scholarly journals A Critical Note on “The Epic of Samori Toure”

2002 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 219-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Jansen
Keyword(s):  
Oral Tradition ◽  
Oral Narratives ◽  
Oral Narrative ◽  
Critical Note

Samori Toure (d. 1900) is celebrated, both in written history and oral tradition, in Mali and Guinea because of the empire he founded and his fierce resistance against the French, as they sought to occupy their future colony of the French Sudan. Recently published anthologies of African epic (Johnson/Hale/Belcher 1997; Kesteloot/Dieng 1997; Belcher 1999) attest that an orally transmitted Samori epic exists in these countries. In this paper the texts hitherto presented as the Samori epic will be compared to some oral sketches about Samori which I recorded during two years of fieldwork conducted in southwestern Mali and northeastern Guinea. I will hypothesize that a Samori epic may be in the making, but does not yet exist. The texts hitherto presented as the epic of Samori are largely oral narratives produced more or less in concord with expectations about what an epic should look like. The focus is on Samori as a hero on the battefield, and this is not representative for the present-day oral narrative on Samori. Therefore, an epic of Samori, if it ever does come into being and takes the form of a standardized oral narrative, might deal with different issues than one might expect from reading the texts presented in the anthologies.

Tuturan Komburongo in the Context of Oral Narrative and Belief of the Tobilung Ethnic Group of Sabah

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-184
Author(s):  
Low Kok On ◽  
Ick Ellyrenzine Linsap
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Oral Narratives ◽  
Oral Narrative ◽  
Oral Literature

The oral narratives that revolve around Komburongo are known as tuturan Komburongo among the Tobilung ethnic group in Sabah. The purpose of this article is to analyze the elements of belief contained in these stories. All the tuturan Komburungo that are analyzed in this article are obtained from fieldwork interviews with informants from the Tobilung ethnic group in the district of Kota Belud, Sabah. The important issues dealt with in this article are concerned with the Tobilung ethnic group's belief in the supernatural powers of Komburongo, as told in their oral literature. The result of the analysis by way of interpretation in this study finds that the tuturan Komburungo are divided into myth or legend in the context of folklore. On the question of its origin, Komburongo is believed to have been created by Tinamaru, the Creator of the Tobilung. The traditional Tobilung ethnic group are found to be highly dependent on Komburongo as the good spirit that provides guidance and possesses magical powers that help to solve various life crises for generations. This study is considered significant because it highlights many aspects of the belief of the Tobilung ethnic group passed down from generation to generation based on tuturan Komburungo.

Cognitive Processing and Narrative Discourse Production in Children with ADHD

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 326-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon Moonsamy ◽  
Heila Jordaan ◽  
Kirston Greenop
Keyword(s):  
Academic Success ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Oral Language ◽  
Personal Narrative ◽  
Narrative Discourse ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Attention Deficits ◽  
Oral Narratives ◽  
Oral Narrative ◽  
Children With Adhd

Children diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) have cognitive processing difficulties due to their disinhibition and attention deficits, which influence their scholastic performance. Cognitive processing also impacts on the production of oral narratives, an essential skill required for academic success. Therefore the relationship between cognitive processing and oral narratives is investigated. Thirty males, aged 9–11 years, were selected from English medium remedial schools and were assessed on the Cognitive Assessment System (CAS). The results were correlated to their performance on two narrative tasks, involving a Picture Sequence and a Personal Narrative. Measures of Cohesion and Coherence were analysed quantitatively. Participants' low Planning and Attention scores in this study confirmed the validity of the CAS as a diagnostic device for ADHD but were not significantly related to their oral narrative production. However, their approach to the task indicated insufficient use of planning. The structured task (picture sequence) yielded more complex stories than the unstructured task (personal narrative), which may be reflective of the participants' attention deficits. The findings suggest that narrative measures are useful instruments for oral language evaluation in children with ADHD. In addition, the importance of understanding oral narratives within a therapeutic situation is important for both therapist and child.

scholarly journals TRADISI NYALIN DALAM KEHIDUPAN MASYARAKAT SUNDA (Kajian Struktur dan Etnopedagogik)

LOKABASA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 223
Author(s):  
Yogi Yogaswara Yanuariska ◽  
Yayat Sudaryat ◽  
Retty Isnendes
Keyword(s):  
Oral Tradition ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Public Life ◽  
Oral Narrative ◽  
Structure Text ◽  
Oral Expression ◽  
Spiritual Satisfaction

