scholarly journals A Big Boy/Anacy Tale: The Trickster Motif Propelling a Narrative of Resistance in Oliver Senior’s “Ascot”

Author(s):  
Zanaida Seguin Pedraill

AbstractThe infl uence of the oral tradition and culture in contemporary Anglo-Caribbean literature accounts, to a notable extent, for a strategy of sociocultural self-articulation of these peoples against cultural domination deployed in literature. As the literary analysis proposed in this article shows, the popular trickster fi gure of Anglo-Caribbean folktales recreated in Olive Senior’s short story “Ascot” offers a thematic vehicle for the celebration of an attitude of resistance that is mirrored in the formal context of this text with an oral narrative exercise that defi es the conventional literary cannons of fi ctional writing. This modern, scribilised trickster tale ratifi es, then, a narrative praxis of cultural resistance.Key words: Postcolonial Anglo-Caribbean Literature, Jamaican Literature, short fi ction, Jamaican oral tradition and culture, storytelling, trickster motif, narrative/writing of resistance, sociocultural self-articulation.ResumenEn la literatura contemporánea del Caribe anglófono, el rescate y la celebración de la tradición oral, históricamente denigrada, se convierte a menudo en estrategia para contrarrestar el legado colonial de dominación cultural europea y hacer frente al imperialismo cultural americano en la era postcolonial. La narrativa de la escritora jamaicana Olive Senior corrobora la connotación política y sociocultural que reviste la infl uencia de la cultura oral en esta literatura. El emblemático héroe cómico oral del trickster recreado en su relato “Ascot” funciona como motivo temático para criticar la realidad jamaicana a la manera de los cuentos orales, y para la creación de un discurso narrativo transgresivo que socava el anglocentrismo de esta literatura. En este sentido, ésta se convierte en una narrativa de resistencia cultural.Palabras clave: Literatura Postcolonial Anglo-caribeña, Literatura jamaicana, relato corto, tradición y cultura oral, tradición de contar cuentos, trickster: motivo temático y formal, narrativa de resistencia cultural, expresión de identidad sociocultural.

2020 ◽  
pp. 137-146
Author(s):  
Loreta Huber ◽  
Evelina Jonaitytė

Oral and written storytelling traditions in Africa developed at the same time and influenced each other in many ways. In the twentieth century, the relation between the deeply rooted oral tradition and literary traditions intensified.We aim to reveal literary analysis tools that help to trace ways how oral narrative genres found reflection in African short fiction under analysis. A case study is based on two short stories by women writers, The Rain Came by Grace Ogot and The Lovers by Bessie Head. Images and symbols both, in oral and written traditions in Africa, as well as the way they evolved and extended in a literary genre of short fiction are considered within the framework of hermeneutics, reader reception theory and feminist literary criticism.The results obtained in the study prove that oral narrative genres interact with literary genres, though most importantly, women’s writing as a literary category and images embodied in the short stories play a decisive role and deviation from the images embodied in African oral tradition.


Author(s):  
Ashok G. Naikar ◽  
Ganapathi Rao ◽  
Panchal Vinayak J.

Indian medical heritage flows in two distinctive but mutually complimenting streams. The oral tradition being followed by millions of housewives and thousands of local health practitioners is the practical aspect of codified streams such as Ayurveda, Siddha, Unani. These oral traditions are head based and take care of the basic health needs of the people using immediately available local resources. Majority of these are plant based remedies, supplemented by animal and mineral products. Many of the practices followed by these local streams can be understood and evaluated by the codified stream such as Ayurveda. These streams are not static, historical scrutiny of their evolution shows the enriching phenomena at all times. Thus we have more than 7000 species of higher and lower plants and hundreds of minerals and animal product used in local health tradition to manage hundreds of disease conditions. A pertinent question that arises here is that in which basis these systems got enriched. Is it just trial error method over a point of time which gave rise to this rich tradition, is it an intuitive knowledge born out of close association with nature. One of the reasons for this attitude can be, that one is always made to believe that the science means that which can be explained by western models of logic and epistemology. The world view being developed and adopted by the dominant western scientific paradigm never fits in to the world view being followed and practiced by the indigenous traditions. This is well accepted by us due to the last 200 yrs of political and cultural domination by western and other alien forces.


