Modeling of fibrocystic mastopathy in experiment on animals

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 429-436
Author(s):  
Svetlana A. Anisimova ◽  
Janna A. Svirina ◽  
Denis A. Maksaev
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Virgin Female ◽  
Mammary Glands ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Fibrocystic Disease ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Fibrocystic Mastopathy ◽  
Hormonal Imbalance ◽  
Pathogenetic Factor ◽  
Almost All

Nowadays, hormonal imbalance is proven to be a factor that influences initiation of malignant and benign breast tumors. To study the aspects of participation of sex hormones in damage to organs and tissues, it may be necessary to model a common womens pathology fibrocystic disease of mammary glands characterized by the most pronounced effects of this pathogenetic factor, on experimental animals. Aim. To create a model of fibrocystic disease of mammary gland with the subsequent possibility of studying morphological manifestations of the disease in natural and drug-induced pathomorphism. Materials and Methods. The pathology was induced by intramuscular injection of 0.5 ml of 2% synestrol and 0.5 ml of 2.5% progesterone to virgin female rats on the 1st, 7th, 14th, 21st, 28th and 35th days of the experiment. For examination, histological preparations of inguinal mammary glands were made. The preparations were described and studied using morphometric analysis. Results. In the result of the experiment, pronounced macro- and microscopic alterations of mammary glands were found. Microscopic picture was similar to that observed in fibrocystic mastopathy in women. Almost all the morphometric parameters underwent reliable alterations in correspondence with the given pathology. Conclusion. A model of fibrocystic disease of mammary gland was obtained that may be used for further study of morphogenesis and methods of correction.

HYPERPLASTIC NODULES IN RAT MAMMARY GLANDS FOLLOWING THE FEEDING OF 4-ACETYLAMINOBIPHENYL

1953 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-98
Author(s):  
Jules Tuba ◽  
Herbert E. Rawlinson ◽  
M. Shirley Fraser ◽  
Irmgaard Jeske
Keyword(s):  
Virgin Female ◽  
Mammary Glands ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Mammary Tissue ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Gland Development

Virgin female rats did not respond to dietary 4-acetylaminobiphenyl by the production of tumors in mammary glands. This is attributed to some anticarcinogenic factor(s) in the stock laboratory diet of Purina Fox Checkers, which are composed of natural foodstuffs. However, the carcinogen did stimulate gland development, and after eight months, hyperplastic nodules appeared in almost all the experimental animals but not in the controls. This indicates that suspected carcinogens may be having an effect on mammary tissue even though visible tumors may not be present.

THE DISTRIBUTION OF [1,2-3H]TESTOSTERONE IN THE TISSUES OF FEMALE RATS

1966 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 491-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Y. WANG ◽  
STRETTON YOUNG ◽  
R. D. BULBROOK
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Virgin Female ◽  
Mammary Glands ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Pregnant Rat ◽  
Tumour Bearing ◽  
Mesenteric Fat

SUMMARY (1) The incorporation of [1,2-3H]testosterone in vivo into various tissues of virgin, pregnant, post-partum and tumour-bearing female rats was studied. (2) In virgin female rats the clearance of radioactivity from mesenteric fat, mammary gland, uterus, spleen, lung and blood was similar. This similarity in the rates of clearance of radioactivity for all the tissues examined was also found for the tissues of pregnant, post-partum, and tumour-bearing rats. (3) After the administration of [1,2-3H]testosterone different amounts of radioactivity were found in each of the tissues examined. In virgin rats the levels of incorporation were fat > uterus ≥ mammary gland > lung > blood ≥ spleen. This pattern was also obtained in post-partum and tumour-bearing animals; the tumours in the latter behaved in a similar way to normal mammary glands. In the pregnant rat, the foetus incorporated the least amount of radioactivity.

