Excavations at Sos Höyük, 1995: Second Preliminary Report

1996 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 27-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Sagona ◽  
Mustafa Erkmen ◽  
Claudia Sagona ◽  
Ian Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Iron Age ◽  
Preliminary Report ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Magnetic Survey ◽  
Hellenistic Period ◽  
Concerted Effort ◽  
The North ◽  
The University ◽  
Obsidian Source

Archaeological investigations this year at Sos Höyük, carried out by the University of Melbourne and Erzurum Museum, took place in the summer, between 2 June and 3 August. The aims for the 1995 season included activities both on the mound and off-site. Among the former objectives, was the need to expose further the Medieval settlement on the summit of the mound, and the burnt building of the Hellenistic period in trenches L14 and L13. Excavation was also required in the lower northeast trenches to clarify the depositions of the late third to second millennium B.C. In addition to these largely horizontal operations, we commenced an independent vertical sounding in J14 to obtain a immediate guide to the sequence of Iron Age deposits.The intensive field survey of the site environs continued, as did the search for the obsidian source in the hilltops around Pasinler. A detailed palaeoecological study of the region was initiated this year. Information from promising pollen cores taken at various altitudes in the Kargapazarı Dağları, the mountain range immediately to the north of the site, will no doubt complement the faunal and botanical data from the excavations. We also conducted a magnetic survey of the ancient cemeteries surrounding the site to better define their boundaries, but human and animal disturbance often made it difficult to discriminate between burials, pits and burrows of comparable magnetic intensity. Finally, there was a concerted effort to organize and establish a new exhibition at Erzurum Museum covering the campaigns at both Büyüktepe Höyük and Sos Höyük.

scholarly journals Excavations at Northton, Isle of Harris By Derek D.A. Simpson, Eileen M. Murphy and Richard A. Gregory. Pp. 282. Black and white illustrations. ISBN 1 84171 936 6 Oxford: BAR British Series 408. 2006. £38 (pb). ann macsween

2006 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-159
Author(s):  
Ann MacSween
Keyword(s):  
Iron Age ◽  
Preliminary Report ◽  
Geological Survey ◽  
Black And White ◽  
The Third ◽  
The University ◽  
Important Site

The site of Northton in Harris is known to most of those familiar with Scottish prehistory for the excavations which produced Scotland's largest domestic assemblage of Beaker pottery. This often-quoted fact, along with previous glimpses of what publication of the 1965–6 excavations would offer, such as those in the excavator's preliminary report in Settlement and Economy in the Third and Second Millennia BC ( Simpson 1976 ), has had many eagerly awaiting the publication of this important site. The site was discovered in 1963 by James McEwen of Aberdeen University, and rescue excavations were undertaken by Derek Simpson of the University of Leicester a couple of years later. Excavations revealed a multi-period site which could be divided into two Neolithic, two Beaker and two Iron Age/Historic phases. The Northton project was one of the first multi-disciplinary studies in the Western Isles with the excavation complemented by topographic and geological survey, and palaeoenvironmental analysis.

The Cave of Ali Tappeh and the Epi-Palaeolithic in N.E. Iran

1969 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 385-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. B. M. McBurney ◽  
Rosemary Payne
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Preliminary Report ◽  
Essential Factor ◽  
Kind Permission ◽  
The North ◽  
University Of Cambridge ◽  
Geological Past ◽  
Iranian Government ◽  
The University ◽  
Raised Beaches

In the 1964 Proceedings a preliminary report was published of an initial sounding at this site, discovered and named (after a nearby village) in 1962. The main excavation, in the summer of 1964, was undertaken with the kind permission and co-operation of the Iranian Government and authorities, and with the financial assistance of grants from the British Academy and the Crowther Beynon Fund of the University of Cambridge. Subsequent laboratory analysis has been carried out mainly in the Department of Archaeology and Anthropology of the University of Cambridge.Since the geographical situation of the site forms an essential factor in its interpretation, the main features may be repeated here for convenience. The cave is eroded in the base of an escarpment which follows the foot of the Elburz range where it bounds the coastal plain along the southern shores of the present Caspian. The mountains rise abruptly in an impressive series of ridges to over 10,000 ft; the plain extends to the north to the modern sea-shore now some 8 miles away from the site and rapidly retreating. It is known however that in the recent geological past this situation has varied greatly. At times the sea lapped the base of the hills leaving traces in the form of escarpments and raised beaches, while at others it retreated scores of miles to the north and may even have disappeared altogether.

