scholarly journals Læringsfremmende vurderingspraksis på ungdomstrinnet: Funn fra TALIS 2018 og LISA-prosjektet

2021 ◽  
pp. 123-141
Author(s):  
Tone Cecilie Carlsten ◽  
Inger Throndsen ◽  
Kirsti Klette
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Practices ◽  
National Curriculum ◽  
Secondary Level ◽  
Video Data ◽  
Learning System ◽  
Assessment Practices ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
Written Assignments ◽  
National Tests

Assessment practices promoting learning at the lower secondary level: Findings from TALIS 2018 and the LISA project This chapter presents some of the results from the Norwegian TALIS 2018 survey related to professional knowledge, competence, and practice. Findings from teachers’ reporting on their own teaching practices are highlighted, specifically the part of their teaching that deals with assessment practices. Results from the TALIS survey are then interpreted in light of the results from a research project that deals with the same topic with other data sources. The Linking Instruction and Student Achievement project (LISA) combines video data from teaching practices in language arts and mathematics at the lower secondary level with test results from national tests (reading and arithmetic) from the same classes from which the observation data were taken. LISA is the largest video study of its kind of classroom practices in the Nordic countries and is a suitable frame of interpretation for TALIS 2018 data, as all data materials are linked to the last period of the former national curriculum in Norway. Findings from TALIS 2018 show that there could have been far more teachers who checked that the feedback they provide on written assignments is understood by their students. Results from the LISA project confirms this finding and also show that quite a few teachers are responsible for a large part of the feedback that is regarded to be of high quality. The chapter indicates that there is great potential for working more collectively on this topic both in the teacher education stage and as part of a well-managed lifelong learning system for teachers.

scholarly journals A Campus-Wide Study of STEM Courses: New Perspectives on Teaching Practices and Perceptions

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 624-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle K. Smith ◽  
Erin L. Vinson ◽  
Jeremy A. Smith ◽  
Justin D. Lewin ◽  
MacKenzie R. Stetzer
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Practices ◽  
Student Behavior ◽  
School Science ◽  
Faculty Members ◽  
High School Science ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Instructional Behaviors ◽  
Specific Teaching ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
The University

At the University of Maine, middle and high school science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) teachers observed 51 STEM courses across 13 different departments and collected information on the active-engagement nature of instruction. The results of these observations show that faculty members teaching STEM courses cannot simply be classified into two groups, traditional lecturers or instructors who teach in a highly interactive manner, but instead exhibit a continuum of instructional behaviors between these two classifications. In addition, the observation data reveal that student behavior differs greatly in classes with varied levels of lecture. Although faculty members who teach large-enrollment courses are more likely to lecture, we also identified instructors of several large courses using interactive teaching methods. Observed faculty members were also asked to complete a survey about how often they use specific teaching practices, and we find that faculty members are generally self-aware of their own practices. Taken together, these findings provide comprehensive information about the range of STEM teaching practices at a campus-wide level and how such information can be used to design targeted professional development for faculty.

scholarly journals The Classroom Observation Protocol for Undergraduate STEM (COPUS): A New Instrument to Characterize University STEM Classroom Practices

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 618-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle K. Smith ◽  
Francis H. M. Jones ◽  
Sarah L. Gilbert ◽  
Carl E. Wieman
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Practices ◽  
Classroom Observation ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
College Science ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
New Instrument ◽  
Improving Student Learning ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
Observation Protocol

Instructors and the teaching practices they employ play a critical role in improving student learning in college science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) courses. Consequently, there is increasing interest in collecting information on the range and frequency of teaching practices at department-wide and institution-wide scales. To help facilitate this process, we present a new classroom observation protocol known as the Classroom Observation Protocol for Undergraduate STEM or COPUS. This protocol allows STEM faculty, after a short 1.5-hour training period, to reliably characterize how faculty and students are spending their time in the classroom. We present the protocol, discuss how it differs from existing classroom observation protocols, and describe the process by which it was developed and validated. We also discuss how the observation data can be used to guide individual and institutional change.

scholarly journals Relationship between Teachers’ Professional Commitment and Formative Assessment Practices as a Part of Curriculum Implementation at Secondary Level in Punjab

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 1015-1024
Author(s):  
Muhammad Naseer ◽  
Rafaqat Ali Akbar
Keyword(s):  
Formative Assessment ◽  
Classroom Practices ◽  
Curriculum Implementation ◽  
National Curriculum ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Secondary Level ◽  
Professional Commitment ◽  
Assessment Practices ◽  
Governmental Agencies ◽  
Curriculum Document

