The effect of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) on biomarkers of oxidative stress in vivo and in vitro: A protocol for a systematic review

Abstract Background: Reduced glutathione (GSH) and its redox forms, glutathione disulfide (GSSG) and glutathionylated proteins (PSSG), are biomarkers of oxidative stress, but methodologic artifacts can interfere with their measurement. We evaluated the importance of correct sample handling during the preanalytical phase for GSH, GSSG, and PSSG measurement. Methods: We used human blood for in vitro experiments with oxidants [tert-butylhydroperoxide (t-BOOH), diamide, and menadione]. For in vivo experiments, we used rats in which we cannulated the jugular and femoral veins for both oxidant administration and blood collection. We measured GSH, GSSG, and PSSG with HPLC with or without sample pretreatment with N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) to prevent artifacts. We also measured malondialdehyde (MDA) with HPLC, and protein carbonyls (PCO) with spectrophotometric procedures. Results: When methodologic artifacts were prevented by pretreatment with NEM, GSSG results increased up to 3-fold over the basal concentrations, even in the presence of 5 μmol/L t-BOOH or diamide and 20 μmol/L menadione. PSSG increased by ∼50% at 20 μmol/L t-BOOH or diamide and at 50 μmol/L menadione. PCO and MDA remained unchanged. In vivo oxidation treatments elicited immediate and significant increases in GSSG and PSSG over basal values (up to 200-fold), whereas PCO and MDA showed only slight variation 120 or 180 min after treatment. Conclusions: With the use of artifact-free measurement methods, GSH, GSSG, and PSSG are potentially powerful and reliable biomarkers of oxidative stress status and can be used to evaluate whether, and to what extent, oxidative stress may be involved in various diseases.

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Genotoxicity of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields: Protocol for a systematic review of in vitro studies

Environment International ◽

10.1016/j.envint.2021.106386 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 148 ◽

pp. 106386

Author(s):

Stefania Romeo ◽

Olga Zeni ◽

Anna Sannino ◽

Susanna Lagorio ◽

Mauro Biffoni ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Electromagnetic Fields ◽

In Vitro Studies ◽

Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields

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Oxidative stress as antifibrogenic stimulus? Low dose steady state H2O2 induces fibrolytic MMP–3 in vitro and in vivo

Zeitschrift für Gastroenterologie ◽

10.1055/s-0031-1295764 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 50 (01) ◽

Author(s):

G Millonig ◽

S Ottinger ◽

HK Seitz ◽

S Mueller

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Steady State ◽

Low Dose

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Exploiting Anti-Inflammation Effects of Flavonoids in Chronic Inflammatory Diseases

Current Pharmaceutical Design ◽

10.2174/1381612826666200408101550 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 26 (22) ◽

pp. 2610-2619 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Tarique Hussain ◽

Ghulam Murtaza ◽

Huansheng Yang ◽

Muhammad S. Kalhoro ◽

Dildar H. Kalhoro

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Chronic Diseases ◽

Inflammatory Diseases ◽

Therapeutic Option ◽

Cellular Level ◽

Antiinflammatory Drugs ◽

Suitable Alternative ◽

Chronic Inflammatory Diseases

Background: Inflammation is a complex response of the host defense system to different internal and external stimuli. It is believed that persistent inflammation may lead to chronic inflammatory diseases such as, inflammatory bowel disease, neurological and cardiovascular diseases. Oxidative stress is the main factor responsible for the augmentation of inflammation via various molecular pathways. Therefore, alleviating oxidative stress is effective a therapeutic option against chronic inflammatory diseases. Methods: This review article extends the knowledge of the regulatory mechanisms of flavonoids targeting inflammatory pathways in chronic diseases, which would be the best approach for the development of suitable therapeutic agents against chronic diseases. Results: Since the inflammatory response is initiated by numerous signaling molecules like NF-κB, MAPK, and Arachidonic acid pathways, their encountering function can be evaluated with the activation of Nrf2 pathway, a promising approach to inhibit/prevent chronic inflammatory diseases by flavonoids. Over the last few decades, flavonoids drew much attention as a potent alternative therapeutic agent. Recent clinical evidence has shown significant impacts of flavonoids on chronic diseases in different in-vivo and in-vitro models. Conclusion: Flavonoid compounds can interact with chronic inflammatory diseases at the cellular level and modulate the response of protein pathways. A promising approach is needed to overlook suitable alternative compounds providing more therapeutic efficacy and exerting fewer side effects than commercially available antiinflammatory drugs.

