To a male friend from Coniston, 25 June 1830

2021 ◽  
pp. 506-507
Keyword(s):  
Male Friend

The Lion Shall Lie Down With the Lamb

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Thomas Carlyle ◽  
Auguste Comte ◽  
Traditional Institutions ◽  
Theory Of History ◽  
Male Friend

As his time of crisis abated, Mill found himself attracted to voices beyond the confines of—even antithetical to—the ‘sect’ in which he had been raised: notably, S. T. Coleridge, the Saint-Simonians, Auguste Comte, and Thomas Carlyle, the author of Sartor Resartus. From Comte, Mill gained a theory of history that allowed him to appreciate the contribution that traditional institutions had made. Mill also made his best male friend, the Anglican clergyman John Sterling. Out of this period would emerge a lifelong instinct to try to create a via media between two ostensibly opposing ideologies or viewpoints. This mediating approach found expression in his articles, ‘Bentham’ and ‘Coleridge’. Mill added Romanticism to his Enlightenment birthright.

scholarly journals Alone together: Cinematic (re)presentations of masculinity, friendship, and grief

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Costas Thrasyvoulou
Keyword(s):  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Traumatic Events ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
Creative Work ◽  
Emotional Intimacy ◽  
Male Friend

<p>This project examines the links between masculinity, friendship, and grief in a combination of creative work and critical analysis. The creative component consists of a thirteen-minute short dramatic film entitled 'Brothers' (2014). This film explores the different ways in which three young men react to the death of a close male friend. The film contains no dialogue and emphasises the importance of gestures, actions, and other forms of behaviour.  The thesis is comprised of three main sections. The first situates masculine experiences of grief and friendship in a critical context by drawing on discourses from sociology and psychology. I argue that the feelings of individual men in relation to traumatic events such as bereavement are often hidden or repressed because of the need to present a stoic exterior, even during grieving rituals such as funerals. This kind of behaviour preserves the invulnerability often associated with dominant or idealised versions of masculinity. However, this tendency arguably inhibits male emotional intimacy and friendship, particularly during times of crisis.  The second part of the thesis considers how these interrelated issues are represented cinematically through a close reading of the John Cassavetes film 'Husbands' (1970). 'Husbands' is concerned with the dissolute behaviour of three male friends in the aftermath of the death of a friend. Although the men are garrulous, they struggle to articulate their feelings. I employ research on performance in cinema, as well as criticism of Cassavetes’ work to interpret the slips in their masculine bravado.  The final section engages in an exegesis of 'Brothers'. I reflect on the influence of Husbands on my project. I also discuss the ways in which 'Brothers' can be understood in terms of the critical frameworks established in the previous chapters.  A Note About 'Brothers': The creative component of this project, the film 'Brothers', is included alongside this thesis on a DVD. The film can also be accessed online at https://vimeo.com/99519967 using the password 'masterscut'. A copy of the final shooting script is also included in the thesis as an appendix.</p>

scholarly journals “Don’t Drink Too Much!” Reactance Among Young Men Following Health-Related Social Control

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 155798831982592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Sieverding ◽  
Nicole K. Specht ◽  
Sabrina G. Agines
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Social Control ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Young Men ◽  
The Other ◽  
Perceived Threat ◽  
Negative Thoughts ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Male Friend ◽  
Perceived Probability

This study investigated conditions under which young men responded with reactance to the suggestion to reduce their alcohol consumption. In an experimental study, 84 young men (university students, mean age: 24 years) listened to a recorded telephone call and were asked to imagine that they themselves were the recipients of this call. In this call, either a girlfriend or a male friend suggested that the recipient of the call should reduce his alcohol intake that evening. In one condition, the suggestion was highly restrictive; in the other condition, the suggestion was framed in a nonrestrictive way. Perceived threat, negative thoughts, and feelings of anger after listening to the call were assessed. Further outcome variables were intention and perceived probability of complying with the suggestion. Participants felt more anger after hearing the highly restrictive suggestion and more threatened by the suggestion made by the girlfriend. Interaction effects emerged. Participants reported more negative thoughts and lower intention and perceived probability to comply when a highly restrictive suggestion was made by the girlfriend. The male friend’s highly restrictive suggestion resulted in a perceived probability of complying (54%) that was similar to the probability of the girlfriend’s nonrestrictive suggestion (55%). Women’s efforts to reduce their male partners’ alcohol consumption can result in boomerang effects. Male peers might be more effective in motivating other men to behave in a healthier way. These results support recent findings with regard to the potential of peer positive social control.