National Curriculum for English in Pakistan, reveals its intentions for acquiring language related international requirements concerning with career choices and furthering education. Formative assessment is at the center of students’ learning and is devised in the curriculum document providing basis for its implementation. Curriculum implementation is pivotal to classroom practices of teachers. Curriculum guides teachers to implement formative assessment. Professional commitment contributes enriching teacher’ classroom practices. Focus of the study was to examine formative assessment practices of teachers, as a part of curriculum implementation, in accordance with curriculum document and its relationship with professional commitment of secondary school English teachers. Study secures its significance for teachers, curriculum developers, and governmental agencies. Quantitative survey was the method adopted for the study and explanatory correlational design was used. Teachers, concerned with teaching of English at secondary level, from entire secondary schools working under the supervision of the Punjab province were the study population. Sampling procedure employed multistage stratified random sampling technique and 576 teachers were selected as study sample. Two questionnaires were developed that included questionnaire regarding implementation of formative assessment (QIFA) and teachers’ professional commitment scale (TPCS). Survey was conducted as a data collection strategy. In statistics, Mean and Spearman correlation were employed. Results revealed that professional commitment of teachers and their formative assessment practices were moderate. Results regarding relationship between the variables; professional commitment of teachers and their formative assessment practices were significant correlated. The study recommended school based teacher trainings to sensitize and enhance teachers’ awareness and practices towards formative assessment practices as a part of implementation process. Governmental agencies are needed to focus the situation of professional commitment of teachers and implementation of formative assessment as a part of implementation.

scholarly journals Examining the Challenges of Course Content Coverage in due Time Allocation and Teaching Practices as Perceived by Students in the Subject of Chemistry

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-272
Author(s):  
Dr. Asaf Niwaz ◽  
Dr. Kifayat Khan ◽  
Dr. Habib Elahi Sahibzada
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Time Allocation ◽  
Teaching Practices ◽  
National Curriculum ◽  
Secondary Level ◽  
Practical Work ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Visual Aids ◽  
Content Coverage

The study was conducted to examine the challenges of content coverage of chemistry textbooks in due time allocation in the National Curriculum and the students’ perception of the teaching practices of teachers at secondary schools. Two research questions were constructed; to what extent, the curriculum of Chemistry in terms of ‘content coverage has been implemented in public schools with special attention to theoretical and practical aspects of contents distributed term wise? How teachers teach chemistry content both theoretically and practically in classrooms? To find out the answer to these questions, the survey method was applied. One questionnaire was prepared for teachers while students were interviewed to understand their perception about teaching practices. Quantitative data was collected in the first phase while students were interviewed in the second phase. The sample comprised of 97 teachers (56 male and 41 female teachers) teaching Chemistry to secondary level students and 27 students (15 boys and 12 girls). Percentage and mean score were calculated against the responses of teachers taken through the Likert scale. Open-ended responses from students were presented in paragraph form after generating themes for descriptions. Major results included; one teaching period was insufficient for content coverage of 9th and 10th classes to cover theoretical and practical aspects of the course of chemistry. Apart from teaching periods, extra periods for practical work should be allocated in time table to complete the theoretical and practical work at the secondary level. It was suggested that all teachers who teach chemistry must be familiarized with the use of supporting materials like audio-visual aids for practical work to enhance the learning of students

When Seeing Is Believing: Generalizability and Decision Studies for Observational Data in Evaluation and Research on Teaching

2021 ◽  
pp. 109821402093194
Author(s):  
Timothy J. Weston ◽  
Charles N. Hayward ◽  
Sandra L. Laursen
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Practices ◽  
Interrater Reliability ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Generalizability Theory ◽  
Learning Activities ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Reliable Measure ◽  
Single Class ◽  
Research On Teaching ◽  
The One

Observations are widely used in research and evaluation to characterize teaching and learning activities. Because conducting observations is typically resource intensive, it is important that inferences from observation data are made confidently. While attention focuses on interrater reliability, the reliability of a single-class measure over the course of a semester receives less attention. We examined the use and limitations of observation for evaluating teaching practices, and how many observations are needed during a typical course to make confident inferences about teaching practices. We conducted two studies based on generalizability theory to calculate reliabilities given class-to-class variation in teaching over a semester. Eleven observations of class periods over the length of a semester were needed to achieve a reliable measure, many more than the one to four class periods typically observed in the literature. Findings suggest practitioners may need to devote more resources than anticipated to achieve reliable measures and comparisons.

scholarly journals Teaching strategies and value for STEM courses

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia Gravina ◽  
Christopher Beswick ◽  
Kamden K Strunk
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Teaching Practices ◽  
Value Theory ◽  
Task Value ◽  
Expectancy Value Theory ◽  
Expectancy Value ◽  
Interest In Science ◽  
Subjective Task Value ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
The Relationship

