scholarly journals Third Molar Agenesis and Craniofacial Morphology

2009 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 473-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
María José Sánchez ◽  
Ascensión Vicente ◽  
Luis Alberto Bravo
Keyword(s):  
Third Molar ◽  
Craniofacial Morphology ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Discrimination Analysis ◽  
Third Molar Agenesis ◽  
Mandibular Plane ◽  
Wisdom Teeth ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Mandibular Third Molars

Abstract Objective: To test the null hypothesis that agenesis of wisdom teeth is not related with any particular craniofacial morphology. Materials and Methods: Ninety-seven patients (aged 13–19 years) were selected and divided into three groups: (1) bilateral agenesis of maxillary third molars, (2) bilateral agenesis of mandibular third molars, and (3) control group without agenesis. Presence or absence of third molars was determined using ortopantomographs. Cephalometric analysis was carried out from lateral teleradiographs, which included linear, angular, and proportional measurements. When data obtained were distributed normally it was analyzed by means of single-factor variance analysis and the Scheffé test (P < .05). When data did not show normality, the Kruskal-Wallis test (P < .05) and the Mann-Whitney test were applied using Bonferroni correction (P < .017). Multivariance discrimination analysis was also carried out. Results: Values obtained for the mandibular plain of Groups 1 and 2 were significantly lower than those of the Control Group (P =.00 and P =.00, respectively). For Group 2 lower face height was significantly less than for the control group (P =.01), whilst the mandibular arch and the articular angle were significantly greater than in the Control Group (P =.000 and P = .02, respectively). Multivariance discrimination analysis obtained a correct classification in 58.8% of cases. Conclusion: The hypothesis is rejected. Agenesis of the maxillary third molars was related to a reduced mandibular plane angle. Patients with agenesis of the mandibular third molars showed a diminished lower third and a mandibular morphology characteristic of the brachyfacial pattern.

scholarly journals Vertical eruption patterns of impacted mandibular third molars after the mesialization of second molars using miniscrews

2014 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 565-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Un-Bong Baik ◽  
Yoon-Ah Kook ◽  
Mohamed Bayome ◽  
Je-Uk Park ◽  
Jae Hyun Park
Keyword(s):  
Third Molar ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Panoramic Radiographs ◽  
Second Molar ◽  
Space Closure ◽  
Impacted Mandibular Third Molars ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Mandibular Third Molars ◽  
Group 1

ABSTRACT Objective:  To investigate (1) whether vertical eruption of impacted third molars improves after mesialization of second molars and (2) what factors affect the vertical eruption of impacted third molars when space caused by missing molars is successfully closed by mesialization of the second molar using miniscrews. Materials and Methods:  The treatment group (Group 1) included 52 patients who had (1) missing mandibular first molars (ML-6) or missing deciduous mandibular second molars (ML-E), (2) initially impacted mandibular third molars, and (3) successful space closure of the edentulous area with orthodontics. Panoramic radiographs at start of treatment (T1) and at time of space closure (T2) were collected. The control group (Group 2) included 46 nonedentulous patients with impacted mandibular third molars without molar protraction treatment. Panoramic radiographs with similar T1/T2 treatment times were selected. Nine measurements were obtained regarding horizontal available space, vertical eruption, and third molar angulation. Results:  Third molars erupted vertically an average of 2.54 mm in Group 1 compared with 0.41 mm in Group 2. Age, gender, Nolla stage, and angle of the third molars did not show significant correlations with the vertical change of the impacted third molars, whereas the depth of third molar impaction and available space showed significant correlations. Conclusions:  Impacted mandibular third molars vertically erupt as a result of uprighting with mesialization of the second molar, and vertical eruption is affected by the initial vertical location of impacted third molars and available space.

