scholarly journals The use of organic zeotropic mixture with high temperature glide as a working fluid in medium-temperature vapor power plant

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 1153-1160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Borsukiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Large Temperature ◽  
Medium Temperature ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
Zeotropic Mixture ◽  
Selection Of

The paper presents the idea of using organic substances as working fluids in vapor power plants, in order to convert the low and medium temperature thermal energy sources into electrical energy. The calculation results of the power plant efficiency for butane-ethane zeotropic mixtures of different mass compositions, for the power plant supplied with hot water having a temperature of 120?C. Based on the results of thermal-flow calculations it was found that the use of zeotropic mixture does not allow to increase the efficiency and output of the power plant (these values appeared as slightly lower ones). However, it was found that, through the selection of a mixture of sufficiently large temperature glide, the heat exchange surface of the condenser can be reduced or a co-generation system can be implemented.

scholarly journals Selected aspects of operation of supercritical (transcritical) organic Rankine cycle

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Szymon Mocarsk ◽  
Aleksandra Borsukiewicz-Gozdur
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Thermodynamic Cycle ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Medium Temperature ◽  
Water Steam ◽  
Supercritical Parameters

AbstractThe paper presents a literature review on the topic of vapour power plants working according to the two-phase thermodynamic cycle with supercritical parameters. The main attention was focused on a review of articles and papers on the vapour power plants working using organic circulation fluids powered with low- and medium-temperature heat sources. Power plants with water-steam cycle supplied with a high-temperature sources have also been shown, however, it has been done mainly to show fundamental differences in the efficiency of the power plant and applications of organic and water-steam cycles. Based on a review of available literature references a comparative analysis of the parameters generated by power plants was conducted, depending on the working fluid used, the type and parameters of the heat source, with particular attention to the needs of power plant internal load.

scholarly journals Criteria for the Selection of Working Fluids for Geothermal Power Plants: A Case Study in Spain

Proceedings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (23) ◽  
pp. 1424
Author(s):  
Antonio Luis Marqués Sierra ◽  
Noe Anes Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Design Decision ◽  
Working Fluids ◽  
Geothermal Power Plant ◽  
Binary Geothermal Power Plant ◽  
Geothermal Power ◽  
Selection Of

An important key in binary geothermal power plant is the selection of working fluid. This design decision has great implications for the operation of this power plant. While there are many options available for working fluids, there are also many restrictions on the selection that relate to the thermodynamic properties of fluids, as well as considerations of salt, safety and environmental impact.

scholarly journals Modeling dynamics of the spacecraft power plant consisting of Stirling engine and external thermal circuit

2021 ◽  
Vol 313 ◽  
pp. 12002
Author(s):  
Aigiz Valiullin ◽  
Vladimir Zenkin
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal State ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Stirling Engine ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Plant Model ◽  
Thermal Circuit ◽  
Wide Range

Modern space programs cover a wide range of missions, including both near-earth missions and those affecting areas of deep space. In the second case, power plants based on the conversion of thermal energy into electrical energy are often considered for the power supply of spacecraft. One of the possible thermoelectric converters is the Stirling engine. To be able to design modern power plants of spacecraft built based on Stirling engines, it is necessary to use calculation tools to simulate their operation in a wide range of modes, to take into consideration the influence of subsystems on each other and the final characteristics of the power plant. As part of the work, a thermodynamic model of an external thermal circuit was created, consisting of heat pipes, heat exchangers and radiator cooler panels. The hot thermal circuit is consisted of two parts: primary and secondary, the cold thermal circuit is consisted of only one part. A mathematical model of the free-piston Stirling engine of the first order has been also implemented. The working fluid in the engine is helium. The developed models were independently debugged and then integrated into a single model of the power plant. For each type of model, the corresponding mathematical models are presented and the basic assumptions are described. The model is implemented in an open simulation environment of xcos/scilab, examples of power plant model implementation are presented. Numerical experiments were carried out to study the dynamics of the heating of the contour elements (with independent, and then with integrated modeling) and the effect of the non-stationary thermal state on the engine performance. The article presents the basic equations and the design schemes for the power plant model, as well as some results of numerical simulation, including the dynamics of hot and cold circuit temperature changes and the dynamics of changes in the indicator diagram of the engine when the external thermal circuit is heated. The developed model can be used in the early stages of spacecraft design for a preliminary assessment of the main indicators of the power plant, its dimensions and thermal loads.

scholarly journals An economic assessment of lignocellulosic biomass power plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 191 ◽  
pp. 02003
Author(s):  
Javier Menéndez ◽  
Jorge Loredo
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Economic Model ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Wet Biomass ◽  
Solid Biomass ◽  
Biomass Power Plants