Expectancy-value theory has been used to investigate reasons why students have low achievement and low interest in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) courses. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between self-efficacy, perceived teaching practices, and subjective task value in gateway STEM courses. Results demonstrated that self-efficacy influenced perception of teaching practices and subjective task value, and perceived teaching practiced influenced subjective task value. Results and implications for teaching practices are discussed.

scholarly journals Det första nationella provet i samhällskunskap - en studie i bedömarsamstämmighet

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Arne Löfstedt
Keyword(s):  
Interrater Reliability ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Ninth Graders ◽  
National Agency ◽  
Final Grade ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
The Stability ◽  
National Tests ◽  
National Test

Skolämnet samhällskunskap som eget ämne existerar i princip enbart i de nordiska länderna. I många andra länder delar flera skolämnen på ämnesinnehållet, till exempel geografi och civics. Ämnesinnehållet är stort och genomgår ständig förändring. År 2013 genomfördes de första nationella proven i samhällskunskap i Sverige för årskurs 9. Med tanke på ämnets karaktär kan det vara speciellt viktigt att undersöka om dessa prov är ”rättvisa.” Avsikten med denna studie är att undersöka en aspekt av denna ”rättvisa”, nämligen interbedömarstabilitet, dvs om samma elevsvar ger upphov till samma bedömning oavsett bedömare. Skolverket i Sverige genomförde 2009 en större studie av de ämnen som då genomförde nationella prov och föreliggande studie försöker dels efterlikna och dels bygga ut upplägget från Skolverket. Studien genomfördes på de första nationella proven i samhällskunskap 2013. Genom att pröva olika reliabilitetsmått inom kategorierna ”consensus estimates”, och ”consistency estimates” analyseras resultaten, bland annat diskuteras måttet intraclass correlation. Syftet är också, då detta var de första proven, att skapa en ram för återkommande studier av Interbedömarreliabilitet. Upplägget med en större mängd lärare som genomför totalt tre bedömningar av de utvalda hela proven försöker också efterlikna bedömningssituationen ute på skolorna såtillvida att det var relativt många lärare med i studien, och de kom från olika skolor spridda över Sverige. Genom detta testas också bedömningsanvisningarnas stabilitet. Själva genomförandet var omfattande och tog två hela dagar. Resultaten pekar på en god överensstämmelse för provbetyget, det sammanfattande omdöme eleverna får. Studien avses att återupprepas under kommande år.Nyckelord: Samhällskunskap, nationella prov, interbedömarreliabilitet, intraclass correlationThe first national test in samhällskunskap – a study of interrater reliabilityAbstractThe Swedish school subject Samhällskunskap (Societal knowledge) exists basically only in the Nordic countries. In other countries a number of different subjects, such as geography and civics, share the content. The content of the subject is constantly changing, depending on how society is changing. The first national tests in Samhällskunskap for all Swedish ninth graders took place in 2013. A large part of the test contains constructed responses.  Given the characteristics of the subject we consider it especially important to investigate whether these tests are “fair” or not. The intent of this study is to investigate one aspect of “fairness”, interrater reliability, meaning the degree to which the same student responses are scored equally by different raters.  In 2009, the National Agency of Education in Sweden conducted a large study of the subjects Swedish, English and Mathematics. Our study aims to mimic and further develop the design of the study from 2009. Our study was carried out on the first national tests in 2013. The results were analyzed by exploring different reliability measures within the categories consensus estimates, and consistency estimates. As the 2013 tests were the first tests of its kind in Sweden the purpose was also to create a framework for regular studies of interrater reliability. The rater design with a relatively large number of teachers from all over the country, each assessing a total of three complete student test responses aimed at mimicking the way the tests are assessed in schools. This also allowed us to study the stability of our assessment rubrics. The study itself was extensive and took two days to perform. The results indicate a large compliance when it comes to the final grade of the test. The study is meant to be repeated in the coming years.Keywords: Social science, civics, national testing, interrater reliability, intraclass correlation

scholarly journals Changes in Student Motivation and Teacher Decision Making When Implementing a Formative Assessment Practice

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunilla Näsström ◽  
Catarina Andersson ◽  
Carina Granberg ◽  
Torulf Palm ◽  
Björn Palmberg
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Formative Assessment ◽  
Classroom Practice ◽  
Teaching Practices ◽  
Learning Activities ◽  
Behavioral Engagement ◽  
Assessment Practices ◽  
Traditional Teaching ◽  
Assessment Practice ◽  
Knowledge And Skills

