scholarly journals A novel experimental model for studying transverse orthodontic tooth movement in the rat mandible

2013 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 774-781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayad Alsagheer ◽  
Loren W. Kline ◽  
Michael R. Doschak ◽  
Paul W. Major
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Radiographic Examination ◽  
Control Group ◽  
End Point ◽  
Computed Tomography Images ◽  
Rat Mandible ◽  
Experimental Group

ABSTRACT Objectives: To establish a rat model of a one-piece mandible using the principles of gingivoperiosteoplasty and guided bone regeneration to fuse the midline symphyseal area. Material and Methods: Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley female rats were divided into two groups: 12 experimental and 12 control. Both groups were imaged using in vivo micro-computed tomography at baseline and at end point (5 months). The experimental group received regenerative surgery at the symphysis area; the control group received no treatment. Outcomes were evaluated by radiographic examination of gross and volumetric bony changes in the symphyseal region of interest marked between the mental foramina bilaterally and the two central incisors near the most coronal margin of the alveolar crests. These landmarks were chosen as they can be reproduced on the computed tomography images at baseline and end point. Histologic examination was performed on all samples at a level 5 mm apical to the alveolar bone crest. Results: Radiologic and histologic examinations of the experimental group revealed complete bony fusion of the symphyseal area in three subjects, partial fusion in five subjects, and thickening of the alveolar bony socket in three subjects; one rat died of anesthesia-related complications. No evidence of fusion or alveolar bone thickening was found in any of the controls. Conclusions: This surgical animal model demonstrates that a rat mandible can be surgically manipulated to mimic the one-piece human mandible. This novel model may prove useful in studying mandibular bone remodeling and orthodontic mandibular tooth movement.

scholarly journals Tooth and bone changes after initial anterior dental alignment using preformed vs customized nickel titanium archwires in adults: A randomized clinical trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 425-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Papatpong Phermsang-ngarm ◽  
Chairat Charoemratrote
Keyword(s):  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Nickel Titanium ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
Incisor Tooth ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Bone Changes ◽  
Experimental Group

ABSTRACT Objectives: To compare tooth movement achieved, time required for alignment, root resorption, and alveolar bone thickness changes during initial dental alignment between groups treated with 0.012-inch preformed heat-activated or customized nickel titanium (NiTi) archwires. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two subjects (mean age 19.8 ± 1.7 years) with severe crowding of maxillary anterior teeth had premolar extractions and were randomly allocated into control and experimental groups receiving preformed heat-activated and customized NiTi archwires, respectively. Limited field of view cone-beam computed tomographies were taken initially (T0) and three months after final alignment (TF) to evaluate bone changes. Digital model analysis assessed tooth movement at monthly intervals. Time to achieve alignment was assessed in months. Wilcoxon signed-rank tests and Mann–Whitney U-tests were used to compare changes within and between groups, as appropriate. Results: Central incisor tooth movement was significantly different (all P ≤ .003) between groups at all time points. TF-T0 showed labial movement (0.75 ± 1.42 mm) in the control group and palatal movement (−0.96 ± 0.41 mm) in the experimental group. The experimental compared to control group showed significantly more canine distal movement (0.60 ± 0.28 mm; P ≤ .049), less labial bone thickness changes (P ≤ .004), less root resorption of the central and lateral incisors (P ≤ .007), and a longer time to achieve alignment (P = .01). Conclusions: The experimental group exhibited palatal movement of the central incisors, more canine distal movement with less bone thickness changes, and less root resorption but took more time to achieve alignment than the control group.

Mind the Gap: Alveolar Bone Graft Revision in the Era of Computed Tomography

2021 ◽  
pp. 105566562110026
Author(s):  
Ema Zubovic ◽  
Gary B. Skolnick ◽  
Abdullah M. Said ◽  
Richard J. Nissen ◽  
Alison K. Snyder-Warwick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Bone Grafting ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Radiographic Examination ◽  
Graft Take ◽  
Alveolar Bone Grafting ◽  
Ct Evaluation