Latar belakang penelitian ini adalah tradisi nyalin sudah mulai ditinggalkan oleh masyarakat pendukungnya dan belum terungkapnya niali-nilai kebaikan dalam tradisi nyalin. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan (1) struktur (teks dan ko-teks) dan fungsi (konteks) tradisi nyalin dalam kehidupan masyarakat Sunda, (2) ciri kelisanan yang tampak dalam tradisi nyalin dalam kehidupan masyarakat Sunda, (3) nilai etnopedagogik dalam tradisi nyalin dalam kehidupan masyarakat Sunda. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah paradigma kualitatif dalam kajian tradisi lisan. Hasil penelitiannya, yaitu (1) struktur tradisi nyalin yang mencakup tahapan tradisi nyalin, tatahar ngawengku gempungan, kukumpul, majang, jeung riungan, ngukusan, sanduk-sanduk, mitembeyan mipit paré, dan ngaarwahan. Unsur-unsur tradisi nyalin mencakup nama kegiatan, pelaku kegiatan, barang-barang dalam kegiatan, makanan dalam kegiatan, gerakan, tempat berlangsungnya kegiatan, dan waktu berlangsungnya. Teks dalam tradisi nyalin adalah kapamalian, dongeng, mantra, diksi dan ungkapan. Fungsi tradisi nyalin sebagai (1) wujud rasa sukur pada Tuhan atas hasil panen yang didapat, (2) ciri kelisanan dalam tradisi nyalin, yaitu pemikiran lisan, ekspresi lisan, dan naratif lisan, 3) nilai etnopedagogik dalam tradisi nyalin, yaitu (1) pandangan hidup manusia dengan dirinya, (2) pandangan hidup manusia dalam lingkungan masyarakat, (3) pandangan hidup manusia dengan alam, (4) pandangan hidup manusa dengan Tuhan, (5) manusia dalam mengejar kemajuan lahir dan kebahagiaan batin. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini, setelah diteliti secara struktur dan etnopedagogik memiliki nilai-niali luhur yang sudah ada di masyarakat sekaligus bisa dimanfaatkan sebagai teladan dalam bidang pendidikan formal dan kehidupan masyarakat umum.AbstractThe background of this research is Nyalin tradition that has begun to be abandoned by the society and the values in Nyalin traditions that have not been revealed yet. The purpose of this study is to describe (1) the structure (text and co-text) and the function (context) of the nyalin tradition in the Sundanese life, (2) the visible oral features of the tradition in the Sundanese life, (3) the ethnopedagogic value in Nyalin tradition in the Sundanese society’s life. The research method used is a qualitative paradigm in the study of oral tradition. The results of his research are the structure of nyalin tradition includes its stages i.e. tatahar ngawengku gempungan, kukumpul, majang, riungan, ngukusan, sanduk-sanduk, mitembeyan mipit paré, and ngaarwahan. Elements of Nyalin tradition include the name of the activity, the performer, the goods, the food, the movement, the place, and the time it takes place. The texts in Nyalin tradition are kapamalian, dongeng, mantra, diction and idiom. The functions of Nyalin tradition are (1) a form of gratefulness to God over the results of harvesting, (2) the verbal characteristic of Nyalin tradition i.e.oral thought, oral expression, and oral narrative, 3) ethnopedagogic values in Nyalin tradition i.e.(1) the perspective of human life with themselves (2) the perspective of human life in the society, (3) the perspective of  human life with nature, (4) the perspective of human life with God, (5) the effort of human to reach physical and spiritual satisfaction. The conclusion of this study, after being structurally studied by using ethno pedagogic approach, Nyalin tradition has noble values that already exist in the community that can be used as an example in the field of formal education and public life.

scholarly journals Avaliação de Narrativas Orais em Crianças Falantes de Português Europeu (PE): Um Teste Piloto

2020 ◽  
pp. 368-384
Author(s):  
Stéphanie Vaz ◽  
Maria Lobo ◽  
Marisa Lousada
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Language Disorders ◽  
Oral Narratives ◽  
Oral Narrative ◽  
Second Moment ◽  
First Results ◽  
International Instruments

Although there are several referenced and validated international instruments for evaluating oral narratives,which can be used in populations with language disorders to help the diagnosis and to plan intervention, there is yet no such instrument for EP. In this work, we present a first version of an instrument for evaluating oral narrative productions for EP-speaking children, including the methodology used in the construction of the instrument, its structure, criteria for the analysis of productions, and procedures used in the validation of the instrument. In a second moment, we report the first results from a pilot study that indicate that there may be differences between tasks (telling or retelling), between types of stories and between age groups in what concerns the analysis of macrostructural parameters.