scholarly journals Third molar agenesis in modern humans with and without other tooth agenesis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya Scheiwiller ◽  
Elias S. Oeschger ◽  
Nikolaos Gkantidis
Keyword(s):  
Third Molar ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tooth Agenesis ◽  
Evolutionary Trend ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Modern Humans ◽  
Lower Jaw ◽  
Third Molar Agenesis ◽  
Evolutionary Aspects ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background The number of teeth in the human dentition attracts special interest both from developmental and evolutionary aspects. The present case-control study focused on the formation of third molars in modern humans aiming to shed more light in this long lasting enigma.Methods For this reason, we investigated third molar formation in a sample of 303 individuals with tooth agenesis other than in third molars (agenesis group) and compared it to a sex and age matched control group of 303 individuals without tooth agenesis other than in third molars.Results The prevalence of third molar agenesis in the agenesis group was 50.8%, which is significantly higher than the 20.5% in the control group (p < 0.001). The chance of a missing third molar in the agenesis group was increased by 38.3% (p < 0.001), after controlling for the other tooth agenesis factor. When considering the percentages of the number of missing third molars per individual, a clear tendency towards more missing third molars was evident in the agenesis group compared to the control group. The frequency of bilaterally missing third molars in the agenesis group was 29% in the upper as well as in the lower jaw, which is about three times higher than the frequency of unilaterally missing third molars (p < 0.001). In the control group, bilaterally missing third molars occurred in 8.6% in the upper and 8.9% in the lower jaw.Conclusion The present results indicate that genetic factors involved in certain tooth agenesis also affect the entire dentition as a whole. Furthermore, the third molars are more vulnerable to factors involved in other tooth agenesis and they are more often affected as a total. These findings seem to be associated with the evolutionary trend in humans towards reduced molar number.

scholarly journals Influence of Lidocaine including Buprenorphine for Postoperative Analgesia after the Extraction of Mandibular Third Molars: A Randomized Controlled, Double-Blind, Split-Mouth Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Nimrat K. Jawanda ◽  
Anand Shukla ◽  
Anupam Singh ◽  
Kalyana C. Pentapati ◽  
Srikanth Gadicherla
Keyword(s):  
Opioid Receptors ◽  
Postoperative Analgesia ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Surgical Extraction ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Impacted Mandibular Third Molars ◽  
Mandibular Third Molars ◽  
And Control

Background. The presence of opioid receptors around the peripheral nerves offers the possibility of providing postoperative analgesia, thereby encouraging the study of the effect of opioids in combination with local anesthesia (LA). Studies have also reported the efficacy of peripherally administered opioids in achieving adequate analgesia in regions with inflammation. Applying the concept of peripheral opioid receptors, our study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of opioid analgesia in managing postoperative pain. The split-mouth study was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of buprenorphine added to lidocaine 2% in providing postoperative analgesia after the surgical extraction of the impacted mandibular third molar. Materials and Methods. We conducted a randomized, double-blinded, split-mouth trial among 21 patients with impacted mandibular third molars bilaterally. In all patients, bilateral impacted mandibular third molars were extracted at different periods. The primary outcomes assessed were postoperative analgesia by the VAS score and the number of rescue analgesics consumed by patients at 24, 48, and 72 hours of interval via a questionnaire. Results. There was a statistical significant difference in postoperative analgesia duration at 24 (P = 0.012) and 48 hours (P = 0.024), respectively, between the test and control group. Even though the mean number of rescue analgesics consumed by the test group was less than that of the control group, no significant difference was seen. Conclusion. Buprenorphine added to lidocaine 2% showed a minimal decrease in the pain score and duration of postoperative analgesia with no difference in the frequency of rescue analgesics consumed between the test and control.

scholarly journals Effect of Intraoral Drainage after Impacted Mandibular Third Molar Extraction on Non-Infectious Postoperative Complications

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (20) ◽  
pp. 4705
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Trybek ◽  
Joanna Jarzęcka ◽  
Olga Preuss ◽  
Aleksandra Jaroń
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Third Molar Extraction ◽  
Mandibular Third Molar ◽  
Wisdom Teeth ◽  
Group B ◽  
Mandibular Third Molars

