A Correlation Between Rolling Tire Contact Friction Energy and Indoor Tread Wear

2002 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Knisley
Keyword(s):  
Wear Test ◽  
Correlation Equation ◽  
Rolling Contact ◽  
Contact Friction ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Tire Industry ◽  
Laser Measurements ◽  
Tire Wear ◽  
Friction Energy ◽  
Global And Local

Abstract In an effort to reduce tire development time and cost, tire companies have developed accelerated indoor wear test technology and are developing modeling methods to conduct tire wear evaluations in a “virtual” sense. Much automotive and tire industry expertise has been devoted to establishing a relationship between outdoor and indoor wear test results. The development of modeling techniques has focused on the prediction of friction energy in rolling tire contact. A successful “virtual” wear test based on this technique requires an objective link between rolling tire contact friction energy and tire wear. In this paper, a correlation equation using experimentally measured rolling contact friction energy and indoor tread wear is obtained for a specific passenger tire construction. Test equipment and methods for rolling contact measurements and indoor tread wear are described. Laser measurements of tread loss are compared to friction energy results for combined straight-ahead rolling and cornering conditions to establish a reasonable correlation between contact friction energy and tire tread loss on a global and local scale across loading conditions representative of a realistic outdoor wear course.

Prediction of Tire Profile Wear by Steady-State FEM5

2008 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 290-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. R. Smith ◽  
R. H. Kennedy ◽  
S. B. Knisley
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Development Time ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Testing Time ◽  
Tire Industry ◽  
Laser Measurements ◽  
Element Approach ◽  
Friction Energy

Abstract Much research is being done in the tire industry in order to reduce tire development time as well as cost. One such field of particular importance is that of tread wear, where testing time for indoor tests is measured in days, compared to weeks for outdoor tests. Development time could be further reduced if a “virtual wear test” could be performed using a finite element approach to predict friction energy. The purpose of this study is to investigate the link between indoor tread wear profile and steady-state finite element prediction of friction energy. Blank grooved tires of a common construction with three different tread compounds are run through indoor wear tests of different severities to study severity versus compound interaction. The drive files provide a mix of low-speed cornering maneuvers that simulate city driving as well as highway speed steady-state rolling with acceleration and braking events. One drive file places more emphasis on the city maneuvers while the other places emphasis on the highway driving. Using the steady-state finite element model, a composite friction energy is calculated from friction energy predictions at selected loading conditions taken from the drive file events. The composite friction energy profile is finally compared to laser measurements of the worn tire profile to examine the feasibility of a “virtual wear test.”

scholarly journals A DEVELOPMENT OF MULTI PURPOSE TESTING MACHINE FOR FRICTION, WEAR AND ROLLING CONTACT FATIGUE

2012 ◽  
Vol 06 ◽  
pp. 534-539
Author(s):  
GAB-SU CHOI ◽  
YOUNG-SIK PYUN ◽  
JUN-HYOUNG KIM ◽  
HAK-DOO KIM ◽  
YASUTOSHI TOMINAGA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Rolling Contact Fatigue ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Contact Fatigue ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
Rolling Contact ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Friction Characteristics ◽  
Thrust Bearings ◽  
Pin On Disk

In this paper, the newly developed tribometer was introduced. Ball-on-disk, pin-on-disk, small-sized journal and thrust bearings tests on friction and wear were carried out using a newly developed tribometer which is built up according to the ASTM G99. Those friction and wear test results were compared with the friction results which were approved by Korean (KOLAS) and CSM Instruments. The comparison revealed that friction characteristics and trends of three different tribometers were similar to each other. The objective of this paper is to demonstrate the capability of the newly developed tribometer. As a result, the newly developed tribometer is capable of performing friction tests using pin-on-disk, disk-on-disk, journal and thrust bearings configurations.

scholarly journals Dynamic friction energy dissipation and enhanced contrast in high frequency bimodal atomic force microscopy

Friction ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinfeng Tan ◽  
Dan Guo ◽  
Jianbin Luo
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Force Microscopy ◽  
Energy Dissipation ◽  
Contact Friction ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Dynamic Friction ◽  
Contact Mode ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Friction Energy ◽  
New Applications

AbstractDynamic friction occurs not only between two contact objects sliding against each other, but also between two relative sliding surfaces several nanometres apart. Many emerging micro- and nano-mechanical systems that promise new applications in sensors or information technology may suffer or benefit from noncontact friction. Herein we demonstrate the distance-dependent friction energy dissipation between the tip and the heterogeneous polymers by the bimodal atomic force microscopy (AFM) method driving the second order flexural and the first order torsional vibration simultaneously. The pull-in problem caused by the attractive force is avoided, and the friction dissipation can be imaged near the surface. The friction dissipation coefficient concept is proposed and three different contact states are determined from phase and energy dissipation curves. Image contrast is enhanced in the intermediate setpoint region. The work offers an effective method for directly detecting the friction dissipation and high resolution images, which overcomes the disadvantages of existing methods such as contact mode AFM or other contact friction and wear measuring instruments.

