Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields Have No Effect on the In Vivo Proliferation of the 9L Brain Tumor

e15049 Background: The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is increasing but five-year survival remains dismal. Intrabuccal administration of amplitude-modulated radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF EMF) is a novel, non-invasive treatment modality resulting in whole body absorption of very low levels of RF EMF. Recent studies show that this approach elicits radiological responses in patients with HCC and breast cancer (J Exp Clin Cancer Res, 2009, 28:51; Br J Cancer, 2011, 105:640). Using an in vitro exposure system replicating the levels of exposure achieved in humans, we have shown that HCC cells and breast cancer cells are growth inhibited by HCC-specific and breast cancer-specific frequencies, respectively. Additionally, RF EMF exposure causes modulation of gene expression and disruption of the mitotic spindle (Br J Cancer 2012, 106:307). Methods: HCC cells were exposed to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields modulated at specific frequencies previously identified in HCC patients. MicroRNA arrays compared exposed and control groups of HCC cells. HCC cells were injected subcutaneously in NOD SCID mice. Following palpable tumor establishment, mice were exposed to HCC-specific RF EMF at a specific absorption rate of 0.4 W/kg and euthanized following excessive tumor burden. Results: We identified increased levels of miRNAs targeting proteins belonging to the PI3K pathway, specifically IP3/DAG signaling and intracellular calcium release, a pathway frequently disrupted in HCC and breast cancer. While HCC xenografts grew in control mice, we observed significant tumor shrinkage in mice exposed to HCC-specific modulation frequencies and residual xenograft tumor cells were infiltrated with fibrous tissue and showed significantly decreased proliferation and increased apoptosis. There was no evidence of altered cell proliferation or fibrosis in other organs. Conclusions: These findings are the first in vivo evidence of the efficacy of RF EMF in HCC and uncover a novel mechanism that targets cancer cell growth at specific modulation frequencies, by means of changes in PI3K signaling and release of intracellular calcium.

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The effect of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) on biomarkers of oxidative stress in vivo and in vitro: A protocol for a systematic review

Environment International ◽

10.1016/j.envint.2021.106932 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 158 ◽

pp. 106932

Author(s):

Bernd Henschenmacher ◽

Annette Bitsch ◽

Tonia de las Heras Gala ◽

Henry Jay Forman ◽

Athanassios Fragoulis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Electromagnetic Fields ◽

Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields ◽

Biomarkers Of Oxidative Stress

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Developing GIS portal to ensure sanitary and epidemiological surveillance of transferring radio engineering objects

Hygiene and Sanitation ◽

10.33029/0016-9900-2020-99-4-344-350 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 99 (4) ◽

pp. 344-350

Author(s):

Evgeny V. Zibarev ◽

A. S. Afanasev ◽

O. V. Slusareva ◽

T. I. Muragimov ◽

V. A. Stepanets ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electromagnetic Fields ◽

Analytical Data ◽

Base Stations ◽

Epidemiological Surveillance ◽

Graphical Form ◽

Residential Areas ◽

Information Portal ◽

Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields ◽

Online Mode ◽

Automated Processes

In recent years, in the Russian Federation there has been an increase in the levels of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields in residential areas, including due to an increase in the number of base stations (BS). The purpose of sanitary and epidemiological surveillance at the stages of placement and commissioning of base stations (BS) is to prevent their adverse effects on public health. The increase in the number of base stations, together with the advent of new electronic equipment and antennas, provide opportunities for improving the processes of their accounting at the stage of placement and monitoring of the levels of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields at the operation stage. This automation tool can be a geo-information portal for providing sanitary and epidemiological surveillance of cellular base stations. The prototype of the geo-information portal allows both calculating the size of sanitary protection zones (SPZ) and building restriction zones (RZ) from the BS in online mode, displaying the results of calculations in graphical form and issuing sanitary and epidemiological conclusions for the placement and operation of base stations. The geo-information portal has the ability to synchronize with the data of the radio frequency center. Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing will be able to receive up-to-date analytical data. There will be completely automated processes of collecting, processing and storing information on BS.