In 2016, electricity generation from solid biomass increased by 0.7 Mtoe in EU, compared with 2015, to 10.3 Mtoe (119.78 TWh), a 7.6% growth rate. Solid biomass may be used for: i) heating & cooling and hot water for domestic uses, ii) heating for industrial processes and iii) power generation. Unlike other renewable energy sources (RES), such as wind and solar photovoltaic (intermittent energy sources), solid biomass power plants provide dispatchable energy when needed. Therefore, the security of supply could also be increased. In addition, the use of solid biomass has significant advantages, such as the creation of jobs related to the power plant and collection of raw material used to produce energy. In this paper, an economic assessment of forest biomass power plants is carried out in the Iberian electricity system. According to current Spanish electrical regulation, in which three economic parameters are considered as income (day-ahead market, operation and investment), an economic model has been developed for the regulatory useful life (25 years). Investment costs for biomass power plants of 15, 30 and 50 MWe have been estimated. Operation & Maintenance and fuel costs, considering different prices of wet biomass (50-60 € t-1) with a moisture content of 40% and a lower calorific value of 2.8 MWh t-1 on average, have also been considered in the economic model. Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR) and payback period have been obtained in all scenarios. The results obtained show that a biomass power plant with a power of 50 MWe may produce 337.5 GWh year-1of net electrical energy using 446.43 kt year-1 of wet biomass. Considering a price of electrical energy of 145 € MWh-1 and a woody biomass cost of 0.0178 € kWh-1, the NPV and IRR reach 165.6 M€ and 17.63%, respectively.

scholarly journals Numerical Simulation of Intrachamber Processes in the Power Plant

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 4990
Author(s):  
Boris Benderskiy ◽  
Peter Frankovský ◽  
Alena Chernova
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Flow Structure ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Control Volume ◽  
Conjugate Problem ◽  
Topological Features ◽  
Gas Dynamic ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
Volume Method

This paper considers the issues of numerical modeling of nonstationary spatial gas dynamics in the pre-nozzle volume of the combustion chamber of a power plant with a cylindrical slot channel at the power plant of the mass supply surface. The numerical simulation for spatial objects is based on the solution conjugate problem of heat exchange by the control volume method in the open integrated platform for numerical simulation of continuum mechanics problems (openFoam). The calculation results for gas-dynamic and thermal processes in the power plant with a four-nozzle cover are presented. The analysis of gas-dynamic parameters and thermal flows near the nozzle cover, depending on the canal geometry, is given. The topological features of the flow structure and thermophysical parameters near the nozzle cap were studied. For the first time, the transformation of topological features of the flow structure in the pre-nozzle volume at changes in the mass channel’s geometry is revealed, described, and analyzed. The dependence of the Nusselt number in the central point of stagnation on the time of the power plants operation is revealed.

scholarly journals A new method for determining allowable medium temperature during transient operation of thick-walled elements in a supercritical power plant

2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 55-72
Author(s):  
Piotr Duda ◽  
Dariusz Rząsa
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
New Method ◽  
Optimum Operating ◽  
Transient Operation ◽  
Medium Temperature ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Optimum Parameters ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Working Parameters

A new method for determining allowable medium temperature during transient operation of thick-walled elements in a supercritical power plantConstruction elements of supercritical power plants are subjected to high working pressures and high temperatures while operating. Under these conditions high stresses in the construction are created. In order to operate safely, it is important to monitor stresses, especially during start-up and shut-down processes. The maximum stresses in the construction elements should not exceed the allowable stress limit. The goal is to find optimum operating parameters that can assure safe heating and cooling processes [1-5]. The optimum parameters should guarantee that the allowable stresses are not exceeded and the entire process is conducted in the shortest time. In this work new numerical method for determining optimum working parameters is presented. Based on these parameters heating operations were conducted. Stresses were monitored during the entire processes. The results obtained were compared with the German boiler regulations - Technische Regeln für Dampfkessel 301.

scholarly journals Utilisation of bleed steam heat to increase the upper heat source temperature in low-temperature ORC

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 57-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariusz Mikielewicz ◽  
Jarosław Mikielewicz
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Heat Source ◽  
Silicone Oil ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Preliminary Heating ◽  
Source Temperature ◽  
Heat Source Temperature ◽  
Steam Heat