scholarly journals Victim Blaming and Exoneration of the Perpetrator in Domestic Violence: The Role of Beliefs in a Just World and Ambivalent Sexism

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inmaculada Valor-Segura ◽  
Francisca Expósito ◽  
Miguel Moya
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Ambivalent Sexism ◽  
Hostile Sexism ◽  
Victim Blaming ◽  
Just World Beliefs ◽  
Just World ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Male Friend

The existence of domestic violence is closely linked to several ideological factors that include sexism and other beliefs about society in general, namely the belief in a just world. In this study, which involved 485 people of both sexes aged between 18 and 70 years, we analyzed the influence of these ideological variables of the perceivers and characteristics of the situation on judgments of a gender aggression – blaming the victim and exonerating the perpetrator. Results showed differences in the reactions of observers depending on the cause that triggered the aggression. Participants blamed the victim and exonerated the aggressor more when no cause of the aggression was mentioned than when a cause was mentioned (the woman wanted to separate, to see an old male friend, or simply to take a trip with her female friends). We also found clear effects of hostile sexism and just world beliefs on the dependent variables. Results showed that the influence of just world beliefs depended on the fact of mention or not a cause for the aggression.

Adolescent Males' Ratings of Being Understood by Fathers, Best Friends and Significant others

1977 ◽  
Vol 40 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1079-1082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leverett Millen ◽  
Samuel Roll
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Significant Others ◽  
Adolescent Males ◽  
Point Scale ◽  
Complete Understanding ◽  
Best Friends ◽  
Male College ◽  
Male Friend ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Favorite Teacher

An adolescent male's relationship with his father and his best friend is investigated. 413 male college students filled out a rating scale in which each reported how much he felt understood by his father, mother, by best male friend, best female friend, by favorite teacher, and by any additional person he wished to designate. The ratings were on a 7-point scale, ranging from “virtually a total stranger” to “complete understanding.” The mean ratings for a son's feeling of being understood by significant others was analyzed by a procedure for the multiple comparison of means described by Games (1971). The sons felt relatively more understood by their best friends than they did by their fathers. Implications of the findings for a theory of friendship and for psychotherapy with adolescent males are discussed.

scholarly journals Alone together: Cinematic (re)presentations of masculinity, friendship, and grief

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Costas Thrasyvoulou
Keyword(s):  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Traumatic Events ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
Creative Work ◽  
Emotional Intimacy ◽  
Male Friend

<p>This project examines the links between masculinity, friendship, and grief in a combination of creative work and critical analysis. The creative component consists of a thirteen-minute short dramatic film entitled 'Brothers' (2014). This film explores the different ways in which three young men react to the death of a close male friend. The film contains no dialogue and emphasises the importance of gestures, actions, and other forms of behaviour.  The thesis is comprised of three main sections. The first situates masculine experiences of grief and friendship in a critical context by drawing on discourses from sociology and psychology. I argue that the feelings of individual men in relation to traumatic events such as bereavement are often hidden or repressed because of the need to present a stoic exterior, even during grieving rituals such as funerals. This kind of behaviour preserves the invulnerability often associated with dominant or idealised versions of masculinity. However, this tendency arguably inhibits male emotional intimacy and friendship, particularly during times of crisis.  The second part of the thesis considers how these interrelated issues are represented cinematically through a close reading of the John Cassavetes film 'Husbands' (1970). 'Husbands' is concerned with the dissolute behaviour of three male friends in the aftermath of the death of a friend. Although the men are garrulous, they struggle to articulate their feelings. I employ research on performance in cinema, as well as criticism of Cassavetes’ work to interpret the slips in their masculine bravado.  The final section engages in an exegesis of 'Brothers'. I reflect on the influence of Husbands on my project. I also discuss the ways in which 'Brothers' can be understood in terms of the critical frameworks established in the previous chapters.  A Note About 'Brothers': The creative component of this project, the film 'Brothers', is included alongside this thesis on a DVD. The film can also be accessed online at https://vimeo.com/99519967 using the password 'masterscut'. A copy of the final shooting script is also included in the thesis as an appendix.</p>

scholarly journals Jealous females? Female competition and reproductive suppression in a wild promiscuous primate

2018 ◽  
Vol 285 (1886) ◽  
pp. 20181332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Baniel ◽  
Guy Cowlishaw ◽  
Elise Huchard
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Activity ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Paternal Care ◽  
Female Competition ◽  
Reproductive Suppression ◽  
Papio Ursinus ◽  
Male Care ◽  
Lactating Females ◽  
Male Friend ◽  
Female Social Relationships

