scholarly journals Histological changes in periodontal tissue caused by the application of citric acid in the treatment of periodontal disease

2007 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 211-223
Author(s):  
Ruzica Nedeljkovic ◽  
Petar Bojic ◽  
Obrad Zelic
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Periodontal Tissue ◽  
Full Width ◽  
Tooth Surfaces ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Exposed Root

Introduction: Surface conditioning of teeth with periodontal disease in the surgical treatment of periodontal disease has an important role in the reparation of periodontal tissue. The aim of this study was to evaluate histologically the effect of citric acid on the induction of connective tissue attachment, i.e. cementogenesis and the resorption of cementum and dentin after flap reposition on the exposed tooth surfaces. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 12 "White Landras" pigs, 6 male and 6 female, with deciduous dentition. The "split mouth" technique was used for more adequate assessment and comparison of data. Exposed surfaces of the upper left canine were treated with laterally positioned flap (LPF) and their counterparts with free gingival graft (FGG). The recipient site was prepared by tissue excision and the tooth surface was prepared using hand instruments. The donor site for LPF was the edentulous region lateral to the treated tooth, where the full width flap was lifted to completely cover the exposed root surface over the enamel-cementum junction. In the experimental group, a fresh solution of citric acid (pH=1) was applied for 3-5 min with a sterile cotton pellet prior to the flap reposition. The tooth was rinsed with saline and the wound was sutured with single sutures. In the control group, the identical surgical treatment was performed but without citric acid. FGG, i.e. half width flap taken from the edentulous region lateral to the treated teeth, was used to cover the exposed tooth surfaces. Prior to FGG positioning in the experimental group, citric acid was applied in the same manner as in animals treated with LPF. The graft covered the exposed root surface. Fixation was done with single sutures and the wound was additionally preserved with surgical dressing. The control group was treated without citric acid. The animals were sacrificed eight weeks after the treatment. The material was prepared in a routine manner for histological sampling under light microscopy. After 10% formalin fixation, the material was decalcified for 7-10 days. Paraffin molds were cut in 5 ?m thick slices which were stained with haematoxylin eosin (HE), Masson-Trichrome and Paf-Hallmi. Periodontal tissue status in experimental animals was analyzed under the light microscope. Results: Citric acid applied on the exposed tooth surface during the flap surgery had a positive effect on cementogenesis. Cementoblasts were observed along root cementum in thick rows. Newly formed cementum was hyperplastic, with regular laminar structure and more evident on animal models treated with full width flap. No damage of odontoblasts or pulpal connective tissue was observed.

scholarly journals Susceptibility of Enamel to Initial Erosion in Relation to Tooth Type, Tooth Surface and Enamel Depth

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago S. Carvalho ◽  
A. Lussi
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Initial Surface ◽  
Surface Microhardness ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Acid Ph ◽  
Tooth Type ◽  
And Control ◽  
Lower Slope ◽  
Experimental Group

This study aimed at assessing the susceptibility of different tooth types (molar/premolar), surfaces (buccal/lingual) and enamel depths (100, 200, 400 and 600 µm) to initial erosion measured by surface microhardness loss (ΔSMH) and calcium (Ca) release. Twenty molars and 20 premolars were divided into experimental and control groups, cut into lingual/buccal halves, and ground/polished, removing 100 µm of enamel. The initial surface microhardness (SMH₀) was measured on all halves. The experimental group was subjected to 3 consecutive erosive challenges (30 ml/tooth of 1% citric acid, pH 3.6, 25°C, 1 min). After each challenge, ΔSMH and Ca release were measured. The same teeth were consecutively ground to 200, 400 and 600 µm depths, and the experimental group underwent 3 erosive challenges at each depth. No difference was found in SMH₀ between experimental and control groups. Multivariate nonparametric ANOVA showed no significant differences between lingual and buccal surfaces in ΔSMH (p = 0.801) or Ca release (p = 0.370). ΔSMH was significantly greater in premolars than in molars (p < 0.05), but not different with respect to enamel depth. Ca release decreased significantly with increasing depth. Regression between Ca release and ΔSMH at 100 µm depth showed lower slope and r2 value, associated with greater Ca release values. At 200-600 µm depths, moderately large r2 values were observed (0.651-0.830). In conclusion, different teeth and enamel depths have different susceptibility to erosion, so when Ca release is used to measure erosion, the depth of the test facet in enamel should be standardized, whereas this is less important if ΔSMH is used.