Utilisation of bleed steam heat to increase the upper heat source temperature in low-temperature ORC In the paper presented is a novel concept to utilize the heat from the turbine bleed to improve the quality of working fluid vapour in the bottoming organic Rankine cycle (ORC). That is a completely novel solution in the literature, which contributes to the increase of ORC efficiency and the overall efficiency of the combined system of the power plant and ORC plant. Calculations have been accomplished for the case when available is a flow rate of low enthalpy hot water at a temperature of 90 °C, which is used for preliminary heating of the working fluid. That hot water is obtained as a result of conversion of exhaust gases in the power plant to the energy of hot water. Then the working fluid is further heated by the bleed steam to reach 120 °C. Such vapour is subsequently directed to the turbine. In the paper 5 possible working fluids were examined, namely R134a, MM, MDM, toluene and ethanol. Only under conditions of 120 °C/40 °C the silicone oil MM showed the best performance, in all other cases the ethanol proved to be best performing fluid of all. Results are compared with the "stand alone" ORC module showing its superiority.

Calculation of a closed hydraulic volumetric system

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-30
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Hydraulic System ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Wind Power Plant ◽  
Hydraulic Systems ◽  
Hydraulic Motor ◽  
Hydraulic Pump ◽  
Oil Pump ◽  
Selection Of

An algorithm is proposed for calculating a closed volumetric hydraulic pump-hydraulic motor system using the example of the hydraulic system of a wind power plant, based on the calculation of the hydraulic systems of mobile machines. The main characteristics of the system components, the selection of initial data for the calculation, working fluid and diameters of hydraulic lines are analyzed. Keywords: hydraulic system, energy, fluid, oil, pump, motor, renewable energy source, wind power plant, machine. [email protected]

scholarly journals A Project To Estimate The Power Capacity Of Geothermal Power Plants Based On The Enthalpy Of Geothermal Fluid And Plant Design

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Obumneme Oken
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Geothermal Energy ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Power Capacity ◽  
Geothermal Fluid ◽  
Direct Heating ◽  
Single Flash ◽  
Geothermal Power

Nigeria has some surface phenomena that indicate the presence of viable geothermal energy. None of these locations have been explored extensively to determine the feasibility of sustainable geothermal energy development for electricity generation or direct heating. In this context, the present study aims to provide insight into the energy potential of such development based on the enthalpy estimation of geothermal reservoirs. This particular project was conducted to determine the amount of energy that can be gotten from a geothermal reservoir for electricity generation and direct heating based on the estimated enthalpy of the geothermal fluid. The process route chosen for this project is the single-flash geothermal power plant because of the temperature (180℃) and unique property of the geothermal fluid (a mixture of hot water and steam that exists as a liquid under high pressure). The Ikogosi warm spring in Ekiti State, Nigeria was chosen as the site location for this power plant. To support food security efforts in Africa, this project proposes the cascading of a hot water stream from the flash tank to serve direct heat purposes in agriculture for food preservation, before re-injection to the reservoir. The flowrate of the geothermal fluid to the flash separator was chosen as 3125 tonnes/hr. The power output from a single well using a single flash geothermal plant was evaluated to be 11.3 MW*. This result was obtained by applying basic thermodynamic principles, including material balance, energy balance, and enthalpy calculations. This particular project is a prelude to a robust model that will accurately determine the power capacity of geothermal power plants based on the enthalpy of fluid and different plant designs.

scholarly journals Gerakan Kontra Pembangunan Shelter 9 Dan 10 Pltu Suralaya Merak-Banten

ijd-demos ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nida Urrohmah ◽  
Karin Caroline Kelly ◽  
Fitri Yuliani
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Steam Power ◽  
Steam Power Plant ◽  
Steam Power Plants ◽  
Local Residents

Electric Steam Power Plants (PLTU) need coal as fuel to produce electricity. The higher the electrical energy needed to eat, the more fuel will be used. This has happened in the construction of shelters 9 and 10 Suralaya Merak-Banten steam power plant (PLTU). This development is reaping various kinds of rejection because it causes environmental damage not only in the area around the development operation but also in the Greater Jakarta area. The rejection movement was initiated by local residents and supported by international Environmental NGOs.Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap (PLTU) membutuhkan batu bara sebagai bahan bakar untuk menghasilkan energi listrik. Semakin tinggi energi listrik yang dibutuhkan makan akan semakin banyak bahan bakar yang digunakan. Hal ini terjadi pada pembangunan shelter 9 dan 10 PLTU Suralaya di pulau Jawa spesifiknya di daerah Merak-Banten. Pembangunan ini menuai berbagai macam penolakan karena mengakibatkan kerusakan lingkungan tidak hanya pada wilayah sekitar operasi pembangunan namun juga pada wilayah Jabodetabek. Gerakan penolakan diinisiasi tentunya oleh warga setempat dan didukung dengan NGO Internasional penggiat isu lingkungan. 

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document