Objective: To determine the rate of revision alveolar bone grafting (ABG) in patients with cleft lip and palate (CLP) before and after the introduction of postoperative computed tomography (CT). Design: Retrospective case–control study analyzing the incidence of revision ABG in patients with and without postoperative CT scans for graft success evaluation. Setting: Academic tertiary care pediatric hospital. Patients: Eighty-seven patients with CLP or cleft lip and alveolus treated with autologous iliac crest bone grafting for alveolar clefts over a 10-year period (January 2009 to March 2019) with minimum 6-month follow-up. Fifty patients had postoperative CT evaluation; 37 did not. Interventions: Postoperative CT to determine ABG success, versus standard clinical examination and 2-dimensional radiographs. Main Outcome Measures: Requirement for revision ABG, defined as failure of the original graft by clinical or radiographic examination. Results: Fifty-eight percent of patients underwent a postoperative CT scan at median interval of 10 months after surgery. Patients with postoperative CT evaluation had a 44% rate of revision ABG (22/50) for inadequate graft take, compared to 5% (2/37) in patients without postoperative CT ( P < .001; 95% CT, 31%-58% in the CT group, 1%-16% in the non-CT group). Conclusions: Computed tomography evaluation after ABG is associated with a significantly increased revision rate for inadequate graft take. The presence of a secondary palatal fistula at the time of original ABG is not associated with revision requirement. Lack of standardized dental and orthodontic records complicates the study of ABG outcomes and presents an area for systems-based improvement.

scholarly journals Application of 3D tooth model for monitoring of implant space and inter-root distance without radiographs: a proof of concept study

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyungmin Lee ◽  
Gyu-Hyoung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Treatment Evaluation ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Cbct Image ◽  
Root Position

Abstract Background Radiographs are integral in evaluating implant space and inter-root distance. The purpose of this report is to introduce a method for evaluating the 3D root position with minimal radiation using a 3D tooth model composed of an intraoral-scanned crown and a cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT)-scanned root. Materials and methods Intraoral scan and CBCT scan of the patient were obtained before treatment. In the CBCT image, tooth segmentation was performed by isolating individual teeth from the maxillary and mandibular alveolar bone using software program. The 3D tooth model was fabricated by combining segmented individual teeth with the intraoral scan. Results A post-treatment intraoral scan was integrated into the tooth model, and the resulting position of the root could be predicted without additional radiographs. It is possible to monitor the root position after a pretreatment CBCT scan using a 3D tooth model without additional radiographs. Conclusion The application of the 3D tooth model benefits the patient by reducing repeated radiation exposure while providing the clinician with a precise treatment evaluation to monitor tooth movement.

scholarly journals Particulate bioglass in the regeneration of alveolar bone in dogs: clinical, surgical and radiographic evaluations

Revista CERES ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-154
Author(s):  
Alexandre Couto Tsiomis ◽  
Andréa Pacheco Batista Borges ◽  
Ana Paula Falci Daibert ◽  
Tatiana Schmitz Duarte ◽  
Emily Correna Carlo Reis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Bone Substitute ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Gradual Increase ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Radiographic Examination ◽  
Control Group ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Clinical Evaluations ◽  
Radiological Analysis

Bone loss, either by trauma or other diseases, generates an increasing need for substitutes of this tissue. This study evaluated Bioglass as a bone substitute in the regeneration of the alveolar bone in mandibles of dogs by clinical, surgical and radiological analysis. Twenty-eight adult dogs were randomly separated into two equal groups. In each animal, a bone defect was created on the vestibular surface of the alveolar bone between the roots of the fourth right premolar tooth. In the treated group, the defect was immediately filled with bioglass, while in the control, it remained unfilled. Clinical evaluations were performed daily for a week, as well as x-rays immediately after surgery and at 8, 14, 21, 42, 60, 90 and 120 days post-operative. Most animals in both groups showed no signs of inflammation and wound healing was similar. Radiographic examination revealed a gradual increase of radiopacity in the region of the defect in the control group. In the treated group, initial radiopacity was higher than that of adjacent bone, decreasing until 21 days after surgery. Then it gradually increased until 120 days after surgery, when the defect became undetectable. The results showed that Bioglass integrates into bone tissue, is biocompatible and reduced the period for complete bone regeneration.

scholarly journals Bone dehiscence formation during orthodontic tooth movement through atrophic alveolar ridges