Basal Lamina Formation in DMBA Induced Mammary Carcinoma

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 534-535
Author(s):  
I. Russo ◽  
J. Saby ◽  
J. Russo
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Carcinoma ◽  
Virgin Female ◽  
Mammary Glands ◽  
Sesame Oil ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Intermediate Type ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Intercellular Spaces

It has been previously demonstrated that DMBA-induced rat mammary carcinoma originates in the terminal end bud (TEB) of the mammary gland by proliferation of intermediate type cells (1). The earliest lesion identified is the intraductal proliferation (IDP), which gives rise to intraductal carcinomas. These evolve to cribriform, papillary and comedo types (2). In the present work, we report the ultrastructural changes that take place in the IDP for the formation of a cribriform pattern.Fifty-five-day-old Sprague Dawley virgin female rats were inoculated intra- gastrically with 20 mg 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) in 1 ml sesame oil. Non-inoculated, age-matched females were used as controls. Mammary glands from both control and experimental rats were removed weekly from the time of inoculation until 86 days post-inoculation. The glands were fixed and processed for electron microscopy (2).The first change observed in IDP's was the widening of intercellular spaces and the secretion of an electron dense material into these spaces (Fig. 1).

The effect of bromocriptine on mammary-gland ultrastructure of hyperprolactinemic rats

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 204-205
Author(s):  
I.C. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Dopamine Agonist ◽  
Alveolar Epithelium ◽  
Mammary Glands ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cell Hyperplasia ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Long Evans

In women, hyperprolactinemia is often due to a prolactin (PRL)-secreting adenoma or PRL cell hyperplasia. RRL excess stimulates the mammary glands and causes proliferation of the alveolar epithelium. Bromocriptine, a dopamine agonist, inhibits PRL secretion and is given to women to treat nonpuerperal galactorrhea. Old female rats have been reported to have PRL cell hyperplasia or adenoma leading to PRL hypersecretion and breast stimulation. Herein, we describe the effect of bromocriptine and consequently the reduction in serum PRL levels on the ultrastructure of rat mammary glands.Female Long-Evans rats, 23 months of age, were divided into control and bromocriptine-treated groups. The control animals were injected subcutaneously once daily with a 10% ethanol vehicle and were later divided into a normoprolactinemic control group with serum PRL levels under 30 ng/ml and a hyperprolactinemic control group with serum PRL levels above 30 ng/ml.

Ultrastructural Changes in the Mammary Epithelial Cell Population During Neoplastic Development Induced by A Chemical Carcinogen.

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 250-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Russo ◽  
W. Isenberg ◽  
M. Ireland ◽  
I.H. Russo
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Cell Population ◽  
Virgin Female ◽  
Histological Change ◽  
Mammary Epithelial ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Chemical Carcinogen ◽  
Sprague Dawley

The induction of rat mammary carcinoma by the chemical carcinogen DMBA is used as a model for the study of the human disease (1). We previously described the histochemical changes that occur in the mammary gland of DMBA treated animals before the earliest manifested histological change, the intraductal proliferation (IDP), was observed (2). In the present work, we demonstrate that a change in the stable cell population found in the resting mammary gland occurs after carcinogen administration.Fifty-five day old Sprague-Dawley virgin female rats were inoculated intragastrically with 20mg of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) in 1ml sesame oil. Non-inoculated, age-matched females were used as controls. Mammary glands from control and inoculated rats were removed weekly from the time of inoculation until 60 days post-inoculation. For electron microscopy, the glands were immersed in Karnovsky's fixative, post-fixed in 1% OsO4, dehydrated, and embedded in an Epon-Araldite mixture. Thick (lμ) sections were stained with 1% toluidine blue and were used for selecting areas for ultrastructural study.

scholarly journals Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) leaf infusion effect on mammary gland activity and kidney function of lactating rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-105
Author(s):  
NAJDA RIFQIYATI ◽  
ANA WAHYUNI
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Kidney Function ◽  
Uric Acid Level ◽  
Acid Level ◽  
Mammary Glands ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
Treatment Groups