Comments on the Clinical Application of Fibronectin in Dentistry

1988 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 515-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.S. Pearson ◽  
R.J. Klebe ◽  
B.D. Boyan ◽  
D. Moskowicz
Keyword(s):  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Oral Surgery ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Tooth Surfaces ◽  
Tissue Attachment ◽  
Cell Adhesion Proteins ◽  
Demineralized Bone

Several studies have demonstrated that citric acid demineralization of the root surface promotes tissue attachment. Since demineralization exposes collagen to which fibronectin binds, the role of fibronectin in the attachment of cells to the tooth surface has been of considerable interest. It is clear that fibronectin and other cell adhesion proteins can promote cell attachment to the tooth surface; therefore, attempts have been made to utilize these findings in a clinical setting. Using a quantitative ELISA procedure to measure the binding of fibronectin to demineralized bone and tooth, we have found that I μg fibronectin can saturate approximately 1 mg of either demineralized bone or demineralized tooth powder. Since serum contains 300 μg fibronectin per mL, the bleeding that occurs during oral surgery should saturate exposed tooth surfaces with amounts of fibronectin adequate for cell adhesion. Thus, exogenous fibronectin would appear to be of little clinical benefit.

scholarly journals Evaluation of statins (Simvastatin and lovastatin) in reducing periodontal parameters in patients with chronic periodontitis

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Banihashem Rad ◽  
Majid Reza Mokhtari ◽  
Ershad Aghasizadeh ◽  
Mojtaba Bakhshande Far ◽  
Ahmad Banihashem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Mevalonate Pathway ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pocket Depth ◽  
Probing Pocket Depth ◽  
Periodontal Index ◽  
Experimental Group

Introduction and objective: Chronic periodontitis is the most common form of periodontal disease. Progression of the disease is due to high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Statins are a class of lipid-lowering drugs that used for cardiovascular disease and stroke. Statins has potential anti-inflammatory effect by blocking intermediate metabolites of the mevalonate pathway. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of Lovastatin and Simvastatin in improve the parameters of chronic periodontitis in the population of Khorasan Razavi province. Methods and materials: 40 subjects with chronic periodontitis were selected and informed consent was obtained from participants. Participants were divided into control and experimental groups and we scaling for patients of both groups, then control group without high blood cholesterol and treatment of patients was done without statin drugs and in case groups, patients with blood cholesterol higher than 240 mg/dl with Lovastatin 20 mg/day during 3 month treated. Periodontal indices; such as probing pocket depth (PPD), GI, PI, CAL and bleeding on probing in patients with chronic periodontitis were measured by the examiner before and after treatment in the control group and the experimental group. Also this index were measured 3 months after treatment in both groups by the same person examiner as Blind and dataes were analyzed by statistical software. Results: In this study, Mean ± SD of age was 7.93 ± 43.8 in the control group and the experimental group was 7.72 ± 47.8 and of the 40 patients in the study, 18 were males and 22 were females. Our study showed that the index of GI, CAL, BOP and probing depth were significantly different between the two groups after the intervention (P less than 0.05) and only after the intervention PI index was not significantly different between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: Our findings showed that statins may improve periodontal index in patient with periodontal disease. This is probably because that statins increase bone regeneration and reduced inflammatory parameters such as CRP, MMP-9, TNF-α and the intermediate products.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Subgingival Air Polishing in Patients with Aggressive Periodontitis

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-154
Author(s):  
N. Trtić ◽  
A. Bošnjak ◽  
R. Arbutina ◽  
Ž. Kojić ◽  
V. Veselinović
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Aggressive Periodontitis ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Periodontal Tissue ◽  
Air Polishing ◽  
Short Period ◽  
And Control

Summary Background: Aggressive periodontitis is one of the most severe forms of periodontal disease, resulting in the destruction of junctional epithelium and alveolar bone around teeth in a very short period of time. The early diagnosis of aggressive periodontitis and timely therapy is of outmost importance in controlling the progress of the disease.Application of the techniques of subgingival air polishing of periodontal pockets (pflow) with glycine powder has contributed to reduce damage to the root surface of the teeth and surrounding soft tissue.Aim: The goal of this paper was to determine the effectiveness of two different types of subgingival air polishing therapy for the periodontal tissue status at the patients with aggressive periodontitis.Methods and materials: the study included 46 patients of both sexes diagnosed with aggressive peridontitis. The patients were divided into two groups: test group (PFLOW), and control group (sonic SRP). The size of the destruction of periodontal tissue was estimated by CAL and assessment of oral hygiene and gingival inflammation was performed using FMPS and FMBS.Results: Monitored indexes values in both groups were reduced.Conclusion: Subgingival air polishing showed equally good results as the SRP, while pflow was more advantageous with respect to patients acceptability, time usability and safety for the soft tissue.

scholarly journals Effect of Protein Concentrate Supplement on the Qualitative and Quantitative Parameters of Milk from Dairy Cows in Organic Farming