2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (45) ◽  
pp. 111-121
Author(s):  
Svetozar Poštič

This paper analyses the concept of thrownness and the related notions of immediacy and actuality in a 1961 short science fiction story “Wall of Crystal, Eye of Night” by Algis Budrys. It first defines the concept of thrownness (Geworfenheit), created and coined by the German philosopher Martin Heidegger in his classic book Being and Time, and it explains how this notion can be employed in literary analysis in general and applied to this work in particular. The article then analyses how certain stylistic devices in the short story, namely similes, change of pace and the presentation of an inner conflict in the main character, contribute to the feeling of authenticity. In other words, it attempts to exhibit the means used in a prose work to make it seem more realistic and immediate. Finally, the work also argues that science fiction is in many ways more real than other fictional works. Although it belongs to the genre that has traditionally been denied serious literary merit, the novel view and interpretation of this story aims to disclose new horizons of artistic expression that illuminate human mental and physical frailty and stimulate a valuable inquiry into the meaning of life.


2017 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Bergur Rønne Moberg

<p><strong>Úrtak</strong></p><p>Greinin viðger ‘týðingar’spurdómar í stuttsøguni „Grylen“ (1957) eftir William Heinesen. Søgan tekur støði í einum elligomlum føstulávintssiði í Føroyum – at ganga grýla – sum doyði út beint fyri seinna heimsbardaga. Í søguni hjá Williami verður grýlan til ein dionýsiskan figur kallaður Grylen, sum er ólýsandi og ímyndar orðloysi. Greinin vísir, hvussu metatilvitaða frásøgufólkið letur seg hugkveikja av hesum fyribrigdi  við  áhaldandi at umringja tað við nýggjum myndum. Týdda grýlan verður greinað sum 1) eitt ontologiskt tulkingartilvitað frásøgufólk og sum 2) eitt eyðkenni við bókmentamentan í  útjaðaranum. Stuttsøgan fær skap sum ein navngevingargongd av einari undantaksveru, og tað er við støði í hesum botnloysi, at frásøgufólkið tulkar og týðir grýluna til eitt listaligt úttrykk. Grylen umboðar eina rest, sum dregur seg undan modernaðum mannagongdum. Við støði í hugsanum hjá Franco Moretti og Andreas Huyssen verður týðingin samstundis knýtt at landafrøðiliga útjaðaranum, sum skapar ein serligan tørv á týðing í royndini at minka um munin millum ‘miðdepil’ og ‘útjaðara’. Í hesum samteksti umboðar Grylen og oyggin Stapa eitt mentanarligt eftirsleip, sum verður gjørt til eina styrki. Hetta ’writing back’ brúkar føroyskan miðaldarsið og fornaldarligt evni sum Dionysos til at seta spurning við hegemoniska(n) modernitet og modernismu og við hvat er miðdepil og hvat er útjaðari.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>A</strong><strong>bstract</strong></p><p>This analysis addresses the issue of translation in William Heinesen’s short story „Grylen“ (1957). It is a story of an old Dionysiac Faroese ritual, which died out around The Second World War. The narrator sets himself the task of transplanting this Dionysos into modern fiction.  Due  to  the  muteness  of  the  Gryla the literary connection to the myth can only be established by virtue of interpretation as demonstrated as an explicit mediation of the mythical silence. The muteness appear as a matter of interpretation while being encircled in  conflicting  images.  Focus  is  partly  given on the interpreted Gryla as a complex question of ontological interpretation and partly as an expression of cultural translation linked to aesthetic development in the geographical periphery. Due to the muteness of the Gryla, the whole story appears as a course of naming the nameless forces that work within Dunald, who is the one having the Gryla. Based on Franco Moretti’s og Andreas Huyssen’s notion of ‘centre and periphery’, the question of translation is connected to the Faroe Island as a non­metropolitan culture. Due to the cultural backlog in the periphery there is a special need for translations caused by the discrepancy between the trans­atlantic modernity and a minor culture as the Faroese still close to nature and the oral tradition. In response to the cultural backlog the dynamics of translation become a privileged perspective creating connections between   modern   and   premodern   aspects. The Faroese reaction represents an alternative modernity and an alternative (geo)modernism writing back to a rule­based hegemonic modernity an modernism in order to give an account of the encounter with another world, which evades direct contact and brings into question what is periphery and what is centre.</p><p> </p>


Author(s):  
Hannah Lutchmansingh

This paper examines certain choices that Caribbean-born women make in forming and or rejecting connections to various foreign communities. Migration is examined as a stimulus to creative vision. By analyzing the literary evocations of Caribbean women’s struggle with issues of displacement, refusal and their desire to find a place of their own, this paper explores the psycho-social impacts of empire and exile on black female bodies. In the selected narratives, there is the possibility for liberation that is afforded through a spatialization of memory, which bears the potential to confront and exorcise buried hurts and anxieties. As such, specific focus is given to the correlation between material and spirit dimensions in Erna Brodber’s novel, Myal (1988) and Patricia Powell’s short-story, “Travelling” (2015). The inquiry demonstrates how a return to timeless and all-pervasive ancestral presences may lead to an awakening from spiritual paralysis of essentialist and material ideologies. Moreover, the project scrutinizes how a comingling of carnal and divine realms influences woman’s quality to forgive. This pursuit is achieved through a methodological approach of qualitative content analysis. Fittingly, it draws on mythic notions of time and collective memory, as espoused by Wilson Harris in The Womb of Space.