scholarly journals Hidden Narratives: Augmented Reality to enhance cultural and historical values in the design of Lake Fuxian

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanran Li
Keyword(s):  
Augmented Reality ◽  
Cultural Diversity ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Historical Change ◽  
Oral Narratives ◽  
Specific Site ◽  
Oral Narrative ◽  
Written Text ◽  
The Past ◽  
Lake Fuxian

<p><b>The impacts of globalisation has lead towards the loss of culture, such as overpopulation, forestation and global intergration. The lost culture has mostly been preserved through written text and oral narratives as a way of illustrating a long-gone reality. Similarly, narratives have the power to connect people with imagination and allow them to experience the uniqueness of a specific site in their own terms. However, oral narrative and written text lacked the interaction between communities, or human to Landscape. New technologies have the potential to reconnect these oral narratives or written text with both the wider public and the site. </b></p><p>This research will explore the historical change of Lake Fuxian, from 500 million years ago to present day, through the illustration and experience of Landscape narratives. This research aims to utilize Augmented Reality as a way to physically connect to the past, while still retaining the existing landscape. Augmented Reality has the ability to combine many types of narratives, such as oral, written and drawn, resulting in an educated relationship to Lake Fuxian. Additionally, modernizing these narratives for a larger demographic such as visitors and locals to engage with the landscape, promoting respect for cultural diversity and adaption. </p>

Widersprüche in heldenepischem Erzählen

2019 ◽  
Vol 141 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Lienert
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Oral Tradition ◽  
Oral Narratives ◽  
Middle High German ◽  
Heroic Epic ◽  
Textual Strategies ◽  
Smooth Transitions

Abstract This article (re-)examines (marked) inconsistencies and incompatibilities in Middle High German heroic epic. Those contradictions may result from oral tradition, from the difficulties of transfering oral narratives into literacy, from the conditions of performing from memory, or from traditional narrative regularities of the genre. Frequently, they are striking side effects of a type of narration which is paradigmatic instead of syntagmatic, elliptic and aggregative, scenic and final, and therefore highly tolerant against contradictions of any kind. Contradictions and inconsistencies are (consciously or unconsciously) used (and imitated) as one of the constitutive stylistic features of heroic epic. In some cases, moreover, contradictions and inconsistencies are obviously part of an intentional poetics of contradiction ostentatiously accumulating and exhibiting different layers of knowledge and meaning. The textual strategies of heroic epic, in some respect perhaps of premodern narration in general, tend to favour discrepancies, contrasts, and contradiction instead of nuances, compromises, and smooth transitions.

scholarly journals A Big Boy/Anacy Tale: The Trickster Motif Propelling a Narrative of Resistance in Oliver Senior’s “Ascot”

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zanaida Seguin Pedraill
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
Oral Tradition ◽  
Caribbean Literature ◽  
Literary Analysis ◽  
Oral Narrative ◽  
Formal Context ◽  
Narrative Writing ◽  
Cultural Domination

AbstractThe infl uence of the oral tradition and culture in contemporary Anglo-Caribbean literature accounts, to a notable extent, for a strategy of sociocultural self-articulation of these peoples against cultural domination deployed in literature. As the literary analysis proposed in this article shows, the popular trickster fi gure of Anglo-Caribbean folktales recreated in Olive Senior’s short story “Ascot” offers a thematic vehicle for the celebration of an attitude of resistance that is mirrored in the formal context of this text with an oral narrative exercise that defi es the conventional literary cannons of fi ctional writing. This modern, scribilised trickster tale ratifi es, then, a narrative praxis of cultural resistance.Key words: Postcolonial Anglo-Caribbean Literature, Jamaican Literature, short fi ction, Jamaican oral tradition and culture, storytelling, trickster motif, narrative/writing of resistance, sociocultural self-articulation.ResumenEn la literatura contemporánea del Caribe anglófono, el rescate y la celebración de la tradición oral, históricamente denigrada, se convierte a menudo en estrategia para contrarrestar el legado colonial de dominación cultural europea y hacer frente al imperialismo cultural americano en la era postcolonial. La narrativa de la escritora jamaicana Olive Senior corrobora la connotación política y sociocultural que reviste la infl uencia de la cultura oral en esta literatura. El emblemático héroe cómico oral del trickster recreado en su relato “Ascot” funciona como motivo temático para criticar la realidad jamaicana a la manera de los cuentos orales, y para la creación de un discurso narrativo transgresivo que socava el anglocentrismo de esta literatura. En este sentido, ésta se convierte en una narrativa de resistencia cultural.Palabras clave: Literatura Postcolonial Anglo-caribeña, Literatura jamaicana, relato corto, tradición y cultura oral, tradición de contar cuentos, trickster: motivo temático y formal, narrativa de resistencia cultural, expresión de identidad sociocultural.