Effect of nano Al2O3 coated Ag reinforced Cu matrix nanocomposites on mechanical and tribological behavior synthesis by P/M technique

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (30) ◽  
pp. 4921-4928
Author(s):  
A Mohamed ◽  
MM Mohammed ◽  
AF Ibrahim ◽  
Omyma A El-Kady
Keyword(s):  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Composite Coatings ◽  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Average Hardness ◽  
Ag Particles ◽  
Matrix Nanocomposites

In this study, copper powder was reinforced with different weight percentages of Al2O3 particles (0, 5, 10, and 15 wt.% Al2O3 coated Ag) to produce Cu-Al2O3 composites by mechanical alloying and uniaxial cold pressing/sintering route. Electro-less deposition was used to coat Al2O3 particles with Ag. The microstructure of the consolidated samples was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) elemental mapping. The porosity, microhardness, and wear behavior of the consolidated samples were also investigated as a function of Al2O3 content. The EDX mapping images reveal that the Al2O3 reinforcement particles were homogeneously distributed into the Cu matrix. Microstructural analysis shows that the addition of Al2O3 coated Ag particles improves density of the composites coating. SEM micrographs result shows that slight porosities exist in the composites produced. Furthermore, the average hardness of the composite coatings varies from 72.3 to 187.6 HV as Al2O3 content increases from 0 to 15 wt.%. The wear test results showed that the composite with higher Al2O3 content 15 wt.% showed the best wear resistance.

scholarly journals A Three-Step Approach to Estimation of Reduction Potentials of Natural Mixtures of Antioxidants Based on DPPH Test; Illustration for Catechins and Cocoa

Proceedings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Kusznierewicz ◽  
Monika Baranowska ◽  
Klaudia Suliborska ◽  
Wojciech Chrzanowski ◽  
Agnieszka Bartoszek
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Properties ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Reduction Potential ◽  
Correlation Equation ◽  
Complex Mixtures ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Reduction Potentials ◽  
Dpph Test

The aim of this study is to propose a methodology to assess electrochemical properties of complex mixtures of antioxidants, such as plant extracts, based on the results of simple and popular DPPH test. The first, most difficult step, involves determinations of standard reduction potentials (E0) for the series of purified compounds (here catechins). The next step is the calculation of stoichiometric values (n10) based on the results of DPPH test for the same compounds. Finally, a correlation equation is formulated, which is then employed to estimate “cumulative reduction potential” (Ec) for the mixture of interest (here cocoa) using DPPH test results.

Performance and Wear Test Results for a 20 kW-Class Ion Engine with Carbon-Carbon Grids

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay Polk ◽  
Dan Goebel ◽  
John Synder ◽  
Analyn Schneider ◽  
Lee Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wear Test ◽  
Test Results

Wear Characteristics of Polycrystalline Diamond Compact Drill Bits in Small Diameter Rock Drilling

1985 ◽  
Vol 107 (4) ◽  
pp. 534-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. Hough ◽  
B. Das
Keyword(s):  
Small Diameter ◽  
Polycrystalline Diamond ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Failure Characteristics ◽  
Wear Characteristics ◽  
Drill Bits ◽  
Rotary Speed ◽  
Polycrystalline Diamond Compact ◽  
Single Material

The wear characteristics of polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) drill bits were investigated in the context of drilling small holes in a hard abrasive medium. An efficient method for measuring wear of the PDC drill bits was developed. The wear test results were grouped or categorized in terms of rotary speed, feed and wear or failure characteristics. Contrary to the three classical wear phases (break-in, uniform wear and rapid breakdown) of the single material cutters, four distinctive wear phases were formed for the PDC cutters: I–break-in, II–diamond wear, III–carbide wear, and IV–rapid breakdown. The characteristics of the wear phases were identified and some suggestions were made to alleviate the wear problem.

scholarly journals ON WHEEL–RAIL CONTACT SURFACE PHENOMENA WITH STRUCTURAL CHANGES AND ‘WHITE ETCHING LAYERS’ GENERATION

Transport ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Libor Beneš
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Surface Region ◽  
Rolling Contact ◽  
Contact Friction ◽  
Surface Phenomena ◽  
Wheel Surface ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
High Microhardness ◽  
Stress Formation ◽  
Surface Changes

The main aim of this work was a study of the microstructure transformations with the residual stress formation that is induced by rolling contact friction and adhesive wore in the wheel–rail system. Several small railsurface samples, we term them as the ‘chips’, and a piece of wheel sample were chosen for the analyses of the surface changes on the wheel–rail surface. A multitude of different experiments were carried out in order to analyse the microstructure changes at the surface and the near-surface region of the material samples and, thus, to contribute to the understanding of the complex wheel–rail rolling contact phenomena – and its degradation mechanisms. The formation of nano-structured martensite and carbides on the rail and wheel surface causes the extremely high microhardness valuees and the strong corrosion resistance of the so called White Etching Layers (WEL).

Study on the Wear of Wheel Flange/Rail Gauge Face

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Jin ◽  
Makoto Ishida
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Contact Geometry ◽  
Rolling Contact ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Wear Simulation ◽  
Real Contact ◽  
Laboratory Test Results ◽  
Material Hardness ◽  
Curved Track

This paper describes the measured results of an actual worn rail, stress analysis of wheel/rail corresponding to a real contact, and laboratory test results of wear simulation. In the research the worn rail in sharp curved track was investigated through residual stress measurements and micrographic observation. The contact stresses of wheel/rail were estimated with a three-dimensional FEM elastic-plastic model to study the effect of applied loads and contact geometry on wear progress of wheel and rail. The experimental wear simulation by using a large rolling contact machine has been carried out to estimate the actual wear of wheel/rail, and clarify the influence of material hardness and contact geometry on wear of wheel flange/rail gauge face.

Evaluating the Validity of Rolling Contact Fatigue Test Results

2009 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
John I. McCool ◽  
Raymond Valori
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Test ◽  
Rolling Contact Fatigue ◽  
Contact Fatigue ◽  
Rolling Contact ◽  
Test Results
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document