Historicity in the Serbo-Croatian Heroic Epic: Salih Ugljanin's "Grčki rat"

1967 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin A. Stolz
Keyword(s):  
2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-28
Author(s):  
Ulrike Kristina Köhler

Joanne K. Rowling's teenage wizard has enchanted readers all over the globe and Harry Potter can truly be called an international hero. However, as I will argue, he is also very much an English national hero, complying with the national auto-image of the English gentleman as well as with the idea of Christian masculinity, another English auto-image holding that outdoor activity is more character-building than book learning. I will also show that the series can be read as a national heroic epic in two respects. First, Harry Potter, alias Robin Hood, has to fight the Norman yoke, an English myth haunting the nation since the Norman invasion in 1066. The series displays as a national model an apparently paternalistic Anglo-Saxon feudal society marked by tolerance and liberty as opposed to foreign rule. Second, by establishing parallels to events which took place in Nazi Germany, the series takes up the idea of fighting it, which is a popular topos in British (children's) literature which serves to reinforce a positive self-image.


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gulnar Dmitrievna Sharakpaeva ◽  
Zhanna Borisovna Erzhanova

The article deals with the object of analysis of the Kazakh heroic epic literature. Heroic epic literature – stories and poems, which tells about the feats of arms of the warriors, who had extraordinary strength and protect their people from the raids of foreigners. The Kazakh epic literature originated on the basis of historical events experienced by the Kazakh people at different times. Therefore, it is a valuable monument that testifies to the heroic deeds of batyrs, fortitude, manners and customs of the Kazakh people. The works of the heroic epic literature entered the structure of Kazakh folklore as its most important component and occupy a special place in it. The peculiarity of the epic literature is that it discursive forms of thinking give way to artistic and imaginative thinking.


Author(s):  
Тамара Горяевна Басангова
Keyword(s):  

Манджиева Б. Б. Хальмг баатрлг дуулвр «Җаңһр»: Шавалин Даван дуһргин шинҗллт болн текстмүд (=Калмыцкий героический эпос «Джангар»: Исследование и тексты эпического репертуара Давы Шавалиева). - Элиста: КалмНЦ РАН, 2018. - 264 с. Mandzhiev B. B. Khal’mg baatrlg duulvr “Zhanһr”: Shavalin Davan duһrgin shinzhllt boln tekstmүd [The Kalmyk Heroic Epic “Jangar”: A Study and Texts of Dava Shavaliev’s Epic Repertoire]. Elista: KalmNTs RAN, 2018. 264 p.


Author(s):  
Vasilii Vasil’evich Illarionov ◽  
◽  
Tuyara Vasil’evna Illarionova ◽  
Oksana Nikolaevna Dmitrieva ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  

Author(s):  
Danara V. Ubushieva ◽  

Introduction.The epic narrative of the early Baga-Tsokhor cycle (1853-1862), being heroic in nature, is based on archaic motifs which can also be traced through the topic of military conflicts. Goals. The study aims to consider the main sections of military conflicts, and the following tasks be solved thereto: typological identification of a hero (‘forefather hero’ or ‘warrior hero’); designation of functions attributed to the war horse and weapons; delineation of combat forms and symbolic epic backgrounds. Materials and Methods. The paper analyzes texts of the early Baga-Tsokhor cycle of the Kalmyk Jangar epic. The work employs comparative, textual, and analytical research methods. Results. In fact, plots and motifs of this topic are a symbiosis of archaic and heroic lines. Prologues to the songs of the Cycle are formed as part of a mythological interpretation of events, and the plots of the songs — although devoted to exploits of the heroes, which determines a military, heroic nature of the cycle — are still dependent on magical mythological motifs. The warrior hero still possesses rudiments of the image typical for the first-born (‘forefather’) hero, which explains the absence of important links of the heroic epic, e.g. motifs of miraculous birth and heroic childhood. The war horse and weapons are still destined, and the latter also serve as an accommodation for the external soul of the hero. The epic background is also twofold: while the prologue describes the primordial era, the plot deals with the time of consolidation of various ethnic groups. Conclusions. It can be presumed that the Baga-Tsokhor cycle of the epic reflects a transition from a ‘small’ epic form to a ‘large’ one, an evolution from the original core of the archaic epic to the final ‘concentric’ cyclization of the heroic narrative.


Corpus Mundi ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-134
Author(s):  
Elina A. Sarakaeva

The discovery of the medieval heroic epic “Das Nibelungenlied”in the XIX century Germany coincided with the search for new national mythology and symbols within the movement of Romantic medievalism. The heroic epic got a country-wide recognition asa great literary work that was supposed to serve as a source of German values and to reflect the German national character. With this approach the characters of the epic were re-constructed as embodiments of these German values, as ideals to follow. The article analyses the iconography of these characters, the “nibelungs”: the way they were visualized and depicted in fine arts and fiction and what ideological concepts were ascribed to their bodies and appearances. The first part of the article compares the descriptions of Nibelungen characters in the works of German authors of XIX-XXI centuries and compares them to the descriptions in the original text of the poem to see how cultural codes are constructed and interpreted through visualization of human bodies.