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Phytosomal Curcumin Elicits Anti-tumor Properties Through Suppression of Angiogenesis, Cell Proliferation and Induction of Oxidative Stress in Colorectal Cancer

Current Pharmaceutical Design ◽

10.2174/1381612825666190110145151 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (39) ◽

pp. 4626-4638 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Reyhaneh Moradi-Marjaneh ◽

Seyed M. Hassanian ◽

Farzad Rahmani ◽

Seyed H. Aghaee-Bakhtiari ◽

Amir Avan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Therapeutic Potential ◽

Vegf Signaling ◽

Anticancer Effects ◽

Inhibition Of Angiogenesis ◽

Underlying Mechanisms ◽

Apoptotic Activity

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common causes of cancer-associated mortality in the world. Anti-tumor effect of curcumin has been shown in different cancers; however, the therapeutic potential of novel phytosomal curcumin, as well as the underlying molecular mechanism in CRC, has not yet been explored. Methods: The anti-proliferative, anti-migratory and apoptotic activity of phytosomal curcumin in CT26 cells was assessed by MTT assay, wound healing assay and Flow cytometry, respectively. Phytosomal curcumin was also tested for its in-vivo activity in a xenograft mouse model of CRC. In addition, oxidant/antioxidant activity was examined by DCFH-DA assay in vitro, measurement of malondialdehyde (MDA), Thiol and superoxidedismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity and also evaluation of expression levels of Nrf2 and GCLM by qRT-PCR in tumor tissues. In addition, the effect of phytosomal curcumin on angiogenesis was assessed by the measurement of VEGF-A and VEGFR-1 and VEGF signaling regulatory microRNAs (miRNAs) in tumor tissue. Results: Phytosomal curcumin exerts anti-proliferative, anti-migratory and apoptotic activity in-vitro. It also decreases tumor growth and augmented 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) anti-tumor effect in-vivo. In addition, our data showed that induction of oxidative stress and inhibition of angiogenesis through modulation of VEGF signaling regulatory miRNAs might be underlying mechanisms by which phytosomal curcumin exerted its antitumor effect. Conclusion: Our data confirmed this notion that phytosomal curcumin administrates anticancer effects and can be used as a complementary treatment in clinical settings.

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Targeting PPARalpha in Alzheimer's Disease

Current Alzheimer Research ◽

10.2174/1567205014666170505094549 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 345-354 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Barbara D'Orio ◽

Anna Fracassi ◽

Maria Paola Cerù ◽

Sandra Moreno

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Redox Homeostasis ◽

Antioxidant Response ◽

Peroxisome Proliferator ◽

Prevailing Paradigm

Background: The molecular mechanisms underlying Alzheimer's disease (AD) are yet to be fully elucidated. The so-called “amyloid cascade hypothesis” has long been the prevailing paradigm for causation of disease, and is today being revisited in relation to other pathogenic pathways, such as oxidative stress, neuroinflammation and energy dysmetabolism. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are expressed in the central nervous system (CNS) and regulate many physiological processes, such as energy metabolism, neurotransmission, redox homeostasis, autophagy and cell cycle. Among the three isotypes (α, β/δ, γ), PPARγ role is the most extensively studied, while information on α and β/δ are still scanty. However, recent in vitro and in vivo evidence point to PPARα as a promising therapeutic target in AD. Conclusion: This review provides an update on this topic, focussing on the effects of natural or synthetic agonists in modulating pathogenetic mechanisms at AD onset and during its progression. Ligandactivated PPARα inihibits amyloidogenic pathway, Tau hyperphosphorylation and neuroinflammation. Concomitantly, the receptor elicits an enzymatic antioxidant response to oxidative stress, ameliorates glucose and lipid dysmetabolism, and stimulates autophagy.

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Action of Thioglycosides of 1,2,4-Triazoles and Imidazoles on the Oxidative Stress and Glycosidases in Mice with Molecular Docking

Letters in Drug Design & Discovery ◽

10.2174/1573413715666181212150955 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (6) ◽

pp. 696-710

Author(s):

Mahmoud Balbaa ◽

Doaa Awad ◽

Ahmad Abd Elaal ◽

Shimaa Mahsoub ◽

Mayssaa Moharram ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Molecular Docking ◽

Active Sites ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Imidazole Ring ◽

Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship ◽

Binding Interaction ◽

Qsar Study

Background: ,2,3-Triazoles and imidazoles are important five-membered heterocyclic scaffolds due to their extensive biological activities. These products have been an area of growing interest to many researchers around the world because of their enormous pharmaceutical scope. Methods: The in vivo and in vitro enzyme inhibition of some thioglycosides encompassing 1,2,4- triazole N1, N2, and N3 and/or imidazole moieties N4, N5, and N6. The effect on the antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, glutathione S-transferase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase) was investigated as well as their effect on α-glucosidase and β-glucuronidase. Molecular docking studies were carried out to investigate the mode of the binding interaction of the compounds with α- glucosidase and β -glucuronidase. In addition, quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) investigation was applied to find out the correlation between toxicity and physicochemical properties. Results: The decrease of the antioxidant status was revealed by the in vivo effect of the tested compounds. Furthermore, the in vivo and in vitro inhibitory effects of the tested compounds were clearly pronounced on α-glucosidase, but not β-glucuronidase. The IC50 and Ki values revealed that the thioglycoside - based 1,2,4-triazole N3 possesses a high inhibitory action. In addition, the in vitro studies demonstrated that the whole tested 1,2,4-triazole are potent inhibitors with a Ki magnitude of 10-6 and exhibited a competitive type inhibition. On the other hand, the thioglycosides - based imidazole ring showed an antioxidant activity and exerted a slight in vivo stimulation of α-glucosidase and β- glucuronidase. Molecular docking proved that the compounds exhibited binding affinity with the active sites of α -glucosidase and β-glucuronidase (docking score ranged from -2.320 to -4.370 kcal/mol). Furthermore, QSAR study revealed that the HBD and RB were found to have an overall significant correlation with the toxicity. Conclusion: These data suggest that the inhibition of α-glucosidase is accompanied by an oxidative stress action.

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Transplantation of Adipose-derived Cells for Periodontal Regeneration: A Systematic Review

Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy ◽

10.2174/1574888x13666181105144430 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 (6) ◽

pp. 504-518 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Dilcele Silva Moreira Dziedzic ◽

Bassam Felipe Mogharbel ◽

Priscila Elias Ferreira ◽

Ana Carolina Irioda ◽

Katherine Athayde Teixeira de Carvalho

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Animal Models ◽

Platelet Rich Plasma ◽

Periodontal Regeneration ◽

In Vitro Studies ◽

In Vivo Studies ◽

Cell Sources ◽

Study Designs

This systematic review evaluated the transplantation of cells derived from adipose tissue for applications in dentistry. SCOPUS, PUBMED and LILACS databases were searched for in vitro studies and pre-clinical animal model studies using the keywords “ADIPOSE”, “CELLS”, and “PERIODONTAL”, with the Boolean operator “AND”. A total of 160 titles and abstracts were identified, and 29 publications met the inclusion criteria, 14 in vitro and 15 in vivo studies. In vitro studies demonstrated that adipose- derived cells stimulate neovascularization, have osteogenic and odontogenic potential; besides adhesion, proliferation and differentiation on probable cell carriers. Preclinical studies described improvement of bone and periodontal healing with the association of adipose-derived cells and the carrier materials tested: Platelet Rich Plasma, Fibrin, Collagen and Synthetic polymer. There is evidence from the current in vitro and in vivo data indicating that adipose-derived cells may contribute to bone and periodontal regeneration. The small quantity of studies and the large variation on study designs, from animal models, cell sources and defect morphology, did not favor a meta-analysis. Additional studies need to be conducted to investigate the regeneration variability and the mechanisms of cell participation in the processes. An overview of animal models, cell sources, and scaffolds, as well as new perspectives are provided for future bone and periodontal regeneration study designs.

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A Review on Melatonin’s Effects in Cancer: Potential Mechanisms

Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1871520617666171121120223 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 18 (7) ◽

pp. 985-992 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Aysegul Hanikoglu ◽

Ertan Kucuksayan ◽

Rana Cagla Akduman ◽

Tomris Ozben

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Membrane Receptors ◽

Cancer Development ◽

Secretory Product ◽

Prevention And Treatment ◽

G Protein Coupled

This systematic review aims to elucidate the role of melatonin (N-acetyl-5-metoxy-tryptamine) (MLT) in the prevention and treatment of cancer. MLT is a pineal gland secretory product, an evolutionarily highly conserved molecule; it is also an antioxidant and an impressive protector of mitochondrial bioenergetic activity. MLT is characterized by an ample range of activities, modulating the physiology and molecular biology of the cell. Its physiological functions relate principally to the interaction of G Protein-Coupled MT1 and MT2 trans-membrane receptors (GPCRs), a family of guanidine triphosphate binding proteins. MLT has been demonstrated to suppress the growth of various tumours both, in vivo and in vitro. In this review, we analyze in depth, the antioxidant activity of melatonin, aiming to illustrate the cancer treatment potential of the molecule, by limiting or reversing the changes occurring during cancer development and growth.

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