Female–female competition over paternal care has rarely been investigated in promiscuous mammals, where discreet forms of male care have recently been reported despite low paternity certainty. We investigated female competition over paternal care in a wild promiscuous primate, the chacma baboon ( Papio ursinus ), where pregnant and lactating females establish strong social bonds (friendships) with males that provide care to their offspring. We tested whether pregnant and lactating females interfere with the sexual activity of their male friend to prevent new conceptions that might lead to the subsequent dilution of his paternal care. We found that pregnant and lactating females were more aggressive towards oestrous females when they had recently conceived themselves, and when the oestrous female was mate-guarded by, and showed greater sexual activity with, their male friend. This aggression also reduced the likelihood of conception of the targeted female. These findings indicate that females can aggressively prevent further conceptions with their offspring's carer through reproductive suppression. Competition over access to paternal care may play an important and underestimated role in shaping female social relationships and reproductive strategies in promiscuous mammalian societies.

Men on Losing a Male to Suicide: A Gender Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. 1383-1394
Author(s):  
John L. Oliffe ◽  
Alex Broom ◽  
Mary T. Kelly ◽  
Joan L. Bottorff ◽  
Genevieve M. Creighton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Family Member ◽  
Knowledge Gap ◽  
Gender Analysis ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Male Suicide ◽  
Male Friend

Although male suicide has received research attention, the gendered experiences of men bereaved by male suicide are poorly understood. Addressing this knowledge gap, we share findings drawn from a photovoice study of Canadian-based men who had lost a male friend, partner, or family member to suicide. Two categories depicting the men’s overall account of the suicide were inductively derived: (a) unforeseen suicide and (b) rationalized suicide. The “unforeseen suicides” referred to deaths that occurred without warning wherein participants spoke to tensions between having no idea that the deceased was at risk while reflecting on what they might have done to prevent the suicide. In contrast, “rationalized suicides” detailed an array of preexisting risk factors including mental illness and/or substance overuse to discuss cause–effect scenarios. Commonalities in unforeseen and rationalized suicides are discussed in the overarching theme, “managing emotions” whereby participants distanced themselves, but also drew meaning from the suicide.

SOCIAL BONDS AND THE COHERENCE OF MOUNTAIN BABOON TROOPS

Behaviour ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 137 (5) ◽  
pp. 663-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Social Bonds ◽  
Social Orientation ◽  
Papio Cynocephalus ◽  
Hamadryas Baboons ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Group Competition ◽  
The Social ◽  
Male Friend ◽  
Do So

AbstractFemale chacma baboons (Papio cynocephalus ursinus) in the Drakensberg mountains, experiencing neither predation nor within-group competition, structure their social relationships with other females in order to sustain reciprocated grooming (Henzi et al., 1997b). To do so, they cap, where time constraints demand, the size of their grooming cliques. From this we have assumed that the social orientation of mountain baboon females is primarily towards other females and that fission is a consequence of the increasing differentiation of cliques, leading to one or a few females following a male 'friend' when he departs. An alternative argument (Barton et al., 1996) is that, where predation or within-group competition do not occur, neither should female-bonded groups. In this view, females under such conditions should be 'cross-bonded' to males, each group male associating with a few females in the manner of hamadryas baboons (P. c. hamadryas). We test this prediction of 'cross-bonding' at both troop and individual level and find no evidence to support it. We then present data on fission events which argue for fission in the Drakensberg being due to the departure of small one-male units. However, the data do not support, unequivocally, the proposal that females leave with male 'friends'. They do, however, always leave with a male who has fathered at least one of their non-adult offspring.

The Impact of Psychological Gender, Gender-Related Perceptions, Significant Others, and the Introducer of Technology upon Computer Anxiety in Students

1998 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark J. Brosnan
Keyword(s):  
Sex Difference ◽  
Computer Anxiety ◽  
Significant Others ◽  
Psychological Gender ◽  
Male Friend ◽  
Male Activity ◽  
The Impact

The gender-related effects of masculinity, femininity, and perceiving technology to be masculinized upon computer anxiety in undergraduates is investigated in addition to the effect of significant others who use computers and the introducer of the technology. The results demonstrate a sex difference, females reporting higher levels of computer anxiety than males. For females, computer anxiety negatively correlated with masculinity, while femininity positively correlated with computer anxiety for males. Sixty-four percent of females agreed that computing was a male activity and that men were better at computing than women. Females who agreed with this latter statement were significantly less computer anxious than females who did not agree with this statement. Additionally, over 40 percent of the variance in female computer anxiety was accounted for by age and having a male friend who used a computer, suggesting that females use males for computer-related support as a strategy to reduce anxiety.

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