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 341-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Horký
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Protein Concentrate ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Citric Acid Content ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract In our experiment, we studied the effects of protein concentrate addition on the qualitative and quantitative composition of milk in organically farmed dairy cows. A total number of 40 Holstein cows were divided into two groups. Live weight of dairy cows was around 625±25 kg. Average production efficiency of animals was 7600±50 kg milk for the lactation period. Animals of both groups received identical basal feed ration. The first experimental group of cows (n=20) received in the feed ration a protein concentrate from organic production (soybean cake 60%, sunflower cake 20%, linseed cake 20%) at 1 kg per head and day. The second group served as a control (n=20) without the addition of protein concentrate. The experiment lasted 30 days. The goal of the experiment was to investigate whether the addition of protein concentrate can affect individual milk components. The measured values show that the experimental group of dairy cows with the addition of protein concentrate exhibited increases in fat content by 7.4% (P≤0.05), in urea content by 83.1% (P≤0.001) and in citric acid content by 18.6% (P≤0.01), and decreases in free fatty acids by 54.9% (P≤0.001), in ECM by 5.5% (P≤0.05) and in FCM by 6.1% (P≤0.05). The control group of cows exhibited the citric acid content in milk increased by 20.0% (P≤0.05). The results indicate that the protein concentrate composed of soybean, sunflower and linseed cakes can affect the composition of milk from organically farmed dairy cows

scholarly journals PSYCHOSOMATIC ASPECTS OF THE COMBINED PATHOLOGY OF PERIODONTAL TISSUE AND ORAL MUCOSA

2018 ◽  
pp. 32-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.A. Petrushanko ◽  
N.N. Ilenko
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
The Body ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Periodontal Tissue ◽  
Dental Patients ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Experimental Group

In the structure of modern diseases, there are 50-75% of psychosomatic diseases. To understand the role of the emotional factor in the onset and progression of somatic disorders, as well as the opposite process – the emergence of psychological and emotional disorders as a response to an acute or chronic disease of internal organs – acquires a particular importance and relevance at the present stage of the causality of the disease. Individual features of the response of the human body to social, biological factors have common mechanisms of combined damage to the mucous membrane of the oral cavity and periodontal tissue. The severity of the damage to these organs and tissues is also determined by the psychological characteristics of individuals. These points are important not only for understanding the causality of the combined pathology of the periodontal and oral mucosa, but also for choosing the optimal tactics for treating such dental patients. The aim of the work was to analyze the role of psychosomatic correlations in the occurrence and development of the combined pathology of the periodontal and oral mucosa, determining the tactics of their treatment. 32 patients were involved in the examination with pathological changes of periodontal and oral mucosa. The essential role of the emotional component in the genesis of diseases was confirmed. Taking into account the psychosomatic nature of the pathology in the experimental group of patients, recommendations were given on diet therapy, psychotherapy, autogenic training. General medical treatment for internists and dentists was maximally individualized, taking into account the psychological characteristics of the response to the disease, differentiated according to the nature of the existing diseases, severity, pathology. After 6 months of follow-up, a stable, reliable positive clinical result was obtained in all patients in the experimental group and in 64% in the control group. Accounting for the state of psychosomatic relationships in the mechanisms of origin, development, treatment of diseases is extremely important. This approach in the supervision of dental patients who have combined changes in periodontal tissues, the oral mucosa allows achieving positive results of treatment, both in relation to the condition of the oral cavity, and for the body as a whole.

scholarly journals FATORES QUE INFLUENCIAM NO SUCESSO DA TÉCNICA DO RETALHO POSICIONADO CORONALMENTE

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Santos Ferreira ◽  
Renata De Araújo Barbosa ◽  
Erica Del Peloso Ribeiro ◽  
Sandro Bittencourt
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Technique ◽  
Gingival Recession ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
Bacterial Biofilms ◽  
Dentin Hypersensitivity ◽  
Periodontal Tissue ◽  
Root Coverage ◽  
Periodontal Inflammation ◽  
Keratinized Tissue ◽  
Exposed Root

Gingival recession is defined as the migration of the gingival margin apical to the cemento-enamel junction and can be caused by bacterial biofilms, primary etiological factor of periodontal inflammation, as well as the trauma of brushing. The treatment is usually a recontouring of the gingival architecture with or without associated techniques to achieve the covering of the exposed root surface and increase the amount of keratinized tissue. These procedures aim to an aesthetic improvement and treatment of dentin hypersensitivity as well as reducing the risk of caries. The coronally positioned flap is a technique widely used for achieving root coverage. The literature have reported several factors that can interfere with the success of this technique, among which are those related to periodontal tissue, the surgical technique and patient’s habits. The aim of this article was to getter the factors that could influence the outcome of coronally positioned flap technique, through a literature review.

scholarly journals Healing in Transplanted Teeth with Periodontal Ligament Cultured In Vitro