2019 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-329
Author(s):  
Adilson Luiz Ramos ◽  
Monique Cimão dos Santos ◽  
Márcio Rodrigues de Almeida ◽  
Carlos Flores Mir
Keyword(s):  
Null Hypothesis ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Alveolar Ridge ◽  
Bone Height

ABSTRACT Objectives To test the null hypothesis that there is no difference in bone dehiscence formation before and after orthodontic tooth movement through an atrophic alveolar ridge. Material and Methods This longitudinal retrospective study evaluated pretreatment and posttreatment cone-beam computed tomography imaging of 15 adult patients. Twenty-five teeth were moved through the atrophic alveolar bone, whereas 25 teeth not subjected to translational movement were considered controls. The distances between the cementoenamel junction and the alveolar bone crest were assessed at the mesial, distal, buccal, and lingual surfaces of all of these teeth. Data were compared using the Wilcoxon test. The Spearman correlation test and multivariate linear regression analysis were also performed. Results In general, crestal bone height was reduced around 0.5 mm in all groups in every direction. Median buccal dehiscence increased significantly (+2.25 mm) (P &lt; .05) in teeth moved through the atrophic ridge. Control teeth also had buccal crest loss (+0.83 mm), but this was not statistically different from that of the experimental teeth. Lingual dehiscence increased significantly for the experimental (+0.17 mm) and control (+0.65 mm) groups. Mesial bone height decreased more in the control group (–0.44mm) than in the experimental group (–0.14mm). There was moderate correlation between amount of tooth movement and alveolar bone loss. Conclusions The null hypothesis was rejected as dehiscence increased after tooth movement through an atrophic alveolar ridge, mainly in the buccal plate.

Locally Inhibition of Orthodontic Relapse by Injection of Carbonated Hydroxy Apatite-Advanced Platelet Rich Fibrin in a Rabbit Model

2017 ◽  
Vol 758 ◽  
pp. 255-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ananto Ali Alhasyimi ◽  
Pinandi Sri Pudyani ◽  
Widya Asmara ◽  
Ika Dewi Ana
Keyword(s):  
Bone Remodeling ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hydroxy Apatite ◽  
Carbonated Apatite ◽  
Alveolar Bone Remodeling

Relapse is considered a significant failure after orthodontic treatment. In response to relapse, RANKL expressions will increase, while OPG expressions will decrease. CHA is thought to be one of an ideal candidate for enhancing bone formation. Moreover, a-PRF is a source high levels of growth factors that play a central role in the bone remodeling. This research was intended to investigate the effect of hydrogel CHA-aPRF in preventing relapse. Hydrogel-CHA was initially designed, with its degradation profile and FTIR (Fourie’s Transform Infrared) spectra were investigated as the basis to find out optimum formulation before incorporated with aPRF. Hydrogel-CHA microspheres were prepared in 3 different compositions: those were encoded 30-CHA, 40-CHA, and 50-CHA. After the hydrogel formulation and characterization were completed, 10 mL blood samples were collected, then centrifuged at 1500 rpm for 14 min. At the end of the centrifugation process, the aPRF clot was isolated and then pressed to obtain their releasate. The releasate aPRF was then loaded into the best formulation candidate of hydrogel CHA. The hydrogel incorporated aPRF was then gently injected on the mesial side of incisor gingival sulcus of the rabbit after orthodontic tooth movement. The FTIR analysis showed that carbonated apatite was successfully developed during the fabrication process of hydrogel-CHA microspheres. It was also known that degradation profile of 30-CHA was considered ideal compared to the other compositions. The application of CHA-aPRF (group C) was proven to significantly prevent relapse, indicated by lowest percentage of relapse 21 days after debonding (29.95±3.91%) compared to control group. Furthermore, it has been found that expressions of RANKL were significantly lowest (p<0.05) in group C on day 0, 3, and 7, while OPG expressions showed significantly highest (p<0.05) in group C on day 14 and 21 after debonding. These results indicate that incorporation of hydrogel-CHA has potential effect to enhance alveolar bone remodeling and prevent orthodontic relapse by stimulates OPG expression and suppresses RANKL expression.

scholarly journals Distribution of mandibular trabeculae bone volume fraction in relation to different MOP intervals for accelerating orthodontic tooth movement:

