Interregional Interaction in Prehistory: The Need for a New Perspective

1989 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward M. Schortman
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Social Identity ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
Interregional Interaction ◽  
Theoretical Structure ◽  
Archaeological Materials ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Intersocietal Interaction

Recent archaeological efforts to model processes of intersocietal interaction have been hampered by a dearth of conceptual tools suitable to these analyses. In particular, there is a need for a theoretical structure that shifts concern from our traditional focus on spatially distinct cultures and their relations to the physical environment. Without such a shift, questions of intersocietal contact cannot be addressed successfully. This article suggests that the concept of social identity has a role to play in this reorientation. The use of social identity focuses attention directly on intersocietal interactions by encouraging us to ask such questions as who is interacting with whom, under what conditions, and what are the effects of the contact on local social change? This paper defines social identity, provides examples suggesting its utility in archaeological research, and considers the specific questions raised by the application of social identity to archaeological materials.

scholarly journals An Analysis of Ibn-Khaldun’s Theory in light of Covid-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
Mohammed Musallem Binham Alameri ◽  
◽  
Khawlah M. AL- Tkhayneh
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Ibn Khaldun ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Natural Factors ◽  
Current Events ◽  
Future Events ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
The Impact

This argumentative paper presents a new perspective on Ibn-khaldun’s theory of social change in light of Covid-19. It argues that when examining the theory, it can be found that it makes an association between social change and natural factors, such as epidemics and human factors, such as government changes. The target theory which is explored in this study is the cyclical theory of Ibn-khaldun. This study adopts the former theory in order to analyze the effects of Covid-19 on the Arab-Islamic society, and how this theory was able to predict many of the current events and possible future events using social and historical approaches. The paper consists of four parts as follows: First, an overview of Ibn-khaldun’s theory of social change and its philosophy is provided. Second, the role of human factors in social change according to Ibn-khaldun is explored. Third, natural factors affecting social change according to Ibn-khaldun are discussed. Finally, the impact of Covid-19 on our way of life in relation to Ibn-khaldun’s theory of social change is examined.

Ancient city type settlements of Lowland Karabakh

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (10) ◽  
pp. 36-39
Author(s):  
Гюлана Ильгар гызы Алиева ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Necessary Conditions ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
Trade Routes ◽  
Glass Making ◽  
Ancient City ◽  
Archaeological Materials ◽  
Money Circulation

The archaeological research indicated a large number and significant density of settlements of different times on the territory of Azerbaijan, which is mainly due to the fact that there were all the necessary conditions for the emergence of settlements. The decisive condition for their emergence has always been the presence of certain material prerequisites for life, as well as the possibility of defending a given area. The analysis of archaeological materials draws a picture of life in the cities of Albania in the period of antiquity. These cities were administrative and trade and craft centers with developed money circulation. In the cities of Albania, such types of handicrafts as pottery, metallurgy and metalworking, jewelry, glass making, as well as weaving and leatherworking were developed. In their development, a significant role played the trade routes of that time passing through the territory of Albania, one of which was the waterway along the Kura River. Keywords: Albania, Karabakh, cities, base of column, defensive walls

INTOXICANTS AND SOCIETY IN EARLY MODERN ENGLAND

2011 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 631-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
PHIL WITHINGTON
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Social Identity ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Early Modern England ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Cultural Contexts ◽  
Civilizing Process ◽  
The Poor

ABSTRACTThe article considers the rapid increase in the English market for alcohol and tobacco in the 1620s and the set of concurrent influences shaping their consumption. It suggests that intoxicants were not merely a source of solace for ‘the poor’ or the lubricant of traditional community, as historians often imply. Rather, the growth in the market for beer, wine, and tobacco was driven by those affluent social groups regarded as the legitimate governors of the English commonwealth. For men of a certain disposition and means, the consumption of intoxicants became a legitimate – indeed valorized and artful – aspect of their social identity: an identity encapsulated by the Renaissance concept of ‘wit’. These new styles of drinking were also implicated in the proliferation (in theory and practice) of ‘societies’ and ‘companies’, by which contemporaries meant voluntary and purposeful association. These arguments are made by unpacking the economic, social, and cultural contexts informing the humorous dialogue Wine, beere, ale and tobacco. Contending for superiority. What follows demonstrates that the ostensibly frivolous subject of male drinking casts new light on the nature of early modern social change, in particular the nature of the ‘civilizing process’.

