scholarly journals Development of Polyhouse Solar Dryer for Drying Granular Jaggery

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 564-569
Author(s):  
P. Sreedevi ◽  
◽  
K. Veerabhadrarao ◽  
P. Jamuna ◽  
P. V. K. Jaganadha Rao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Solar Dryer ◽  
Hygienic Conditions

Jaggery is a traditional Indian sweetener prepared from sugarcane juice through evaporation process and is considered as medicinal sugar due to its nutritional and thereupatic properties. To improve the shelf-life of solid jaggery , making jaggery in the form of granules with moisture content of 1–2% was recommended. A Polyhouse solar dryer for drying granular jaggery with a capacity of 200 kg was developed at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Anakapalle, Andhra Pradesh, India. Traditionally, granular jaggery was dried in openyard resulting in contamination with dust, insects, birds and rain. A comparative study was carried for drying granular jaggery with initial moisture of 9.3 to 10.5% (db) in both polyhouse solar dryer and in an open yard during the month of March– April, 2019. The study revealed that the rate of drying was faster in poly house compared to open yard drying. The temperature inside the polyhouse dryer was 59% higher than the ambient conditions. The percent saving in time for drying of granular jaggery in poly house dryer was 38% to attain optimum moisture content of 1.7% for stable shelf life besides maintaining hygienic conditions. The quality parameters of jaggery in terms of sucrose and reducing sugars percentage showed insignificant changes in both methods. However, the color of the granular jaggery was well retained in polyhouse dryer compared to open yard drying. Hence, this study will be helpful for small and micro entrepreneurs for large scale drying of granular jaggery under hygienic conditions utilizing renewable energy resources.

scholarly journals Mathematical modelling of the thin layer drying of pineapple (Ananas comosus, L.): experiment at village-scale in a greenhouse type solar dryer

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Ignacio López Cerino ◽  
Irineo Lorenzo López Cruz ◽  
Serm Janjai ◽  
Marcus Nagle ◽  
Busarakorn Mahayothee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Ananas Comosus ◽  
Solar Dryer ◽  
Thin Layer Drying ◽  
Best Fitting ◽  
Drying Curves

The objectives of this research were two: first to investigate experimentally the behavior of pineappl (Ananas comosus, L.) thin layer drying in a greenhouse-type solar dryer and second to describe the best fitting kinetic and mathematical model taken from literature. A large scale greenhouse dryer designed and installed at Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand was used to dry slices 1 cm width at temperature range between 25-60 °C with relative humidity between 50-90%. Nine statistical models, either empirical or semi-empirical, were tested in order to validate the experimental data. A non-linear regression analysis conducted by a statistical computer program was applied to evaluate the constants of all the models. The parameter values, root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE) and modelling efficiency (EFF) of the nine models were calculated. Comparison outcomes of two experiments are displayed between the predicted moisture content and the observed pineapple moisture content. Hasibuan and Daud drying model proved to describe the best pineapple solar drying curves. The two experiments were carried out on sunny days, the second experiment on the third day showed cloudiness decreasing the solar radiation. Mathematical models of pineapple drying in a greenhouse dryer have not been found so far in the literature. Drying curves obtained from experiments showed that the constant drying and the falling drying rate periods exist. Nine thin-layer drying models were fitted to two experimental data in order to describe the drying characteristics of pineapple founding that the Hasibuan and Daud model was the best fitting.

Genuine Mexican cheeses: technological processes and manufacturing parameters

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mónica Andrea Celeste Centeno-Rodríguez ◽  
Mónica Giovanna Gutiérrez-Cárdenas ◽  
Mariana Jaime-Patlán ◽  
Ezequiel Francisco Meza-Plaza ◽  
Karen Estefanía Montecillos-Ramírez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Manufacturing Processes ◽  
Processing Conditions ◽  
Soft Or ◽  
Manufacturing Parameters

Objective: To give an overview of the current situation of Mexican genuine cheeses (MGCs), their characteristics and their production processing conditions (milk origin, coagulation agent, type of ripening and maturation). Methodology: Information on about twenty MGCs available in scientific articles, databases, and Internet pages was collected, analyzed, and classified. Results: The main classification of MGCs is made with respect to their moisture content (soft or fresh, semi-soft or semi-hard, and hard). Most MGCs are not matured, thus limiting their shelf life and large-scale commercialization. Matured MGCs use their own microbiota, developing characteristic textures and flavors. Limitations: There is little research on the MGC manufacturing processes and their impact on the physical and sensory properties of the final product. Furthermore, no MGC has a designation of origin, which is a disadvantage on the global market. Conclusions: Most MGCs are produced manually and only few of them are produced on a (semi)industrial scale. Standardizing their production would allow their producers to make improvements and innovations on MGCs and increase their shelf life.