Author(s):  
Н.Г. Сичинава

Статья посвящена рассмотрению проблемы формирования основ филологического анализа и интерпретации художественного текста на материале новеллы И.А. Бунина «Ворон». Автор обосновывает необходимость интеграции лингвистического, лингвострановедческого и литературоведческого анализа для обеспечения максимально полного восприятия художественного дискурса инофонами. Зависимость понимания художественного текста и получаемого при его чтении эстетического эффекта от глубины восприятия словесно-художественных образов автор продемонстрирует на материале новеллы И.А. Бунина «Ворон». Средствами создания образов в рассказе являются символика имени; прямая или косвенная характеристики; портрет героя; действия и поступки героя; образы-детали; описание психологического состояния героя; изображение внутреннего мира героя через воспоминания; речь. Как показал анализ, в тексте бунинского рассказа значительный лексический пласт образуется за счет прецедентных феноменов. Процесс их декодирования можно рассматривать как важное средство экспликации текстовой информации. Прежде всего, в исследовательский объектив попадают прецедентные имена. Именно через них можно установить ассоциативные связи с теми понятиями-образами, которые были характерны для российского общества описываемой эпохи или русского лингвокультурного сообщества в целом. В раскрытии образов важную роль играют имплицирующие детали, актуализация которых в ряде случаев происходит через комментарии, заранее подготовленные преподавателем. Особый интерес вызывает проблема смыслового восприятия и понимания имени героини новеллы. Декодирование символики имени героини происходит на основе прецедентных текстов. Данная стратегия формирует у студентов способность узнавать, понимать и адекватно интерпретировать смысл художественного теста с интертекстуальными включениями. Кодирование культурной информации, которая впоследствии должна быть разгадана читателем, имеет место при введении в контекст новеллы определенных лексических единиц. Ключевые слова: художественный текст, интерпретация, прецедентный феномен, образ, язык, И.А. Бунин. The article is devoted to the problem of forming the foundations of philological analysis and interpretation of a fiction text based on the material of I. A. Bunin's short story “The Raven”. The author justifies the need to integrate linguistic, linguistic-cultural and literary analysis in order to ensure the fullest possible perception of fiction discourse by foreign speakers. The author demonstrates the dependence of the understanding of a literary text and the aesthetic effect obtained when reading it on the depth of perception of verbal and artistic images based on the material of I. A. Bunin's Novella "the Raven". The means of creating images in the story are: symbolism of the name; direct or indirect characteristics; portrait of the hero; actions and actions of the hero; images-details; description of the psychological state of the hero; image of the inner world of the hero through memories; speech. Explication of the information contained in the text can proceed along the path of decoding precedent phenomena. When using a precedent name, the author appeals to certain concepts-images that were well known to him and his contemporaries, but do not mean anything to the modern reader. Thus, decoding hidden information requires knowledge accumulated in a given linguistic and cultural community or by humanity as a whole. Implying details play an important role in the disclosure of images, which in some cases are updated through comments prepared in advance by the teacher. Of particular interest is the problem of semantic perception and understanding of the name of the heroine of the novel, which contains references to precedent texts. Decoding the symbolism of the heroine's name gives students the ability to recognize, understand and adequately interpret the meaning of an artistic test with intertextual inclusions. The encoding of cultural information, which must later be unraveled by the reader, takes place when certain lexical units are introduced into the context of the novel.