scholarly journals Política cultural institucional como medio de transformación. La experiencia en la Comunidad Foral de Navarra = Institutional Cultural Politics as a Means of transformation. An experience in the Comunidad Foral de Navarra

2020 ◽  
pp. 319
Author(s):  
Celia Martín Larumbe ◽  
Roberto Peña León
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Cultural Politics ◽  
Present Situation ◽  
Local Administration ◽  
Gender Perspective ◽  
Course Of Action ◽  
The World ◽  
Current Context ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Opening Up

El actual contexto de cambio social está afectando al sector de la Cultura y, de manera específica, al sistema del arte. Dentro del mismo, la institución «museo» se ha visto afectada de una manera especial por este escenario de transformación. Los debates en el sector (ICOM, OME) permiten introducir propuestas diversas para abordar este escenario. Aparecen así nuevos planteamientos y líneas de abordaje, presentándose la perspectiva de género como la más potente y adecuada para ello. En este artículo se presentan el conjunto de acciones llevadas a cabo en la Comunidad Foral de Navarra desde el aparato institucional en los últimos años, amparados por una legislación diseñada en este sentido y que ya ha empezado a dar resultados, abriendo caminos que prometen ser muy interesantes: reflexión autocrítica, remodelación de la exposición permanente, exposiciones temporales de nuevo cuño, visitas guiadas, etc. La actual situación requiere sistematizar estos medios y procedimientos y mantener la dirección usando las sinergias generadas y apoyándose en las reflexiones ya elaboradas con éxito.AbstractThe current context of social change is affecting the world of Culture, and specifically the Art system. Within this area the «museum» as an institution has been deeply affected  by this transformation scenario. The discussions in this sector (ICOM, OME) allow us to introduce diverse suggestions to deal with this issue. This is how new proposals and approaches have appeared, being the gender perspective the most powerful and accurate tool to achieve that. In this article we present a number of actions carried out in the CFN by the local Administration in the last few years, supported by some laws designed in this direction; actions that have already yielded good results, opening up new paths that can be very interesting: self-criticism reflection, reorganization of the permanent exhibition, temporary exhibitions with a new perspective, guided visits, etc. The present situation demands to structure these tools and procedures, in order to maintain this course of action, using the generated synergies and relying on the successful reflections already accomplished.

scholarly journals FINDING GREENER PASTURES: THE LOCAL DEVELOPMENT OF AGRO-PASTORALISM IN THE ORDOS REGION, NORTH CHINA.

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Tricia Owlett
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
Neolithic Period ◽  
Late Neolithic ◽  
New Information ◽  
Archaeological Materials ◽  
Northern Shaanxi ◽  
Cattle Husbandry

<p><em>The results of recent archaeological research in the Ordos region provide new information on the timing and process of the development of agro-pastoralism in China. Integrating previously published archaeological materials with archaeological research conducted since 2000, this essay synthesizes our current understanding of archaeological data for the middle to late Neolithic period (c. 3500–1800 B.C.) of the Ordos Region. The region is generally defined as including northern Shaanxi, southwestern Inner Mongolia, eastern Ningxia, and western Shanxi Provinces. Research into this transition to large-scale reliance upon domesticated herd animals is just beginning, but sheep, goat, and cattle husbandry were important from the Late Neolithic period onwards. During this time wild resources obtained through hunting and foraging appear to have been complementary to the diet in this region, though in small amounts. With the increasing use of zooarchaeological analysis, the foundation is laid for a greater understanding of the origins and the development of agro-pastoralism in the Ordos Region, Northwest China.</em></p>

scholarly journals The authentic leader in the neoliberal times-Development, identity dominance and the politics of “doing” in India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chetan Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Social Identity ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Cultural System ◽  
Class Mobility ◽  
New Politics ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Future ◽  
Diverse Groups