Surgical removal of mandibular third molars is associated with non-infectious postoperative complications, including pain, swelling, trismus. Intraoral drains are noteworthy because of their ease of application, availability, and effectiveness. This study aimed to evaluate the use of latex and calcium–sodium alginate mouth flat drains on the severity of postoperative complications such as pain, trismus, and edema after surgical removal of mandibular third molars. Ninety patients who underwent surgical removal of wisdom teeth were studied. The patients were divided into three groups. Group A—with a latex flat drain, group B—with a sodium–calcium alginate (Kaltostat) flat drain, and group C—with a wound closed with knotted sutures. Patients were assessed for pain on a VAS scale every day from surgery to postoperative day 7. Before the procedure and on postoperative days 1, 2, and 7, the pain level, edema, and trismus were measured, respectively. Intraoral drainage with a flat drain after mandibular third molar removal does not significantly reduce pain, as measured by the VAS scale, or postoperative swelling, as measured by lines between craniometric points. Intraoral drainage with a latex drain after mandibular third molar removal does not significantly reduce trismus, while intraoral drainage with a calcium–sodium alginate drainage bag significantly increases trismus.

scholarly journals 270 A Retrospective Analysis of The Impaction Status of Mandibular Third Molars as A Risk Factor for Fractures of Angle or Condylar Region of The Mandible

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_6) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Al-Harbawee
Keyword(s):  
Third Molar ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Class I ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Mandibular Angle ◽  
Wisdom Teeth ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Mandibular Third Molars ◽  
Angle Fractures ◽  
Condylar Fractures

Abstract Background the position and angulation of mandibular third molars have both been found to influence the angle and condylar fractures. Objective: To identify whether there is an association between the depth and angulation of third molar impaction and the relative risk of fracture of the mandibular angle and condyle. Method Four-hundred and eighty-two panoramic dental radiographs were assessed for the period from January 2012 to June 2020. The study variables included the presence of mandibular third molars, position and angulation. The outcome variables were angle and condylar fractures. Results the mean age was 28.5 years (range 15-89) and 93.2% (n = 499) were male. Angle fractures were significantly more frequent with an impacted wisdom tooth (M3) ( p = 0.023) whereas condylar fractures were more commonly associated with a fully erupted M3. The highest incidence of angle fractures was observed with wisdom teeth classified as class II ( p = 0.026) and position B ( p = 0.05). In contrast, class I wisdom molars were more frequently associated with condylar fractures. With regards to the angulation of wisdom teeth, angles between 80 o – 100 o were highly correlated with angle fractures ( p = 0.020) whereas M3 angulations of 60 o – 80 o were related to condylar injuries (p = 0.025). Conclusions fractures of the mandibular angle were significantly associated with Class II and position B wisdom teeth whereas class I third molars were associated with fracture of the condyles. The likelihood of angle and condylar fractures almost doubled when M3 angulations were (80-100) and (60-80) respectively.

scholarly journals Relationship between Third Molar Agenesis and Other Dental Anomalies

2019 ◽  
Vol 07 (01) ◽  
pp. 023-027
Author(s):  
Stuti Gulati ◽  
Divya Singla ◽  
Sanjay Mittal ◽  
Mandeep Bhullar ◽  
Isha Aggarwal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Third Molar ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Dental Anomalies ◽  
Supernumerary Teeth ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Impacted Canines ◽  
The North ◽  
Third Molar Agenesis ◽  
Chi Square Test