scholarly journals Effect of Inulin, Polydextrose, or Resistant Starch on the Quality Parameters of Prebiotic Bread

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 14889-14897
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Resistant Starch ◽  
Specific Volume ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Sensory Characteristics ◽  
Crumb Firmness ◽  
Texture Characteristics

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the addition of prebiotic components (resistant starch, inulin, or polydextrose, 10% of flour weight) on the flour characteristics and quality parameters of bread. Prebiotic addition increased the particle size of the flour. Inulin addition did not impact the physicochemical and texture characteristics of the bread, while resistant starch addition resulted in bread with higher crumb firmness, moisture content, and specific volume. However, both components improved the sensory characteristics (chewiness, crust, aroma, taste, and total acceptability) of the bread. They decreased the staling of the products, maintaining the quality parameters for a longer period of time. Polydextrose could also be used as a prebiotic component, resulting in products with similar sensory characteristics to the control but higher crumb firmness and specific volume. In conclusion, the most suitable prebiotic components in bread would be inulin and resistant starch because of improved sensory scores and prolongation of the shelf life.

scholarly journals Effect of Potassium Permanganate on Colour and Textural Characteristics of Tomatoes at Ambient Temperature Storage

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-62
Author(s):  
Victor C. Wabali ◽  
Akpevwe Esiri
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
Potassium Permanganate ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Plastic Container ◽  
Tomato Fruits ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Acceptable Quality ◽  
Significant Difference

Mature unripe tomato fruits were evaluated to check the effectiveness of potassium permanganate on the quality parameters of colour and texture under ambient storage conditions in extending the shelf life of tomatoes. 50 g each of mature unripe tomato fruits were weighed into a plastic container containing different concentrations of potassium permanganate including control (2.5 ppm, 5.0 ppm, 7.5 ppm, 10.0 ppm, 12.5 ppm and 15.0 ppm). The experiment was laid out in a complete randomized design and replicated four times. A sensory evaluation of quality parameters of color and texture was carried out using a hedonic scale ranking. Results obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance and Least Significant Difference (LSD). Under ambient conditions, the tomatoes samples that were stored with a concentration of 5 ppm of KMnO4 showed a higher or acceptable quality in terms of colour and texture. In terms of shelf life, 7.5 ppm of KMnO4 under ambient conditions, kept the tomatoes in an acceptable quality for 11 days as shown in the result.

scholarly journals Performance of direct seeded rice in Tungabhadra command area of Karnataka

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 2481-2484
Author(s):  
Y. M. Ramesha ◽  
Manjunath Bhanuvally ◽  
Ashok Kumar Gaddi
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Command Area ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Transplanted Rice ◽  
Labour Requirement ◽  
Direct Seeded

A large scale demonstration was taken on direct seeded rice in four locations (one at ARS, and three at Farmers field in 50 acres each) in and around the Agricultural Research Station, Dhadesugur, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, Karnataka. Our analysis showed that, the yield performance of direct seeded rice (DSR) varied with transplanted rice (TPR) and with different locations. This may be due to variety used and crop management practices adopted by the farmers. In L2, maximum grain yield was recorded in DSR (6500 kg/ha) and TPR (6200 kg/ ha) compared to other three locations. Further, the grain yield was higher in DSR compared to TPR in all the locations. Similarly, economics of DSR varied with TPR and with different locations. This may be due to yield variation at different locations. In L2, net returns and B:C ratio were higher in DSR (` 93628/ha and 3.93, respectively) and TPR (`79868/ ha and 3.0, respectively) compared to other three locations. Further, net returns and B:C ratio were higher in DSR compared to TPR. Further, 47% of the labour requirement was saved in DSR compared to TPR. Therefore, concluded that, farmers can grow rice by direct seeding instead of planting to save the labour and the expenditure.

scholarly journals Performance of Sugar Beet (Beeta vulgaris) to Different Dates of Sowing under Temperature Regime

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumar D. Lamani ◽  
S. I. Halikatti
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Temperature Regime ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Sugar Beet Crop

Field experiment was undertaken during 2005-06 to 2006-07 to study the various agro-techniques for sugar beet cultivation for Northern Karnataka at Agricultural Research Station, Bailhongal, Belgaum district (Karnataka) under irrigated condition. The experiment consisted of 24 treatment combinations comprising of sugar beet dates of sowing and cultivars. Design of the experiment was split plot having date of sowing as main plot and genotypes as subplots. Among the 12 different dates of sowing, higher yield and yield attributes were observed in sowing at October I fortnight compared to the rest of the treatments and between the two sugar beet genotypes, Cauvery recorded significantly higher yield and yield attributes than Indus. Similar trend was followed for quality parameters also. Sowing of sugar beet crop either in winter season or monsoon gave higher yield and sowing in April month was not suitable as it gave very low yields.