scholarly journals ‘WE ARE A STORY-TELLING PEOPLE’: AN EXPLORATION OF THE ORIGIN TALES IN THE ORAL NARRATIVES OF THE NAGAS AND THE KHASIS OF INDIA’S NORTH EAST

2020 ◽  
pp. 141-149
Author(s):  
Payel Dutta Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Oral Tradition ◽  
Oral Narratives ◽  
Distinguishing Characteristic ◽  
Easy Task ◽  
North East ◽  
The Social ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Written Word ◽  
Roman Script

In the absence of a written literature and language for ages, the oral tradition was one of the distinguishing characteristic features of the various tribes of Nagaland and Meghalaya. In the case of the Khasis of Meghalaya, “…their alphabet is of very recent history, no older than when Thomas Jones, the Welsh Presbyterian missionary, introduced the Roman script in 1842, to form the essentials of the Khasi written word.” (Nongkynrih vii) For the Nagas, even the oral dialects spoken by the different indigenous tribes are different and hence, it was not an easy task to keep the oral tradition alive amidst so much of diversity. The origin tales that find mention in the oral narratives of both the Nagas and the Khasis play an important role in the comprehension of the unique culture and tradition of both the tribes. This paper is an attempt to explore the tales related to the origin of the Nagas and the Khasis, to explore their rich oral tradition, how these tales mirror the cultural identity of these tribes which have undergone several changes in today’s time and most importantly, to read in between the lines of the tales to explore their significance vis-à-vis the social and cultural make-up.

Aboriginal English inside and outside the classroom

1994 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian G. Malcolm
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Oral Narratives ◽  
Oral Narrative ◽  
English Speakers ◽  
First Person ◽  
Aboriginal Communities ◽  
Aboriginal Child ◽  
Aboriginal Children

Abstract It is argued that Aboriginal children’s English is different inside and outside the classroom largely because characteristically, inside the classroom the Aboriginal children do not have the freedom to determine the discourse pattern which they have outside the classroom. This is illustrated on the basis of an analysis of five first person oral narratives of Aboriginal children of the Eastern Goldfields of Western Australia recorded outside the classroom, which are compared both with a first person oral narrative of a non-Aboriginal child and with teacher led interactions in the classes of which these children were members. The Aboriginal children’s discourse exhibits ‘tracking,’ a culture-specific way of organising narrative, which is widely exhibited in Aboriginal communities. It is implied that education of speakers of Aboriginal English needs to be sensitive to such discoursal features which are not shared by other English speakers.

The effect of workshop training on rater variability in children’s oral narrative assessment

2021 ◽  
pp. 026565902110238
Author(s):  
Ava Karusoo-Musumeci ◽  
Wendy M Pearce ◽  
Michelle Donaghy
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Scoring Systems ◽  
Oral Narratives ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Oral Narrative ◽  
Speech Pathology ◽  
Story Grammar ◽  
Narrative Assessment ◽  
Rater Variability ◽  
The Impact

Oral narrative assessments are important for diagnosis of language disorders in school-age children so scoring needs to be reliable and consistent. This study explored the impact of training on the variability of story grammar scores in children’s oral narrative assessments scored by multiple raters. Fifty-one speech pathologists and 19 final-year speech pathology students attended training workshops on oral narrative assessment scoring and analysis. Participants scored two oral narratives prompted by two different story stimuli and produced by two children of differing ages. Demographic information, story grammar scores and a confidence survey were collected pre- and post-training. The total story grammar score changed significantly for one of the two oral narratives. A significant effect was observed for rater years of experience and the change in total story grammar scores post training, with undergraduate students showing the greatest change. Two story grammar elements, character and attempt, changed significantly for both stories, with an overall trend of increased element scores post-training. Confidence ratings also increased post-training. Findings indicated that training via an interactive workshop can reduce rater variability when using researcher-developed narrative scoring systems.

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