Abstract Objective The purpose of this study was to find the prevalence of dental abnormalities in patients with third molar agenesis, and a comparison was made for the prevalence of those anomalies within the north Indian natives. Materials and Methods Pretreatment records of 518 patients were collected. Out of 518 patients whose records were analyzed, 472 patient records were selected on the basis of inclusion and exclusion standards. Panoramic radiographs and dental casts were analyzed in patients who had an absence of at least one third molar in which absence of any other tooth, presence of supernumerary teeth, presence of impacted canines, and peg-shaped lateral incisors were further assessed. The prevalence of these anomalies was compared with a randomly selected group of patients with presence of third molars that served as controls. Statistical analysis was done using the chi-square test (p < 0.05) and odds ratio. Results The incidence of third molar nondevelopment was found to be 19.2%. The presence of other anomalies was 39.5% in patients with third molar nondevelopment, and difference was statistically significant. The occurrence of impacted canines in patients with absence of third molars was 22%, and presence of third molars was 6.6%. The presence of other dental anomalies, that is, supernumerary teeth and tooth agenesis, was 7.7% in the agenesis group, which was also higher than that in the control group (3.3%) but was not statistically significant. The incidence of peg-shaped lateral incisors was similar in both the groups. Conclusion Impacted canines and total dental anomalies are more often related with absence of third molars than with the presence of third molars.

scholarly journals Third molar tooth agenesis and pattern of impaction in patients with palatally displaced canines

2018 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-70
Author(s):  
Elham S. Abu Alhaija ◽  
Fedaa T. Wazwaz
Keyword(s):  
Third Molar ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tooth Agenesis ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Missing Teeth ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Third Molar Agenesis ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control

ABSTRACT Objectives: To investigate the association between third molar agenesis and pattern of impaction, missing teeth, and peg-shaped lateral incisor with palatal canine displacement (PDC). Materials and Methods: The pretreatment orthodontic orthopantomograms of 438 patients (122 males and 316 females) diagnosed with PDC were included. A total of 338 patients with normally erupted canines who had a preexisting radiograph as part of their orthodontic treatment (125 males and 313 females) served as controls. Orthopantomograms were evaluated for missing third molars, third molar eruption status, and type of impaction, third molar spaces, third molar width, and angulation. Results: In the PDC group, at least one third molar was missing in 48% and 19% in the upper and lower arches, respectively. Also, 38% and 67% of PDC patients had at least one third molar impaction in the upper and lower arches, respectively. The difference between the PDC and control groups was significant for both missing and impacted third molars (P &lt; .001 for each). The most common type of third molar impaction in the upper arch was vertical and distoangular in the PDC and control groups, respectively. Upper and lower third molar width and spaces were reduced in PDC patients when compared with the control group (P &lt; .001). In PDC patients, missing teeth and peg-shaped lateral incisors were recorded in 5.6% and 9.1%, respectively. Conclusions: PDC patients showed a high prevalence of third molar agenesis and impaction. Upper and lower third molar width and space were reduced in the PDC patients. There were no significant associations between tooth agenesis (other than third molars) and the PDC anomaly.

scholarly journals The use of piezosurgery for mandibular third molar extraction

2014 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 203-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nenad Tanaskovic ◽  
Miroslav Lucic
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Inferior Alveolar Nerve ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Mouth Opening ◽  
Standard Group ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Wisdom Teeth ◽  
Impacted Mandibular Third Molars ◽  
Mandibular Third Molars

Introduction. Extraction of impacted mandibular third molars is often accompanied by intraoperative and postoperative complications such as damage of the inferior alveolar nerve, prolonged difficulty in mouth opening, alveolitis, pain and swelling in the region of surgery. The aim of this study was to compare two surgical techniques (standard and piezo) in the extraction of mandibular third molars and to assess their postoperative complications. Material and Methods. Study included 16 patients (8 male and 8 female) age 17 to 32 years treated in the period from 2012 to 2014. All patients had both mandibular molars impacted. One third molar was extracted using classical technique while the other one using a piezo device. Preoperative preparation was the same for all patients and included radiological analysis and verification of teeth by ortopan tomography (OPG) and CT. Patients were assessed one, seven and 14 days after the procedure. Results. After the extraction, all patients were followed for postoperative symptoms: pain, swelling and paresthesia of the inferior alveolar nerve. The results confirmed advantages of piezosurgery in the removal of impacted mandibular third molars. Average duration of the intervention was 18 minutes with standard technique while the duration with piezo technique was 23 minutes. According to the visual-analog scale (VAS) the average pain in the standard group was 9 whereas in the piezo group it was 6. Postoperative swelling was 10 mm (pronounced) the first day after the procedure in the standard group while in the piezo group it was 6 mm (moderate). Conclusion. The use of piezo technology for the extraction of impacted wisdom teeth is reliable method which reduces the risk of the most common postoperative complications following mandibular wisdom teeth removal.