Settlement and economy in a changing prehistoric lowland landscape: an East Yorkshire (UK) case study

2005 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Halkon ◽  
Jim Innes
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Material Culture ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Stone Tools ◽  
The Past ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Northern Shore

This article assesses the major changes in landscape and coastline, which took place in an area adjacent to the northern shore of the inner estuary of the river Humber, in East Yorkshire, UK, from the beginning of the Holocene to the Iron Age. It considers the effect of these changes on material culture as represented by artefact distributions, including flint assemblages and polished stone tools located during field survey. The conclusions presented here derive from a continuing programme of research in this study area and they are placed in the context of the wider Humber region and the North Sea Basin. This article advocates a restoration of balance with regard to geographical determinism – a new pragmatism – accepting that environmental factors have a great importance in determining the nature and location of certain activities in the past, though cannot be used to explain them all.

scholarly journals New relative sea-level (RSL) indications from the Eastern Mediterranean: Middle Bronze Age to the Roman period (~3800–1800 y BP) archaeological constructions at Dor, the Carmel coast, Israel

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0251870
Author(s):  
Assaf Yasur-Landau ◽  
Gilad Shtienberg ◽  
Gil Gambash ◽  
Giorgio Spada ◽  
Daniele Melini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Roman Period ◽  
Hellenistic Period ◽  
Relative Sea Level ◽  
The North ◽  
Middle Bronze Age

This article presents new archaeological observations and multidisciplinary research from Dor, Israel to establish a more reliable relative sea level for the Carmel Coast and Southern Levant between the Middle Bronze Age and the Roman period (ca. 3500–1800 y BP). Our record indicates a period of low relative sea level, around -2.5 m below present, from the Middle Bronze Age to the Hellenistic period (ca. 3500–2200 y BP). This was followed by a rapid rise to present levels, starting in the Hellenistic period and concluding during the Roman period (ca. 2200–1800 y BP). These Roman levels agree with other relative sea-level indications from Israel and other tectonically stable areas in the Mediterranean. Several relative sea-level reconstruction models carried out in the current study provide different predictions due to their parameters and do not model the changes observed from field data which points to a non-isostatic origin for the changes. Long-term low stable Iron Age relative sea level can be seen in Dor, where Iron Age harbor structures remain around the same elevation between ca. 3100–2700 y BP. A similar pattern occurs at Atlit, the Iron Age harbor to the north used continuously from ca. 2900 y BP to the beginning of the Hellenistic period (ca. 2200 y BP). An examination of historical and archaeological sources reveals decline and occasional disappearance of Hellenistic sites along the coast of Israel at ca. 2200 y BP (2nd century BCE), as in the case of Yavneh Yam, Ashdod Yam, Straton’s Tower, and tel Taninim. In Akko-Ptolemais, the large harbor installations built in the Hellenistic period were never replaced by a substantial Roman harbor. The conclusions of this research are thus relevant for the sea-level research community and for the historical analyses of the Israeli and South Levantine coastline.

Archaeology and Material Culture of Judah and the Judeans (ca. 1000–586 bce)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler Mowry ◽  
Deirdre Fulton
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Biblical Studies ◽  
Political Organization ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Hill Country ◽  
The North ◽  
Excavation Process ◽  
Two Kingdoms

