scholarly journals A theoretical model for social licence to operate for the mining sector in South Eastern Europe

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Mark Proctor
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Actor Network Theory ◽  
Mining Sector ◽  
Social License ◽  
Community Consent ◽  
Mine Development ◽  
Political Settlement

This thesis investigates the methodological narrowness used to interpret social license failure in the mining sector. Using a mixture of Actor-Network Theory (ANT), Poststructuralist theory, Political Settlement theory and knowledge from the mining industry, it investigates the core premises of existing models of social license, finding them lacking. It details challenges facing the mining sector, highlighting a disjoint operationally at a temporal level and spatial level between communities and industry. Representing the inability of the sector to address social licence failure as evidence of ontological narrowness in assessments of local community consent, it demonstrates it is the totality of relationships around the mine project that is critical. A new model predicated on a Political Settlement framework at a meso level, is created and populated as a visual model with icons. These icons, make up within the Social License Settlement Model (SLSM), a representation of the dynamic balancing act of relationships defining social license. The model is set in Thirdspace, reflecting that different participants have different perceptions of space, time and symbolism. The model was tested by showing how a social license was not solely about the mine and local communities but wider relationships. An examination of Rosa Montana mine project failure in Romania as it joined the EU, demonstrated that the process of ascension caused aspects of civil society to change, making securing a social license more difficult. Field research in Serbia, in a similar position in 2018 to Romania in terms of EU membership when Rosa Montana failed, with State mine regulator officials, private sector mine development actors and people living adjacent to mining projects. Similar issues with civil society appear likely to develop in Serbia, driven by the introduction of transnational environmental regulation. The SLSM captures how this might be avoided and mitigated.

Corporate funding and local community development: a case from the mining industry in Australia

2019 ◽  
pp. 85-100
Author(s):  
Robyn Mayes
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Community Development ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Mining Sector ◽  
Community Initiatives ◽  
The Social ◽  
Corporate Funding ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
Corporate Community

This chapter elucidates the social and political complexities of corporate community development as practised in the mining industry, with attention to implications for meanings of ‘community’ and ‘development’. This is achieved through examination of corporate funding of community initiatives in the rural Shire of Ravensthorpe in Western Australia, the greenfield site of the Ravensthorpe Nickel Operation owned by BHP Billiton (BHPB) until 2010. The chapter begins with an overview of corporate social responsibility and the contested concept of development before examining the community development practices undertaken by the mining sector in Australia. It critically analyses BHPB's claimed commitment to community development and then explores more specifically its role in ‘developing’ Ravensthorpe.

scholarly journals Attrition as a bottom-up pathway to subnational democratization

2021 ◽  
pp. 019251212110192
Author(s):  
Trix van Mierlo
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Causal Process ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
System A ◽  
Extensive Field ◽  
Democratic System

Oftentimes, democracy is not spread out evenly over the territory of a country. Instead, pockets of authoritarianism can persist within a democratic system. A growing body of literature questions how such subnational authoritarian enclaves can be democratized. Despite fascinating insights, all existing pathways rely on the actions of elites and are therefore top-down. This article seeks to kick-start the discussion on a bottom-up pathway to subnational democratization, by proposing the attrition mechanism. This mechanism consists of four parts and is the product of abductive inference through theory-building causal process tracing. The building blocks consist of subnational democratization literature, social movement theory, and original empirical data gathered during extensive field research. This case study focuses on the ‘Dynasty Slayer’ in the province of Isabela, the Philippines, where civil society actors used the attrition mechanism to facilitate subnational democratization. This study implies that civil society actors in subnational authoritarian enclaves have agency.

scholarly journals Water Quality Estimation and Population’s Attitudes: A Multi-Disciplinary Perspective of Environmental Implications in Tara National Park (Serbia)

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 241
Author(s):  
Jovana Brankov ◽  
Ana Milanović Pešić ◽  
Dragana Milijašević Joksimović ◽  
Milan M. Radovanović ◽  
Marko D. Petrović
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
National Parks ◽  
National Park ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Environmental Implications ◽  
Water Pollution Index