Motivation is a prerequisite for students’ learning, and formative assessment has been suggested as a possible way of supporting students’ motivation. However, there is a lack of empirical evidence corroborating the hypothesis of large effects from formative assessment interventions on students’ autonomous forms of motivation and motivation in terms of behavioral engagement in learning activities. In addition, formative assessment practices that do have an impact on students’ motivation may put additional requirements on teachers than more traditional teaching practices. Such requirements include decisions teachers need to make in classroom practice. The requirements on teachers’ decision-making in formative assessment practices that have a positive impact on students’ autonomous forms of motivation and behavioral engagement have not been investigated. This study describes one teacher’s formative assessment practice during a sociology course in upper secondary school, and it identifies the requirements for the teacher’s decision-making. The teacher had participated in a professional development program about formative assessment just prior to this study. This study also investigated changes in the students’ motivation when the teacher implemented the formative assessment practice. The teacher’s practice was examined through observations, weekly teacher logs, the teacher’s teaching descriptions, and an interview with the teacher. Data on changes in the students’ type of motivation and engagement were collected in the teacher’s class and in five comparison classes through a questionnaire administered in the beginning and the end of the course. The students responded to the questionnaire items by choosing the extent to which they agreed with the statements on a scale from 1–7. The teacher’s formative assessment practice focused on collecting information about the students’ knowledge and skills and then using this information to make decisions about subsequent instruction. Several types of decisions, and the knowledge and skills required to make them that exceed those required in more traditional teaching practices, were identified. The students’ in the intervention teacher’s class increased their controlled and autonomous forms of motivation as well as their engagement in learning activities more than the students in the comparison classes.

scholarly journals Analisis Deskriptif Soal Ujian Nasional dan Cambridge Checkpoint Pelajaran Matematika Tingkat Sekolah Menengah Pertama Tahun Ajaran 2014/2015 Berdasarkan Tipe Penyajian Soal dan Ruang Lingkup Materi

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zainal Abidin
Keyword(s):  
National Curriculum ◽  
Multiple Choice ◽  
Secondary Level ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Multiple Choice Questions ◽  
Short Answer ◽  
National Examination ◽  
Analysis Question ◽  
Short Answer Question ◽  
Mathematics Examination

National Examination and Cambridge Checkpoint are the instrument for evaluating the standard competence ofstudent which organized in Secondary Level. National Examination’s questions based on the National Curriculum ofIndonesia but Cambridge Checkpoint’s questions taken based on Cambridge Curriculum. The aims of this researchis analyzing the type of each question and distribution of each strands in the National Mathematics Examination 2015and Mathematics of Cambridge Checkpoint for Secondary Level 2015. This type of research is a descriptive studywith a qualitative approach. National Mathematics Examination 2015 has one paper only but Mathematics ofCambridge Checkpoint for Secondary Level 2015 has 2 papers for the test. It can be concluded that all question’stype of the National Mathematics Examination for Secondary Level 2015 are multiple choice questions. OnMathematics of Cambridge Checkpoint for Secondary Level 2015, there are various types of questions which consistof 11,43% short-answer question; 68,57% analysis question; 8,57% completing question; and 11,43% match questionfor paper 1, but 22,22% short-answer question; 58,33% analysis question; 11,11% completing question; 2,78% matchquestion; 2,78% multiple choice question; and 2,78% yes/no question for paper 2. Based on strands analyzing result,It can be determined that National Mathematics Examination for Secondary Level 2015 contain of 22,25% number;27,5 algebra; 40% geometry and measurement; 10% statistic and probability. On Mathematics of CambridgeCheckpoint for Secondary Level 2015, It can be explained that 45,72% number; 20% algebra; 17,14% geometry andmeasurement; and 17,14% statistic and probability for paper 1, and 33,33% number; 19,45% algebra; 25% geometryand measurement; and 22,22% statistic and probability for paper 2.

Online Teaching Practices of Science and Mathematics Preservice Teachers in middle schools

2022 ◽  
pp. 195-228
Author(s):  
Neusa Branco ◽  
Susana Colaço ◽  
Bento Cavadas
Keyword(s):  
Preservice Teachers ◽  
Teaching Practices ◽  
Online Teaching ◽  
Teacher Educators ◽  
Inservice Teachers ◽  
Internship Experience ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
6Th Graders ◽  
Work Student

The chapter presents a qualitative study that describes and discusses the teaching practices of four preservice teachers (PSTs) during their mathematics and science internship with 6th graders, performed in the context of distance learning related with the COVID-19 pandemic. The data collected included PSTs' documents, such as lesson plans, descriptions of and reflections on the practical work, student outputs, and interviews. The online organization and dynamics of the internship process describe the practices of the PSTs, inservice teachers, and teacher educators, which provided a practical context for the development of PSTs' online practice. Moreover, the results present digital educational resources used by PSTs, mainly for inquiry, communication, construction, and problem-solving purposes. PSTs pointed out benefits arising from the online internship experience. It better prepared them to use and create digital resources, increased awareness of the importance of collaboration and the role of formative assessment.

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