HUMANIKA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Ratna Asmarani

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to analyze the representation of spunk (courage) in Zora Neale Hurston’s short story entitled Spunk. The focus is on the three protagonists, two males and one female. The concepts of courage consisting of its meaning, types, and characteristics are used to support the contextual literary analysis. The result shows that each protagonist has unique type of courage whether the courage hiding the cowardice, the courage emerging after conquering fear even though having to face deadly risk, or the courage to decide done by the female considered as the dependent second sex.Keywords: spunk, courage, contextual literary analysis  Abstrak Tujuan dari makalah ini adalah untuk menganalisis representasi keberanian dalam cerita pendek Zora Neale Hurston yang berjudul Spunk. Fokus kajian pada tiga protagonis, dua laki-laki dan satu perempuan. Konsep keberanian yang terdiri atas makna, jenis, dan karakteristiknya digunakan untuk mendukung analisis sastra kontekstual. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa masing-masing protagonis memiliki jenis keberanian yang unik apakah keberanian yang menyembunyikan kepengecutan, keberanian yang muncul setelah menaklukkan ketakutan meskipun harus menghadapi risiko yang mematikan, atau keberanian untuk memutuskan yang dilakukan oleh perempuan yang dianggap sebagai jenis kelamin kedua yang bergantung pada laki-laki.Kata kunci: kejagoanan, keberanian, analisis sastra kontekstual


Humanities ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 150
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Couti ◽  
Jason C. Grant

The question of homosexuality in Francophone Caribbean literature is often overlooked. However, the ways in which the Haitian René Depestre’s Le mât de cocagne (The Festival of the Greasy Pole, 1979) and “Blues pour une tasse de thé vert” (“Blues for a Cup of Green Tea”), a short story from the collection Eros dans un train chinois (Eros on a Chinese Train, 1990) portray homoeroticism and homosexuality begs further study. In these texts, the study of the violence that surrounds the representation of sexuality reveals the sociopolitical implications of erotic and racial images in a French transatlantic world. Hence, the proposed essay “Man up!” interrogates a (Black) hegemonic masculinity inherited from colonialism and the homophobia it generates. This masculinity prescribes normative traits that frequently appear toxic as it thrives on hypersexuality and brute force. When these two traits become associated with violence and homoeroticism, however, they threaten this very masculinity. Initially, Depestre valorizes “solar eroticism,” a French Caribbean expression of a Black sexuality, free and joyful, and “geolibertinage,” its transnational and global expression. Namely, his novel and short story sing a hegemonic and polyamorous heterosexuality, respectively, in a postcolonial milieu (Haiti) and a diasporic space (Paris). The misadventures of his male characters suggest that eroticism in transatlantic spaces has more to do with Thanatos (death) than Eros (sex). Though Depestre formally explores the construction of the other and the mechanisms of racism and oppression in essays, he also tackles these themes in his fictional work. Applying Caribbean feminist and gendered lenses to his fiction bring to light the intricate bonds between racism, sexism and homophobia. Such a framework reveals the many facets of patriarchy and its mechanism of control.


LOKABASA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 223
Author(s):  
Yogi Yogaswara Yanuariska ◽  
Yayat Sudaryat ◽  
Retty Isnendes

Latar belakang penelitian ini adalah tradisi nyalin sudah mulai ditinggalkan oleh masyarakat pendukungnya dan belum terungkapnya niali-nilai kebaikan dalam tradisi nyalin. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan (1) struktur (teks dan ko-teks) dan fungsi (konteks) tradisi nyalin dalam kehidupan masyarakat Sunda, (2) ciri kelisanan yang tampak dalam tradisi nyalin dalam kehidupan masyarakat Sunda, (3) nilai etnopedagogik dalam tradisi nyalin dalam kehidupan masyarakat Sunda. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah paradigma kualitatif dalam kajian tradisi lisan. Hasil penelitiannya, yaitu (1) struktur tradisi nyalin yang mencakup tahapan tradisi nyalin, tatahar ngawengku gempungan, kukumpul, majang, jeung riungan, ngukusan, sanduk-sanduk, mitembeyan mipit paré, dan ngaarwahan. Unsur-unsur tradisi nyalin mencakup nama kegiatan, pelaku kegiatan, barang-barang dalam kegiatan, makanan dalam kegiatan, gerakan, tempat berlangsungnya kegiatan, dan waktu berlangsungnya. Teks dalam tradisi nyalin adalah kapamalian, dongeng, mantra, diksi dan ungkapan. Fungsi tradisi nyalin sebagai (1) wujud rasa sukur pada Tuhan atas hasil panen yang didapat, (2) ciri kelisanan dalam tradisi nyalin, yaitu pemikiran lisan, ekspresi lisan, dan naratif lisan, 3) nilai etnopedagogik dalam tradisi nyalin, yaitu (1) pandangan hidup manusia dengan dirinya, (2) pandangan hidup manusia dalam lingkungan masyarakat, (3) pandangan hidup manusia dengan alam, (4) pandangan hidup manusa dengan Tuhan, (5) manusia dalam mengejar kemajuan lahir dan kebahagiaan batin. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini, setelah diteliti secara struktur dan etnopedagogik memiliki nilai-niali luhur yang sudah ada di masyarakat sekaligus bisa dimanfaatkan sebagai teladan dalam bidang pendidikan formal dan kehidupan masyarakat umum.AbstractThe background of this research is Nyalin tradition that has begun to be abandoned by the society and the values in Nyalin traditions that have not been revealed yet. The purpose of this study is to describe (1) the structure (text and co-text) and the function (context) of the nyalin tradition in the Sundanese life, (2) the visible oral features of the tradition in the Sundanese life, (3) the ethnopedagogic value in Nyalin tradition in the Sundanese society’s life. The research method used is a qualitative paradigm in the study of oral tradition. The results of his research are the structure of nyalin tradition includes its stages i.e. tatahar ngawengku gempungan, kukumpul, majang, riungan, ngukusan, sanduk-sanduk, mitembeyan mipit paré, and ngaarwahan. Elements of Nyalin tradition include the name of the activity, the performer, the goods, the food, the movement, the place, and the time it takes place. The texts in Nyalin tradition are kapamalian, dongeng, mantra, diction and idiom. The functions of Nyalin tradition are (1) a form of gratefulness to God over the results of harvesting, (2) the verbal characteristic of Nyalin tradition i.e.oral thought, oral expression, and oral narrative, 3) ethnopedagogic values in Nyalin tradition i.e.(1) the perspective of human life with themselves (2) the perspective of human life in the society, (3) the perspective of  human life with nature, (4) the perspective of human life with God, (5) the effort of human to reach physical and spiritual satisfaction. The conclusion of this study, after being structurally studied by using ethno pedagogic approach, Nyalin tradition has noble values that already exist in the community that can be used as an example in the field of formal education and public life.