The paper analyzes the water quality of hydrological resources in the wider area of Tara National Park (NP Tara) in Serbia and the opinions of the local community and the national park visitors about the grade of the possible damage. The pollution level of the Drina River at the Bajina Bašta hydrological station was analyzed using the Water Pollution Index. The results showed that water quality corresponded to classes II (clean water) or III (moderately polluted water) and revealed the presence of organic pollution. In addition, using a survey combined with field research, the perceptions of local inhabitants and national park visitors related to environmental pollution were analyzed. The community believed that tourism does not cause significant damage to the environment. However, the older and more educated groups of residents and visitors had a more critical perception of the environmental impact of tourism. The results also indicated that the perceptions of visitors were mostly in agreement with measured water quality in the Drina River. The findings of this study have important implications for the management of protected areas and future policies related to national parks.

scholarly journals From Black to Blue Skies: Civil Society Perceptions of Air Pollution in Shanghai

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Amanda K. Winter ◽  
Huong Le ◽  
Simon Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Qualitative Case Study ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Ecological Civilization ◽  
Civil Society Participation ◽  
Quality Indexes

Abstract This paper explores the perception and politics of air pollution in Shanghai. We present a qualitative case study based on a literature review of relevant policies and research on civil society and air pollution, in dialogue with air quality indexes and field research data. We engage with the concept of China's authoritarian environmentalism and the political context of ecological civilization. We find that discussions about air pollution are often placed in a frame that is both locally temporal (environment) and internationally developmentalist (economy). We raise questions from an example of three applications with different presentations of air quality index measures for the same time and place. This example and frame highlight the central role and connection between technology, data and evidence, and pollution visibility in the case of the perception of air pollution. Our findings then point to two gaps in authoritarian environmentalism research, revealing a need to better understand (1) the role of technology within this governance context, and (2) the tensions created from this non-participatory approach with ecological civilization, which calls for civil society participation.

“boys of God”: the experience of re-socialization of adolescents and young people in conflict with the law in the Santa Filomena community

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zilmara Alves da Silva ◽  
Maria Helena Santana Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Young People ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Youth Gang ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
The Law ◽  
Mutual Care

This research aims to analyze the resocialization process of the second generation of adolescents and young people from the Meninos de Deus project and the contributions of socio-affective relationships in the resignification of individual trajectory in the context of violence in the Santa Filomena community. The study is necessary to understand the importance of strengthening the resocialization processes in an open space, which has the triad of public authorities, civil society and the community as the executing nucleus of socio-educational measures. The Meninos de Deus group was born in 2007 and was born from a pact, among youths in conflict with the law, based on the premise of mutual care, commitment to life and in the re-socializing walk with the community. In this group, the feeling of belonging is opposed to the feeling that young people and adolescents in conflict with the law had with the youth gang or the criminal faction they belonged. The methodology to be used is ethnography, where we will use field research, characterized as an integration of data obtained in the field and by bibliographic reading.

Local Civil Society

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Mann ◽  
David Dallimore ◽  
Howard Davis ◽  
Graham Day ◽  
Maria Eichsteller
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Community Relations ◽  
Field Investigations ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
State And Local ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Focus Questions

Epdf and ePUB available Open Access under CC-BY-NC licence. Drawing on place-based field investigations and new empirical analysis, this original book investigates civil society at local level. The concept of civil society is contested and multifaceted, and this text offers assessment and clarification of debates concerning the intertwining of civil society, the state and local community relations. Analysing two Welsh villages, the authors examine the importance of identity, connection with place and the impact of social and spatial boundaries on the everyday production of civil society. Bringing into focus questions of biography and temporality, the book provides an innovative account of continuities and changes within local civil society during social and economic transformation.

scholarly journals Towards Smart City: Influence of Air Pollution on the Local Community of the Zabrze City in Surveys and Field Research

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 845-850
Author(s):  
Jolanta Ignac-Nowicka
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Toxic Gases ◽  
Accumulation Of Pollutants ◽  
The City