Abstract. Rifqiyati N, Wahyuni A. 2019. Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) leaf  infusion effect on mammary gland activity and kidney function of lactating rats. Nusantara Bioscience 11: 101-105. Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill) leaf, traditionally, is believed to have a potential in increasing and smoothing breast milk production. This study aimed to determine the effect of fennel leaf infusion on milk production and to know the side effects of its use. The material used in the research was infusion of fennel leaves (Foeniculum vulgare Mill) collected from Kopeng, Central Java. The research utilized 12 female rats each with 5 newborns off springs. The experiment was designed in Completed Random Design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 3 replications. Histological preparation of mammary glands was set using paraffin method with HE staining. Kidney function was observed through uric acid level in the blood. The results showed that the diameter of lactiferous ducts and of its lumen diameter were significantly influenced by 15 days fennel leaf infusion treatment. The largest lactiferous duct diameter observed was on P3 treatment group (452.97 ± 75.033 µm) and the smallest was observed in control groups (273.17 ± 38.746 µm). The numbers of active alveoli observed in treatment groups, i.e., in P1 (20 g/300  mL), P2 (40 g/300  mL), and P3 (60 g/300  mL), increased than inactive alveoli. The blood uric acid level observed was 4.0-4.6 mg/dl. The results suggested that the infusion of fennel leaf with a treatment dose of 60 g infusion in 300  mL distilled water administered for 15 days can significantly increase the diameter of lactiferous lumen of female rat mammary glands, and increase the diameter of the alveoli and the number of active alveolar mammary glands. Histological picture of mammary gland also showed that the female rats treated with dose of 60g infusion per 300  mL aquadest increased milk secretion and than the other treatment groups. The treatment also showed no significant side effects.  

scholarly journals Modulatory Effect of Fermented Papaya Extracts on Mammary Gland Hyperplasia Induced by Estrogen and Progestin in Female Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenqiang You ◽  
Junying Sun ◽  
Feng Xie ◽  
Zhiqin Chen ◽  
Sheng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Oxidative Dna Damage ◽  
Mammary Glands ◽  
Estradiol Benzoate ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Group A

Fermented papaya extracts (FPEs) are obtained by fermentation of papaya by Aspergillus oryzae and yeasts. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of FPEs on mammary gland hyperplasia induced by estrogen and progestogen. Rats were randomly divided into 6 groups, including a control group, an FPE-alone group, a model group, and three FPE treatment groups (each receiving 30, 15, or 5 ml/kg FPEs). Severe mammary gland hyperplasia was induced upon estradiol benzoate and progestin administration. FPEs could improve the pathological features of the animal model and reduce estrogen levels in the serum. Analysis of oxidant indices revealed that FPEs could increase superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities, decrease malondialdehyde (MDA) level in the mammary glands and serum of the animal models, and decrease the proportion of cells positive for the oxidative DNA damage marker 8-oxo-dG in the mammary glands. Additionally, estradiol benzoate and progestin altered the levels of serum biochemical compounds such as aspartate transaminase (AST), total bilirubin (TBIL), and alanine transaminase (ALT), as well as hepatic oxidant indices such as SOD, GSH-Px, MDA, and 8-oxo-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG). These indices reverted to normal levels upon oral administration of a high dose of FPEs. Taken together, our results indicate that FPEs can protect the mammary glands and other visceral organs from oxidative damage.

LIVER GLUCURONIDASE ACTIVITY OF RATS IN VARIOUS EXPERIMENTAL STATES

1953 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jules Tuba
Keyword(s):  
Virgin Female ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Normal Male ◽  
Significant Elevation ◽  
Castrate Male ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Glucuronidase Activity ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Hormonal Imbalance

Liver glucuronidase activity was studied in male and female rats with regard to the effect of a number of experimental factors. Virgin female and breeder female rats had significantly higher levels of the liver enzyme than males. Breeding and lactation stimulated production of liver glucuronidase and activity fell towards male values in females which had passed the breeding age. Castration of males or females had no significant effect on the enzyme. A highly significant elevation of liver glucuronidase resulted from injection of oestradiol dipropionate into castrate male rats, while testosterone dipropionate had no effect. Neither hormone affected activity of the enzyme when injected into normal male or female rats. Levels of liver glucuronidase in diabetic male rats were elevated about 50% above normal, and these statistically significant increases are assumed to be related to some hormonal imbalance