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 774-782
Author(s):  
Ng Heng Khiang Teh ◽  
Saritha Sivarajan ◽  
Muhammad Khan Asif ◽  
Norliza Ibrahim ◽  
Mang Chek Wey
Keyword(s):  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Bone Volume ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Bone Volume Fraction ◽  
Interval Group ◽  
Canine Retraction ◽  
Computed Tomography Images

ABSTRACT Objectives To investigate the effect of micro-osteoperforation (MOP) on the horizontal and vertical distribution of mandibular trabeculae bone volume fraction in relation to different MOP intervals during canine retraction. Materials and Methods This single-center, single-blinded, prospective randomized split-mouth clinical trial included 30 healthy participants aged 18 years and older, randomized into three groups of different MOP intervals (4, 8, and 12-weekly). Cone beam computed tomography images were taken to assess the bone volume fraction (bone volume over total volume or BV/TV). Results BV/TV was significantly reduced (mean difference: 9.79%, standard deviation [SD]: 11.89%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.77, 14.81%; P &lt; .01) and canine retraction increased (mean difference: -1.25 mm/4 mo, SD: 0.79 mm; 95% CI: -1.59, -0.92 mm; P &lt; .01) with MOP, compared to control sites. MOP significantly changed the vertical and horizontal patterns of trabeculae bone with lower values nearer to intervention sites. Only the 4-weekly MOP interval group showed significant decrease in BV/TV (mean difference: 14.73%, SD: 12.88%; 95% CI: 3.96, 25.50%; P = .01) despite significant increase in canine retraction rate for all interval groups. With the use of MOP, BV/TV was found to be inversely correlated to the rate of canine retraction (r = -0.425; P = .04). Conclusions Mandibular trabecular alveolar bone volume fraction was reduced and rate of orthodontic tooth movement increased with MOP, especially in the 4-weekly interval. However, this effect was limited to the immediate interdental region of MOP.

scholarly journals The In vivo evaluation of anticryptosporidiosis activity of the methanolic extract of the plant Umbilicus rupestris

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
AFAF BENHOUDA ◽  
DJAHIDA BENHOUDA ◽  
MASSINISSA YAHIA
Keyword(s):  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation ◽  
Group I ◽  
Cryptosporidium Oocysts ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract. Benhouda A, Benhouda D, Yahia M. 2019. In vivo evaluation of anticryptosporidiosis activity of the methanolic extract of the plant Umbilicus rupestris. Biodiversitas 20: 3478-3483. Umbilicus rupestris (Crassulaceae) is a medicinal plant used in general traditional medicine to cure inflammation and irritation of the skin. The present research is aimed to evaluate the antiparasitic activity of the methanolic extract of the plant URMeOH of U. rupestris against the Cryptosporidium infection in immunocompetent and immunosuppressed rats experimentally infected. Twenty-one female rats were divided into two groups. Control group (group I) and experimental group (Group II). The group I was further divided into three equal groups (normal group infected and immunosuppressed infected group). The experimental group was divided into two immunosuppressed and four equal groups and two immunocompetent infected. Cryptosporidium oocysts were isolated from bovine species stools and used to infect rats. Experimental subgroups received URMeOH two as dose 100mg/kg b.w. and 200 mg/kg b.w. and continued until 15 days. Two weeks after the administration of URMeOH, feces of rats were examined for the detection of Cryptosporidium oocysts by Ziehl-Neelsen and immunofluorescence techniques, the animals were sacrificed; their small intestines were processed and examined for the detection of pathological lesions after histopathological study. In addition, the activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO) was measured in sections of the jejunum. Concerned the results, we observed a statistically significant (P<0.001) increase in the number of oocysts of Cryptosporidium in the stool for sub infected immunosuppressed groups and an increase of MPO activity compared to the corresponding subgroups immunocompetent subgroups. The URMeOH could remove Cryptosporidium oocysts from feces and intestinal sections subgroup infected immunocompetent rats receiving URMeOH. Moreover, the oocysts were significantly reduced in all other subgroups experimental infected compared to infected control subgroups. Intestinal sections in all subgroups received URMeOH revealed a more or less normal architecture. In addition, the reduction of MPO activity level was also detected in all experimental subgroups.

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