<p>What is the future of right-wing politics in India? Is India as a nation laden in the cultural foundation of conservatism and purity or it is a diversity moulded through the power of right-wing into a singular cultural system? The recent crises of right-wing politics in India founded in the new politics of social change where the historical oppression of diverse groups based on social class, religion, gender and caste has been politicized with new meaning under the garb of ‘doing’ development, cultural revivalism and the discourses of neoliberalism. Present research attempt to understand how the social identity of an authentic leader is shaped by the global neoliberal values and in what way the preference of authentic leaders by the group is moderated by the social class mobility and change. Also, some of the systematic attacks on the freedom of universities gave rise to students’ politics and movements with new vocabularies of resistance and leadership. It is need of the time to understand the leaders conscious ‘doing’ and conscious ‘not doing’, constructing the meaning of a nation in a different way or limiting it. </p> <p> </p> <p> </p>

Responding to Climate Change Disaster

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolanda Jetten ◽  
Kelly S. Fielding ◽  
Charlie R. Crimston ◽  
Frank Mols ◽  
S. Alexander Haslam
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Social Change ◽  
Social Identity ◽  
Disaster Preparedness ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Shared Identity ◽  
The Status ◽  
Identity Based ◽  
Tackle Climate Change ◽  
Post Disaster

Abstract. Climate change-induced disasters (e.g., bushfires, droughts, and flooding) occur more frequently and with greater intensity than in previous decades. Disasters can at times fuel social change but that is not guaranteed. To understand whether disasters lead to status quo maintenance or social change, we propose a model (Social Identity Model of Post-Disaster Action; SIMPDA) which focuses on the role of leadership in the aftermath of a disaster. Looking specifically at climate change-related disasters, we propose that intragroup and intergroup dynamics in both the pre-disaster as well as the post-disaster context affect whether leadership (a) has the potential to mobilize social identity resources to enable social change, or else (b) fails to capitalize on emerging social identity resources in ways that ultimately maintain the status quo. Given the importance of urgent climate change action, we predict that status quo maintenance is associated with post-disaster paralysis. In contrast, social change that is set in train by capitalizing on social identity-based resources holds the promise of greater post-disaster learning and enhanced disaster preparedness when it is focused on addressing the challenges brought about by climate change. We apply this model to understand responses to the 2019/2020 bushfires in Australia. Our analysis suggests that while an emerging sense of shared identity centered on acting to tackle climate change provides a window of opportunity for securing increased disaster preparedness, this opportunity risks being missed due to, among other things, the absence of leaders able and willing to engage in constructive identity-based leadership.

Desocialization and Resocialization: The Adjustment Process of Immigrants

1968 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 27-45
Author(s):  
Rivka Weiss Bar-Yosef
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Israeli Society ◽  
Adjustment Process ◽  
Key Variables ◽  
Set Up ◽  
New System

The theoretical framework presented by S. N. Eisenstadt in the Absorption of Immigrants is further tested in this paper. The Author looks at the physical environment and the organizational set-up of Israeli Society in order to derive their significance in the process of integration of newcomers, especially from the viewpoint of personality needs and aspirations. Among the prerequisites to a smooth adjustment there should be in any immigrant-oriented society a period of time during which undue pressure on, and expectations from the immigrants are avoided. In this way immigrants can find their place or build up their new system of roles and their new social identity without strains and psychological conflicts. From this study the key variables for successful adjustment appear to be the economic and political ones, while the role of the primary ethnic group is transitional even if indispensable psychologically during the time of transition from desocialisation to resocialisation.

Labour as a Commons: The Example of Worker-Recuperated Companies

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 763-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dario Azzellini
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Social Change ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Struggle ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Labour Power

This article argues that labour can be understood as a commons, located in the discussion of how commons can advance the transformation of social relations and society. To manage labour as a commons entails a shift away from the perception of labour power as the object of capital’s value practices, towards a notion of labour power as a collectively and sustainably managed resource for the benefit of society. Given that social change is largely a result of social struggle, it is crucial to examine germinal forms of labour as a commons present in society. I focus my analysis on worker-recuperated companies in Latin America and Europe. Worker-recuperated companies are enterprises self-managed by their workers after the owners close them down. Despite operating within the hegemonic capitalist market, they do not adopt capitalist rationality and are proven viable. Worker-recuperated companies offer a new perspective on labour as a commons.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document