EFFECT OF PROLACTIN INHIBITORY AGENTS ON THE ECTOPIC ANTERIOR PITUITARY AND THE MAMMARY GLAND IN RATS

1977 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.-J. Gräf ◽  
R. Horowski ◽  
M. F. El Etreby
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Direct Action ◽  
Mammary Glands ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Simultaneous Administration ◽  
Dopaminergic Receptors ◽  
Oestradiol Benzoate ◽  
Biological Effectiveness ◽  
Inhibitory Agents

ABSTRACT The purpose of the present study was to investigate the biological effectiveness of two highly potent prolactin (PRL) inhibitors, lisuride hydrogen maleate (LMH) and 2-Br-α-ergocryptine (CB-154), in the absence of hypothalamic factors acting directly at the level of the anterior pituitary. Hypophysectomized female rats bearing 4 transplanted pituitaries beneath the kidney capsules were treated with oestradiol benzoate (OeB) and progesterone (P) with or without simultaneous administration of LHM or CB-154 for 22 days in order stimulate or inhibit lobulo-alveolar growth of the mammary glands. In addition to the investigation of the mammary glands by DNA determination and assessment of the histological pictures, the aim of this study was directed towards the influence of the substances tested at the level of the anterior pituitary remote from the hypothalmus. In this connection the changes in the different cells within the ectopic pituitaries as revealed by immunoenzyme-cytochemical studies were investigated. The results obtained support the classical view of a neuroendocrine regulation of mammary gland growth and the importance of oestrogens, P and PRL within this system. Both ergot derivatives LHM and CB-154 were able to antagonize the stimulatory effect of OeB combined with P on the mammary gland. With regard to the mechanism of action of LHM and CB-154 it is concluded that both substances act via a direct action on dopaminergic receptors within the ectopic anterior pituitary.

scholarly journals Tissue-specific ceruloplasmin gene expression in the mammary gland

1991 ◽  
Vol 280 (3) ◽  
pp. 671-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
J L Jaeger ◽  
N Shimizu ◽  
J D Gitlin
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Ductal Carcinoma ◽  
Virgin Female ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Breast Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Hepatic Tissue ◽  
Tissue Specific ◽  
Mammary Gland Tissue ◽  
Gland Tissue

Using a ceruloplasmin cDNA clone in RNA blot analysis, a single 3.7 kb ceruloplasmin-specific transcript was detected in rat mammary gland tissue from pregnant and lactating animals. Ceruloplasmin gene expression in the mammary gland was tissue-specific, with no evidence of expression in brain, heart or other extrahepatic tissues. Ceruloplasmin mRNA was also detected in mammary gland tissue from male, virgin female and non-pregnant/multiparous animals, and the abundance of ceruloplasmin-specific transcripts in virgin female rats was independent of their stage of oestrus. In virgin female mammary gland the content of ceruloplasmin mRNA was 20% of that in hepatic tissue from these animals and approx. 2-3-fold greater than that found in mammary gland tissue of pregnant or lactating animals. Development studies revealed ceruloplasmin gene expression in male and female mammary gland by only 2 weeks of age, prior to the onset of puberty. Biosynthetic studies indicated that the ceruloplasmin mRNA in mammary gland tissue was translated into a 132 kDa protein qualitatively similar to that synthesized in liver. By in situ hybridization, ceruloplasmin gene expression was localized to the epithelium lining the mammary gland alveolar ducts, without evidence of expression in the surrounding mesenchyme. Ceruloplasmin gene expression was also detected in a human breast adenocarcinoma cell line and in biopsy tissue from women with invasive ductal carcinoma. Taken together, these data indicate that the mammary gland is a prominent site of extrahepatic ceruloplasmin gene expression and add to the evidence that ceruloplasmin biosynthesis is associated with growth and differentiation in non-hepatic tissues.

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