2003 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 519-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Saito ◽  
E. Saito ◽  
M. Kawanami ◽  
A. Shimada
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
Periodontal Ligament Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tissue Attachment ◽  
Experimental Group

Regeneration of connective tissue attachment is the ultimate goal of periodontal therapy. It has been suggested that periodontal ligament cells possess the potential to create new connective tissue attachment. However, as cells from gingiva and alveolar bone occupy the root surface during initial wound healing, population by periodontal ligament cells is limited in vivo. We have been developing a new periodontal regeneration technique using in vitro tissue culture of periodontal ligament remaining on a periodontally involved root. The purpose of this study was to examine the periodontal healing after transplantation of teeth with reduced periodontal ligament that had been cultured in vitro. Twenty-five incisors from four beagles were used. After the teeth were extracted, the periodontal ligament and cementum were removed from coronal part of the roots and the roots were planed. The periodontal ligament of the apical part was retained. Fourteen teeth of the experimental group were transplanted following culture for 6 weeks. Eleven teeth of the control group were similarly prepared and immediately transplanted without tissue culture. Four weeks after transplantation, the specimens were prepared for histological analysis. Downgrowth of junctional epithelium on the root of experimental group was significantly less than control. Most of the root planed surfaces of experimental group were covered with periodontal ligament fibers oriented parallel or inclined to the root surfaces and limited new cementum formation was observed near the apical end of the planed root. There was no significant difference between groups in observations on the root surface with remaining periodontal ligament. From the above results, it was concluded that periodontal tissue culture of teeth with root planed surface and remaining periodontal ligament could reduce the extent of epithelium downgrowth and increase connective tissue adhesion on the root planed surface, as well as minimize damage to remaining periodontal ligament, after transplantation of teeth.

scholarly journals A Prospective, Double-Blind, Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial in the Gingivitis Prevention with an Oligomeric Proanthocyanidin Nutritional Supplement

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
R. M. Díaz Sánchez ◽  
G. Castillo-Dalí ◽  
A. Fernández-Olavarría ◽  
R. Mosquera-Pérez ◽  
J. M. Delgado-Muñoz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Supplement ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Oligomeric Proanthocyanidins ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Gingival Bleeding ◽  
Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Experimental Group

Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness on tissue response of the new nutritional supplement made of oligomeric proanthocyanidins in induced gingivitis after 21 days of use. Material and Methods. A prospective, double-blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial was carried out on 20 patients; it is divided into an experimental group and a control group after fulfilling the selection criteria. Patients had to come 4 times during the study to register the Silness and Löe index, the gingival bleeding index, the plaque index, the inflammatory crevicular fluid study (IL6), and the changes in the brightness of the gingiva. No complementary hygiene methods were allowed during the 21 days. Results. The Silness and Löe index was higher in the control group than in the experimental group, reaching a twofold difference between the groups (p<0.0001). The gingival bleeding index also supports this fact, since the bleeding was lower in the experimental group (p<0.005). However, the dental plaque on the tooth surface according to the plaque index was 33% higher in the experimental group (p<0.006). Some differences in the IL-6 were found in the crevicular fluid (p<0.0001). Conclusion. Oligomeric proanthocyanidins have an effect on the periodontal tissue’s health. No effects on the accumulation of plaque on the tooth surface were found, so further studies are needed to determine the nature of the plaque.

scholarly journals RANKL and OPG expression: Jiggling force affects root resorption in rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yayoi Matsuda ◽  
Masahide Motokawa ◽  
Masato Kaku ◽  
Hiromi Sumi ◽  
Kazuo Tanne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immunohistochemical Staining ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Root Surfaces ◽  
Experimental Group

ABSTRACT Objective: To immunohistochemically investigate the longitudinal changes in root resorption by jiggling force in experimental animal models. Materials and Methods: Fifty-six 12-week-old male Wistar rats were used. The maxillary first molars were alternately moved in the buccal and lingual direction in 28 rats (experimental group) using an experimental appliance to produce jiggling forces of 10 g. In another 28 rats (control group), the maxillary first molars were moved in only the lingual direction with a force of 10 g. After 1, 3, 7, 10, 14, 17, and 21 days, the maxillae were resected and subjected to immunohistochemical analysis. The resorption area was quantified histomorphometrically and the number of odontoclasts on the root surface was counted. Expression of RANKL and OPG was also examined by immunohistochemical staining. Results: The root resorption area and the number of odontoclasts were significantly greater in the experimental group than in controls. Odontoclasts were detected in the resorption lacunae and PDL in the experimental group, whereas osteoclasts were located only along the alveolar bone in controls. OPG was detected on the alveolar bone in the experimental group and on the root surfaces of the controls. Conclusions: Jiggling force is a critical factor in severe root resorption, affecting RANKL and OPG expression, which accelerates and inhibits odontoclastic induction, respectively.

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