2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 197-211
Author(s):  
Maria Valdenia da Silva ◽  
Jaquelânia Aristides Pereira ◽  
Maria De Fátima Vasconcelos da Costa

Resumo: Conceição Evaristo é uma escritora afro-brasileira de grande relevância no cenário nacional atual, sobretudo por construir uma literatura de resistência voltada para as questões etnorraciais e de gênero, num movimento interseccional que envolve também a categoria de classe. Sua produção literária, no geral, é pautada na sua vivência de mulher negra submetida às condições de subalternização diversas no Brasil e pela evocação da memória de seus ancestrais africanos como forma de construir um contradiscurso sobre a luta dos negros no nosso país. Neste artigo, apresentamos o nosso discurso de compreensão do conto “O sagrado pão dos filhos”, do livro Histórias de leves enganos e parecenças, resultante de nossa leitura e interpretação desse texto e da experiência de leitura compartilhada num círculo de leitura com participantes do evento Memórias de Baobá, em Fortaleza. Utilizamos como fundamento da análise literária do conto os dispositivos da crítica literária, da abordagem bakhtiniana da linguagem e da análise do discurso francesa. Podemos dizer que o conto “O sagrado pão dos filhos” foi percebido em sua tessitura estética complexa e reveladora de como a literatura constrói o humano, configurando um gesto decolonial, que faz ecoar vozes silenciadas subjacentes ao processo de subalternização racial tanto econômico quanto simbólico. Palavras-chave: Literatura afro-brasileira. Conto. Crítica. Resistência. Círculos de leitura. LITERATURE AS AN ACT OF RESISTANCE IN “O SAGRADO PÃO DOS FILHOS”, BY CONCEIÇÃO EVARISTO Abstract: Conceição Evaristo is an Afro-Brazilian writer of great relevance in the current Brazilian scenario. She has contributed for building a resistance literature focused on ethno-racial and gender issues, in an intersectional movement which also includes the class category. Her literary production, in general, is guided by her experience as a black woman, submitted to various subaltern conditions in Brazil and by evoking the memory of her African ancestors as a way of constructing a counter-discourse about the black struggle in the country. This paper presents a comprehension discourse of the short story “O sagrado pão dos filhos”, from the book Histórias de leves enganos e parecenças, which resulted from our reading and interpretation of this text and from the experience of a shared reading in a reading circle at Memórias de Baobá, an even held in the city of Fortaleza, Brazil. Literary criticism, Bakhtinian approach of language as well as French discourse analysis were used as basis for the literary analysis of the short story. “O sagrado pão dos filhos” was perceived in its complex aesthetic texture revealing how literature builds the human, setting up a decolonial gesture, echoing silent voices that are subjacent to the racial process of economic and symbolic subalternization. Keywords: Afro-Brazilian literature. Short story. Critical. Resistance. Reading circles.


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