Abstract The results of the conducted pilot research indicated the basic local problems of the residents of Zabrze city. The purpose of the next research was to answer the question: how to improve the quality of life of residents in a city with significant air pollution. Activities aimed at this goal are inscribed in the idea of "smart city". The article presents the results of pilot measurements of air pollution with toxic gases in the Zabrze city in the Silesian agglomeration (Poland). Field studies at selected locations in the city concerned measurements of nitrogen dioxide, sulphur dioxide and carbon dioxide. The aim of these studies was to identify areas of the city with significant air pollution with toxic gases in order to plan further detailed research. Made measurements showed the appearance of the local problem of accumulation of pollutants in several areas of the city. The results obtained were compared with surveys conducted among residents of the Zabrze city. The aim of the survey was to examine the respondents' awareness of: the location of areas with noticeable air pollution and health problems resulting from air pollution in the place of residence. The article also presents a plan of possible actions for the city of Zabrze within the framework of the "smart city" idea to improve the quality of life of the local city community in conditions of increased emission of gas pollution in the city.

scholarly journals The attitudes of local people about creating sports-recreational tourist offer in Sajkaska

2011 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 91-115
Author(s):  
Bojana Kovacevic ◽  
Jovan Plavsa
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Local People ◽  
Sport Tourism ◽  
Southeastern Part ◽  
Cultural Affirmation ◽  
Autonomous Province

Sajkaska is a geographical region in Serbia. It is southeastern part of Backa, located in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina. Sajkaska is characterized by suitable tourist-geographical position, a plenty of natural values and various cultural-historical inheritance. These characteristics enable a lot of opportunities for developing sports and recreational activities This paper presents the results collected in the field research about the attitudes of local people about opportunities for development sports-recreational tourism in Sajkaska, as well as involving local community in this process. Initially, the survey was carried in Sajkaska and provided data about the participation of the local communities in the sport tourism development in Sajkaska Involving local community in this process is most easily done through the development of different forms of sports-tourist movements and tourism education programs of local population of Sajkaska. As long as sport tourism development in Sajkaska is well planned and monitored, it can be an effective means of local economic growth, cultural affirmation and environmental protection without compromising a region?s unique attractions.

scholarly journals Maintaining Mutual Benefits between Investor and Local Community: Mechanisms to Reopen Lega Dambi Gold Mining, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-81
Author(s):  
Abdisa Olkeba Jima
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Gold Mining ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Mining Company ◽  
Social License ◽  
Corporate Social

Mining, specifically, large-scale gold mining has become one of the primary economic activities that play a pivotal role in the socio-economic development of one country. But there is no consensus among scholars whether gold mining companies maintain mutual benefits with local communities. The main objective of this research is to scrutinize the mechanism to be employed in reopening Lega Dambi large-scale gold mining by maintaining mutual benefits between the company and the local community. The researcher employed a qualitative method and a case study research design. Focus group discussions and semi-structured interviews were used to collect data from the local community, elders, religious leaders, Abbaa Gadaas, Guji Zone, and Odo Shakiso Woreda investment office, land management office, social and labor affair, mineral, and energy office administrators, and Odo Shakiso Woreda health station and Adola hospital. Secondary sources and regulatory frameworks such as FDRE Constitution and Mining Operations Proclamation No. 678/2010 were used to triangulate with primary data. The finding shows that Lega Dambi's large-scale gold mining company failed to maintain mutual benefits between itself and the local community. Basic tenets such as national and regional corporate social responsibility, community development agreement, impact and benefit agreements, social and labor plan, and social license were not implemented properly to balance the mutual benefit between the company and the local community. The researcher concluded that Lega Dambi large-scale gold mining company disregarded the role of the local community during commencement time albeit it had a strong relationship with the central government. Consequently, the company was terminated because of a bad relationship it had with the local community. It is recommended that national and regional corporate social responsibility that shows the company’s specific joint administration of the central and Oromia region governments should be designed and implemented fully. It is also recommended that discussions should be held with local communities and arrived at a consensus concerning the reopening of the company.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document