The kingdom of Judah was a small political state that arose in the southern Levantine hill country during the Iron Age and was eventually conquered by the Babylonian king Nebuchadnezzar in 586 bce. While the precise boundaries of the territory of Judah are difficult to define and likely fluctuated considerably, the traditional heartland of Judah in the Iron II extended from the southern mountain range that emerged from the Jezreel Valley in the north, to the Northern Negev, located in the south. At the beginning of the Iron II period (ca. 1000 bce), there began a steady increase in the small, unwalled settlements typical of that area in the Iron I period. The population of Judah remained relatively small throughout the 10th and early 9th centuries, but grew substantially during the late 9th century and especially the 8th century, as evinced by the proliferation of fortified settlements. At some point during this development, the political organization of these settlements coalesced into a monarchic state, but the precise nature and date of this transition is debated. Some scholars argue for the essential veracity of the biblical narratives concerning the foundation of the state under David and Solomon in the early 10th century bce, while others argue there is little definitive and undisputed archaeological evidence pointing to a strong centralized government until the 9th century. Indeed, this complicated relationship between the biblical text and the material culture has defined the practice and prerogatives of Judahite archaeology from its inception. Modern, stratigraphic excavation in Judah began under the guidance of biblical scholars in the early 20th century and continued in this fashion through the mid-century “Biblical Archaeology” movement. In recent decades, however, the archaeology of Judah (often included within the category of Syro-Palestinian archaeology) has gained some degree of independence from the field of Biblical Studies. Following wider trends in world archaeology, scholars studying ancient Judah have begun incorporating data from ethnographic studies and archaeometric methods into the primarily tell-based excavation process that characterized Judahite archaeology in the past. Still, the influence of the biblical traditions is undeniably present in the archaeology of the Levant, and as a result, studies of Judah are often combined with those of the kingdom of Israel to the north. Readers will note that combined form “Israel/Judah” is used when little or no distinction is made between the cultures of the two kingdoms.

The Achaemenid painted pottery of Hasanlu IIIA

1999 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 101-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert H. Dyson
Keyword(s):  
Iron Age ◽  
River Valley ◽  
University Of Pennsylvania ◽  
Hellenistic Period ◽  
Metropolitan Museum ◽  
Lake Urmia ◽  
Metropolitan Museum Of Art ◽  
The University ◽  
Painted Pottery

This paper presents data on the painted pottery of Hasanlu II/IIIA from an analysis of field records. The excavation programme at Tepe Hasanlu was carried out between 1956 and 1977 for the University of Pennsylvania Museum, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, and the Archaeological Service of Iran. Period II/IIIA, the final pre-Islamic occupation of the site, dates to the Late Achaemenid-Early Hellenistic period. The painted pottery includes Western Triangle Ware, Cream-slipped Bichrome Ware, Brown-line Ware, and Classic Triangle Ware.Site and sequenceHasanlu is one of several large Iron Age mounds in the Qadar River valley at the southern end of Lake Urmia in western Azerbaijan, Iran. It consists of a central Citadel Mound (25m above the plain and about 200m in diameter) surrounded by an Outer Town. It was occupied from about 5500 BC to about 280 BC and again in Islamic times.

The Fezzan Project 1999: preliminary report on the third season of work

1999 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 129-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Mattingly ◽  
Mohammed al-Mashai ◽  
Phil Balcombe ◽  
Nick Drake ◽  
Stephanie Knight ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preliminary Analysis ◽  
Preliminary Report ◽  
Settlement Patterns ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
The Third ◽  
The North ◽  
New Information ◽  
Irrigation Channels ◽  
Climatic And Environmental Change ◽  
Over Time

AbstractThis report summarises the work of the third season of the Fezzan project which took place in January 1999. The main environmental findings of the project team of specialist geographers are providing confirmation of dramatic climatic and environmental change over the last 100,000 years and give more precise dates for some of these changes. The excavations in Old Germa (ancient Garama) have continued through Islamic levels, with elements of five main phases of buildings now having been recorded. Additional standing structures, including one of Germa's main mosques, have been surveyed. Field survey around Germa has revealed further new settlement sites of prehistoric, Garamantian and Islamic date. Of particular importance is a series of lithic and pottery scatters relating to neolithic occupation along the edge of the Ubari Sand Sea, to the north of Germa. Further investigation of the irrigation channels (foggaras) has revealed significant new information about their size, construction and probable date. The report concludes with a brief preliminary analysis of changing settlement patterns over time.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN DAN KESESUAIAN LAHAN DI DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI ALO, PROVINSI GORONTALO

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunarty Suly Eraku ◽  
Aang Panji Permana
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Survey Methods ◽  
Land Suitability ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Land Capability ◽  
Original Solution ◽  
The North ◽  
Main River