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Impact of Chronic Exposure to Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields on Neurophysiological Development in the Preterm Neonate

Case Medical Research ◽

10.31525/ct1-nct03928457 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Keyword(s):

Electromagnetic Fields ◽

Chronic Exposure ◽

Preterm Neonate ◽

Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields

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Novel Phospholipid-Based Labrasol Nanomicelles Loaded Flavonoids for Oral Delivery with Enhanced Penetration and Anti-Brain Tumor Efficiency

Current Drug Delivery ◽

10.2174/1567201817666200210120950 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. 229-245

Author(s):

Gang Wang ◽

Junjie Wang ◽

Rui Guan

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Brain Tumor ◽

Oral Delivery ◽

Safe Delivery ◽

Drug Delivery Vehicles ◽

Therapeutic Benefits ◽

Delivery Vehicles ◽

The Brain

Background: Owing to the rich anticancer properties of flavonoids, there is a need for their incorporation into drug delivery vehicles like nanomicelles for safe delivery of the drug into the brain tumor microenvironment. Objective: This study, therefore, aimed to prepare the phospholipid-based Labrasol/Pluronic F68 modified nano micelles loaded with flavonoids (Nano-flavonoids) for the delivery of the drug to the target brain tumor. Methods: Myricetin, quercetin and fisetin were selected as the initial drugs to evaluate the biodistribution and acute toxicity of the drug delivery vehicles in rats with implanted C6 glioma tumors after oral administration, while the uptake, retention, release in human intestinal Caco-2 cells and the effect on the brain endothelial barrier were investigated in Human Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells (HBMECs). Results: The results demonstrated that nano-flavonoids loaded with myricetin showed more evenly distributed targeting tissues and enhanced anti-tumor efficiency in vivo without significant cytotoxicity to Caco-2 cells and alteration in the Trans Epithelial Electric Resistance (TEER). There was no pathological evidence of renal, hepatic or other organs dysfunction after the administration of nanoflavonoids, which showed no significant influence on cytotoxicity to Caco-2 cells. Conclusion: In conclusion, Labrasol/F68-NMs loaded with MYR and quercetin could enhance antiglioma effect in vitro and in vivo, which may be better tools for medical therapy, while the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of nano-flavonoids may ensure optimal therapeutic benefits.

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Personal Exposure Assessment to Wi-Fi Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields in Mexican Microenvironments

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18041857 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 1857

Author(s):

Raquel Ramirez-Vazquez ◽

Jesus Gonzalez-Rubio ◽

Isabel Escobar ◽

Carmen del Pilar Suarez Rodriguez ◽

Enrique Arribas

Keyword(s):

Risk Perception ◽

Electromagnetic Fields ◽

Personal Exposure ◽

Wireless Internet ◽

European Cities ◽

Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields ◽

Time Period ◽

The Mean ◽

Personal Exposure Assessment ◽

Study Participants

In recent years, personal exposure to Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields (RF-EMF) has substantially increased, and most studies about RF-EMF with volunteers have been developed in Europe. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study carried out in Mexico with personal exposimeters. The main objective was to measure personal exposure to RF-EMF from Wireless Fidelity or wireless Internet connection (Wi-Fi) frequency bands in Tamazunchale, San Luis Potosi, Mexico, to compare results with maximum levels permitted by international recommendations and to find if there are differences in the microenvironments subject to measurements. The study was conducted with 63 volunteers in different microenvironments: home, workplace, outside, schools, travel, and shopping. The mean minimum values registered were 146.5 μW/m2 in travel from the Wi-Fi 2G band and 116.8 μW/m2 at home from the Wi-Fi 5G band, and the maximum values registered were 499.7 μW/m2 and 264.9 μW/m2 at the workplace for the Wi-Fi 2G band and the Wi-Fi 5G band, respectively. In addition, by time period and type of day, minimum values were registered at nighttime, these values being 129.4 μW/m2 and 93.9 μW/m2, and maximum values were registered in the daytime, these values being 303.1 μW/m2 and 168.3 μW/m2 for the Wi-Fi 2G and Wi-Fi 5G bands, respectively. In no case, values exceeded limits established by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP). Of the study participants (n = 63), a subgroup (n = 35) answered a survey on risk perception. According to these results, the Tamazunchale (Mexico) population is worried about this situation in comparison with several European cities; however, the risk perception changes when they are informed about the results for the study.

