibility that fetal distress may induce qualitative or quantitative alterations of fetal mucous secretions in utero which subsequently could impede lung expansion at birth.

EARLY FEEDING OF DEXTROSE AND SALINE SOLUTION TO PREMATURE INFANTS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1960 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 756-761
Author(s):  
William Allen Bauman
Keyword(s):  
Premature Infants ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Early Feeding ◽  
Premature Babies ◽  
Hyaline Membranes ◽  
Average Intake ◽  
Feeding Trials ◽  
Physiologic Responses

Conflicting opinions concerning the optimum age at which to commence feeding premature infants have resulted in either early or late regimens. In order to test the hypothesis that the early administration of fluids to premature babies was beneficial, a controlled study of 50 newborn premature subjects was undertaken. Fluids consisting of 5% dextrose in 0.45% saline were started before the age of 6 hours by constant drip through a nasogastric plastic catheter in 24 subjects selected by a predesigned method using a table of random permutations. The average intake during the test period was 54.5 ml/kg/24 hours. The other 26 control subjects received no fluids until age 36 hours, when both groups were started on formula. There was no alteration of symptoms of respiratory distress in the group receiving early feedings. One-half of these subjects did not lose weight while being fed the dextrose and saline solution. They promptly lost weight, however, when regular milk feedings were commenced. The seven infants who died had similar pathologic findings. It was noted that three of the five in the fluid treated group also had pulmonary hyaline membranes. There were no hyaline membranes in the lungs of the two subjects deprived of water. From this study neither beneficial nor detrimental effects of early feeding could be demonstrated by use of the criteria of dyspnea or mortality. The question of when to start to feed premature babies is still unanswered. There is need for further feeding trials, in which associations among age of commencement, nature of substances fed and the consequent physiologic responses, can be observed.

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