scholarly journals Third molar agenesis in modern humans with and without agenesis of other teeth

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e10367
Author(s):  
Maya Scheiwiller ◽  
Elias S. Oeschger ◽  
Nikolaos Gkantidis
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Evolutionary Trend ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Modern Humans ◽  
Third Molar Agenesis ◽  
Evolutionary Aspects ◽  
Control Study

Background The number of teeth in the human dentition is of interest both from developmental and evolutionary aspects. The present case-control study focused on the formation of third molars in modern humans aiming to shed more light on the most variable tooth class in the dentition. Materials and Methods For this reason, we investigated third molar formation in a sample of 303 individuals with agenesis of teeth other than third molars (agenesis group) and compared it to a sex and age matched control group of 303 individuals without agenesis of teeth other than third molars. Results The prevalence of third molar agenesis in the agenesis group was 50.8%, which is significantly higher than the 20.5% in the control group (p < 0.001). The chance of a missing third molar in the agenesis group was increased by 38.3% (p < 0.001), after controlling for the agenesis in other teeth factor. When considering the amount of missing third molars per individual, a clear tendency towards more missing third molars was evident in the agenesis group compared to the control group. The frequency of bilaterally missing third molars in the agenesis group was 29% in the maxilla, as well as in the mandible, which is about three times higher than the frequency of unilaterally missing third molars (p < 0.001). In the control group, bilaterally missing third molars occurred in 8.6% in the maxilla and 8.9% in the mandible. Conclusion The present results indicate that genetic factors involved in tooth agenesis affect also the dentition as a whole. Furthermore, the third molars are more vulnerable to factors involved in agenesis of other teeth and they are more often affected as a whole. These findings seem to be associated with the evolutionary trend in humans towards reduced molar number.

scholarly journals Third molar agenesis in modern humans with and without agenesis of other teeth

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya Scheiwiller ◽  
Elias S. Oeschger ◽  
Nikolaos Gkantidis
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Evolutionary Trend ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Modern Humans ◽  
Third Molar Agenesis ◽  
Evolutionary Aspects ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background The number of teeth in the human dentition is of interest both from developmental and evolutionary aspects. The present case-control study focused on the formation of third molars in modern humans aiming to shed more light on the most variable tooth class in the dentition. Methods For this reason, we investigated third molar formation in a sample of 303 individuals with agenesis of teeth other than third molars (agenesis group) and compared it to a sex and age matched control group of 303 individuals without agenesis of teeth other than third molars. Results The prevalence of third molar agenesis in the agenesis group was 50.8%, which is significantly higher than the 20.5% in the control group (p < 0.001). The chance of a missing third molar in the agenesis group was increased by 38.3% (p < 0.001), after controlling for the agenesis in other teeth factor. When considering the amount of missing third molars per individual, a clear tendency towards more missing third molars was evident in the agenesis group compared to the control group. The frequency of bilaterally missing third molars in the agenesis group was 29% in the maxilla, as well as in the mandible, which is about three times higher than the frequency of unilaterally missing third molars (p < 0.001). In the control group, bilaterally missing third molars occurred in 8.6% in the maxilla and 8.9% in the mandible. Conclusion The present results indicate that genetic factors involved in tooth agenesis affect also the dentition as a whole. Furthermore, the third molars are more vulnerable to factors involved in agenesis of other teeth and they are more often affected as a whole. These findings seem to be associated with the evolutionary trend in humans towards reduced molar number.

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