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Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma: current insights and future directions

Chinese Neurosurgical Journal ◽

10.1186/s41016-020-00218-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Dilakshan Srikanthan ◽

Michael S. Taccone ◽

Randy Van Ommeren ◽

Joji Ishida ◽

Stacey L. Krumholtz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Brain Tumor ◽

Gene Mutations ◽

Pediatric Brain Tumor ◽

Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma ◽

Pontine Glioma ◽

Current Standard ◽

In Vivo Models ◽

Landscape Models

AbstractDiffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is a lethal pediatric brain tumor and the leading cause of brain tumor–related death in children. As several clinical trials over the past few decades have led to no significant improvements in outcome, the current standard of care remains fractionated focal radiation. Due to the recent increase in stereotactic biopsies, tumor tissue availabilities have enabled our advancement of the genomic and molecular characterization of this lethal cancer. Several groups have identified key histone gene mutations, genetic drivers, and methylation changes in DIPG, providing us with new insights into DIPG tumorigenesis. Subsequently, there has been increased development of in vitro and in vivo models of DIPG which have the capacity to unveil novel therapies and strategies for drug delivery. This review outlines the clinical characteristics, genetic landscape, models, and current treatments and hopes to shed light on novel therapeutic avenues and challenges that remain.

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Semaphorin 3A mediated brain tumor stem cell proliferation and invasion in EGFRviii mutant gliomas

BMC Cancer ◽

10.1186/s12885-020-07694-4 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Dominique M. O. Higgins ◽

Maisel Caliva ◽

Mark Schroeder ◽

Brett Carlson ◽

Pavan S. Upadhyayula ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Cycle ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Brain Tumor ◽

Propidium Iodide ◽

Tumor Stem Cell ◽

Semaphorin 3A ◽

Brain Tumor Stem Cell ◽

Proliferation And Invasion ◽

Invasion Assays

Abstract Background Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common primary brain tumor in adults, with a median survival of approximately 15 months. Semaphorin 3A (Sema3A), known for its axon guidance and antiangiogenic properties, has been implicated in GBM growth. We hypothesized that Sema3A directly inhibits brain tumor stem cell (BTSC) proliferation and drives invasion via Neuropilin 1 (Nrp1) and Plexin A1 (PlxnA1) receptors. Methods GBM BTSC cell lines were assayed by immunostaining and PCR for levels of Semaphorin 3A (Sema3A) and its receptors Nrp1 and PlxnA1. Quantitative BrdU, cell cycle and propidium iodide labeling assays were performed following exogenous Sema3A treatment. Quantitative functional 2-D and 3-D invasion assays along with shRNA lentiviral knockdown of Nrp1 and PlxnA1 are also shown. In vivo flank studies comparing tumor growth of knockdown versus control BTSCs were performed. Statistics were performed using GraphPad Prism v7. Results Immunostaining and PCR analysis revealed that BTSCs highly express Sema3A and its receptors Nrp1 and PlxnA1, with expression of Nrp1 in the CD133 positive BTSCs, and absence in differentiated tumor cells. Treatment with exogenous Sema3A in quantitative BrdU, cell cycle, and propidium iodide labeling assays demonstrated that Sema3A significantly inhibited BTSC proliferation without inducing cell death. Quantitative functional 2-D and 3-D invasion assays showed that treatment with Sema3A resulted in increased invasion. Using shRNA lentiviruses, knockdown of either NRP1 or PlxnA1 receptors abrogated Sema3A antiproliferative and pro-invasive effects. Interestingly, loss of the receptors mimicked Sema3A effects, inhibiting BTSC proliferation and driving invasion. Furthermore, in vivo studies comparing tumor growth of knockdown and control infected BTSCs implanted into the flanks of nude mice confirmed the decrease in proliferation with receptor KD. Conclusions These findings demonstrate the importance of Sema3A signaling in GBM BTSC proliferation and invasion, and its potential as a therapeutic target.

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