Author(s):  
Любовь Николаевна Арбачакова ◽  
Ирина Анатольевна Невская

В данной статье на примерах расшифрованных рукописных текстов героических сказаний рассматриваются индивидуальные особенности словоупотребления сказителей. Сказители используют сходные стилистические и коммуникативно-прагматические средства. Во-первых, каждого из сказителей отличают особенности их родного диалекта или говора, как лексические, так и грамматические. Во-вторых, для современных сказителей типично широкое использование русских заимствований, как глобальных копирований, так и частичных. В-третьих, практически все исполнители используют просторечные стяженные формы глаголов, местоимений, существительных, характерные для устной речи. В-четвертых, сказители очень часто используют предпочитаемые ими коммуникативно-прагматические частицы, которые достаточно сложно перевести на русский язык и которые в обработанных фольклорных текстах часто опускаются их издателями (полза; тедир; ноо). В-пятых, у каждого исполнителя есть собственная (индивидуальная) лексика, употребляемая им во время эпического исполнения. Устный регистр исполнения эпического текста делает особенно проминентным использование коммуникативно-прагматических частиц. Каждый из рассмотренных сказителей предпочитает ту или иную частицу при том, что практически все они при исполнении используют все вышеупомянутые частицы. Эти частицы принадлежат устному регистру исполнения текста, помогая сказителю психологически настроиться на дальнейшее исполнение, собраться с мыслями и т. п. В то же время они выполняют важные семантические и прагматические функции. Тедир подчеркивает пересказывательность текста: как говорят, насколько я могу судить, по мере моего понимания, насколько я видел или слышал, как оказалось и т. п. Изä употребляется как маркер верности передачи смысла эпоса. Полза, широко использующееся в шорском языке как частица, маркирующая смену темы высказывания, в эпических текстах может становиться частицей, служащей для выражения повествовательного стилистического приема саспенс, помогающего сказителю повысить интерес слушателя к продолжению текста. При общности этих особенностей для всех представителей современного поколения сказителей конкретный выбор того или иного полнозначного слова, его формы или прагматической частицы являются индивидуальными для каждого из сказителей. По этим «собственным» сказительским словоупотреблениям и предпочтениям, как по почерку, можно определить личность кайчи. This article deals with individual peculiarities of word usage by Shor storytellers (qaychi’s). We have analyzed (and, partially, deciphered) a row of manuscripts of Shor heroic epic stories and delineated some linguistic features typical for a certain storyteller. Storytellers use similar or identical stylistic devices and communicative and pragmatic means. Firstly, each storyteller preserves the features of his or her dialect or subdialect, both lexical and grammatical ones. Secondly, modern storytellers widely use Russian borrowings as global or partial copies. Thirdly, practically all storytellers use typical for the spoken language contracted forms of verbs, verbal forms, pronouns and nouns. Fourthly, storytellers abundantly use communicative and pragmatic particles of their choice. Such particles are difficult for translation into Russian; they are often omitted in written editions of epic texts (e. g. polza, tedir, noo, etc.). Fifthly, each storyteller has its own individual expressions and words. The oral register of telling an epic story makes the use of communicative and pragmatic particles especially prominent. Each storyteller has his or her preferred particles used most often, although, of course, all particles can be used by any storyteller. Such particles help the storyteller to collect his or her thoughts, to communicate with the listeners, etc.; moreover, they fulfill very important semantic and pragmatic functions: Tedir stresses the hearsay evidentiality of epic texts or a certain distance of the speaker to the narrated events meaning ‘as one says, as people say, as far as I can judge, as far as I could understand, it has appeared (to me), etc.’ Izä in epic texts stresses the adequacy of a narration. Polza is used in Shor as a particle marking switch reference (as for …); in epics, it is a particle serving as a stylistic device suspense, and helping to raise the interest of the listeners in the continuation of the story. Even if these features are common to all storytellers whose epic texts we have analyzed, their choices of a certain word, expression or form are individual. Certain words and peculiarities of their usage indicate the personality of a storyteller, similar to his typical handwriting; both of them are individual and unique. Moreover, some usages give a clue to the emotions and the state of mind of the qaychi during his performance.


Author(s):  
Natal'ya Yu. Gvozdetskaya ◽  

The paper is an attempt to analyze the methods of representing specific features of the language of the Old English poem Beowulf in the Russian literary translation of Vladimir Tikhomirov: alliterative collocations, synonymic groups, compounds and epic variations. These specific features of Old English poetic language are rendered in the translation through the diction of different stylistic coloring – both the high-style, even archaic words as well as the everyday words close to colloquialisms. Following the Old English poet, the translator uses the oral-epic manner of narration, neither reducing it to a limited stylization, nor turning it into an innovative experiment. The translator manages to convey the ability of the Old English poetic language to coin new compounds through creating ‘potential’ words that reveal the ‘open’ character of the Old English synonymic systems. The Russian translation of Beowulf is considered in the context of the history of English translations of the poem as well as studies of Old English and Old Scandinavian literature in Russia.


Author(s):  
L. N. Arbachakova ◽  

The paper compares the variants of the Shor heroic epic “Künnü körgen Kün Köök” (“Kün Köök that saw the Sun”) recorded in 1999 with an interval of two months in the narrator’s self-recording (written in January 1999) and in audio recording (recorded in March 1999 by L. Arbachakova from V. E. Tannagashev (1932–2007). The version in the audio recording was performed by the Kai narrator accompanied by komus in the performer’s apartment in Myski city. V. E. Tannagashev learned this epic from his teacher P. N. Amzorov. The small period between the recordings resulted in insignificant discrepancies in the versions that were complementary and hardly influenced the qualitative content of the legend. The Kai narrator’s memory did not let him down, with the plots almost coinciding and different epic formulas used only in some fragments of typical places, or there were some permutations or omissions of lines. Sometimes the narrator uses synonymous words, or there are repetitions and reservations. However, there are practically no such flaws in the self-recordings. The typical points used by the kaichi, sometimes expanded and colorful, sometimes compressed, probably depended on his mood, as well as on different ways of fixing the epic (in the kaichi’s selfrecording and audio recordings). Live performance is influenced by the mood, health of the narrator, and other factors. Self-recordings made by hand are the most time-consuming since they require physical effort, perseverance, attention. It is perhaps for this reason that the recording turned out to be more shortened.


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