DAS Alo terletak di Kecamatan Tibawa Kabupaten Gorontalo Provinsi Gorontalo. DAS Alo memiliki ketinggian antara 50 m di atas permukaan laut di bagian hilir dan 475 m di atas permukaan laut di bagian hulu. Hulu DAS Alo merupakan perbukitan – pegunungan struktural di bagian utara dan barat laut dengan kemiringan lereng yang berkisar antara 15 - 40 persen.  Di bagian selatan (hilir) di dominasi oleh bentuklahan asal solusional yaitu perbukitan karst. Karakteristik DAS Alo terdiri dari luas DAS mencapai  69.736.900 m2, panjang sungai utama 21.160.422 meter dan kemiringan sungai 2,21%. Tujuan utama penelitian ini adalah menganalisis kemampuan dan kesesuaian lahan di DAS Alo Provinsi Gorontalo. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut digunakan metode survei lapangan dan analisis laboratorium sampel tanah. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kemampuan lahan dan kesesuaian lahan dipengaruhi oleh karakteristik Biogeofisik lahan di DAS Alo. Satuan bentuklahan perbukitan denudasional berbatu breksi memiliki kelas kemampuan lahan I, III, IV dan VI. Perbukitan struktural berbatuan breksi memiliki kelas kemampuan lahan I, II, III, IV, V dan VI. Perbukitan struktural berbatuan diorit, kelas kemampuan lahannya II, III, IV, V dan VI. Perbukitan karst kelas kemampuan lahannya III dan VIII dengan faktor pembatas lereng permukaan sedangkan kelas kemampuan lahan VII tidak dijumpai. Kelas kesesuaian lahan pertanian jagung pada kelas kesesuaian lahan S3, kelas kesesuaian lahan N1 (tidak sesuai saat ini) dan kelas kesesuaian lahan N2 (tidak sesuai selamanya). Sedangkan untuk kelas kesesuaian lahan S1 (sangat sesuai) dan kelas kesesuaian lahan S2 (cukup sesuai) tidak dijumpai di DAS Alo. Kata kunci: DAS Alo, Kemampuan Lahan, Kesesuaian Lahan.  Alo Watershed is located in Tibawa Sub-District, Gorontalo Regency, Gorontalo Province. The Alo watershed has a height of between 50 m above sea level in the downstream and 475 m above the sea level in the upper reaches. The upper Alo watershed is a structural hill - mountain range in the north and northwest with a slope ranging from 15 - 40 percent. In the south (downstream) is dominated by the form of land from the original solution, the karst hills. The characteristics of the Alo Watershed consist of an area of 69,736,900 m2, a main river length of 21,160,422 meters and a river slope of 2.21%. The main objective of this study is to analyze the ability and suitability of land in the Gorontalo Province Alo Watershed. To achieve this goal field survey methods and laboratory analysis of soil samples are used. The results showed that land capability and land suitability were affected by biogeophysical characteristics of land in the Alo watershed. Unit shape den denational hills breccia rocky has a land capability class I, III, IV and VI. The rocky structural breccias hills have land capability classes I, II, III, IV, V and VI. Diorite rocky structural hills, land capability classes II, III, IV, V and VI. Karst hills are land capability classes III and VIII with surface slope limiting factors while land capability class VII is not found. Corn land suitability class in S3 land suitability class, land suitability class N1 (not suitable at present) and land suitability class N2 (not suitable forever). As for the S1 land suitability class (very suitable) and S2 land suitability class (quite suitable) not found in the Alo watershed. Keywords: Alo Watershed, Land Capability, Land Suitability.

scholarly journals Preliminary report on the 2008 and 2009 excavation seasons at Jiyeh (Porphyreon)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariusz Gwiazda
Keyword(s):  
Iron Age ◽  
Preliminary Report ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hellenistic Period ◽  
Museum Collections ◽  
Coastal Site ◽  
Technical Solutions ◽  
Archaeological Excavations ◽  
Curious Feature ◽  
Late Roman

Report from archaeological excavations in 2008 and 2009 carried out at the coastal site of Jiyeh in Lebanon, following up on earlier investigations, by Polish archaeologists.Remains of late Roman –Byzantine dwellings in the central part of the site, excavated originally by a Lebanese mission in 1975, were re-explored including documentation of finds in local museum collections, said to have come from these excavations. Testing in this part of the habitation quarter produced a provisional stratification, from the Iron Age (8th–7thcentury BC) directly on bedrock, through the Persian–Hellenistic period (5th–2nd centuries BC) to the late Roman–Byzantine age when the quarter has reoccupied. A curious feature consisting of pots sunk in the floor in several of the late Roman and Byzantine-age houses is discussed in the first of two appendices. The other appendix treats on stone thresholds from these houses, five types of which have been distinguished, reflecting different technical solutions used to close doors

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