Calibration and modification of impedance probe for near surface soil moisture measurements

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. D. Tsegaye ◽  
W. Tadesse ◽  
T. L. Coleman ◽  
T. J. Jackson ◽  
H. Tewolde
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Soil Moisture Content ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Ground Truth ◽  
Shallow Depth ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Impedance Probe

A reliable and low cost sensor that can measure soil moisture at or near the soil surface is currently not available. The objectives of this study were: (i) to evaluate the possibility of modifying an impedance probe (IP) to measure soil moisture content at a very shallow depth (2–5 cm); and (ii) to compare the soil moisture values obtained using the IP to the values obtained using the traditional gravimetric method. The research was conducted at the Winfred A. Thomas Agricultural Research Station (WTARS) Hazel Green, Alabama. The standard IP that is capable of measuring soil moisture content at 6-cm soil depth was modified to measure soil moisture at 2-, 3-, and 5-cm depths. Using a site and depth-specific calibration technique it provided results that were comparable to the values that were obtained following the traditional gravimetric water content determination protocol. We found that the instrument was very sensitive to changes in soil moisture content and has great potential as a replacement for the gravimetric technique. It allows repetitive measurements of soil moisture content at a very shallow depth with minimal soil disturbance. Fur thermore, the instrument is particularly valuable for providing ground- truth soil moisture contents to validate remotely sensed data. Key words: Soil moisture, remote sensing, impedance probe, ground-truth, validation

scholarly journals Effect of thickness of polythene bag on seed quality of soybean

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 709-716
Author(s):  
MR Ali ◽  
MM Rahman ◽  
KU Ahammad
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Seed Moisture Content ◽  
Seed Moisture ◽  
Dry Matter Weight

An experiment was conducted at the Seed Laboratory of Regional Agricultural Research Station (RARS), Jamalpur during the period from May to November 2010 to study the effect of thickness of polythene bags on quality of soybean seed during storage. Seven levels of thickness of polythene bags viz. i) 0.02mm, ii) 0.03mm, iii) 0.04mm, iv) 0.05mm, v) 0.06mm, vi) 0.07mm and vii) 0.08mm were include as treatment in the trial. Seed moisture content, germination percentage, vigor and seedling dry matter weight were taken during May to November 2010 at two month intervals. Results showed that during the storage period the lowest seed moisture content and highest germination percentage, vigor index, seedling dry matter weight and field emergence were found for seed stored in 0.08mm thickness polythene bags. The germination of seed at two months after storage ranged between 76% to 95.3% and that was between 0% and 90.7% after six months of storage under ambient room condition. Soybean seed could be stored safely at ambient condition with more than 80% germination for six months by keeping them in polythene bags having thickness between 0.03mm to 0.08mm with 8% seed moisture content. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v39i4.22550 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 39(4): 709-716, December 2014

scholarly journals Response of clusterbean varieties to various inter and intra row spacings in rainfed alfisols

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Radha Kumari ◽  
B Sahadeva Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Cluster Bean ◽  
Pooled Data ◽  
Agricultural Research Station ◽  
Crop Geometry

A field experiment was conducted to study the influence of spacing on clusterbean varieties in alfisols of scarce rainfall zone under rainfed situation for consecutive three kharif seasons of 2013, 2014 and 2015 at the Agricultural Research Station, Ananthapuram of Andhra Pradesh. Pooled data revealed that higher yield was recorded with branched varieties (447 kg ha-1) than unbranched varieties (445 kg ha-1). Unbranched variety produced higher haulm yield. Among crop geometry, 22.5 x 10 cm recorded higher seed yield of 512 kg ha-1 while lowest seed yield of 393 kg ha-1 obtained with 45x10 cm. Among crop geometry tested, higher haulm yield was registered with 45x7.5 and 22.5x7.5 cm spacing resulted lowest haulm yield. Considering the economics and large scale availability of seed drills and planters with farmers sowing of cluster bean either branched or unbranched genotypes with 30 x 7.5 or 10 cm spacing was found optimum.

scholarly journals Analisis Umur Simpan Bubuk Kakao dalam Kemasan Plastik Standing Pounch Menggunakan Pendekatan Model Arrhenius

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Iman Sabarisman ◽  
Satria Bhirawa Anoraga ◽  
Ika Restu Revulaningtyas
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Peroxide Value ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Gravimetric Method ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Cocoa Powder

Cocoa powder is usually used to be a raw material in the chocolate products. In the large scale production, cocoa powder must be stored at specific time period before it was used. The quality of cocoa powder can decrease during storage period hence shelf life analysis of cocoa powder is needed. The aim of this study was to determine the shelf life of cocoa powder by Accelerated Shelf Life Testing (ASLT) Method with Arrhenius Model Approach. Cocoa powder was stored at different temperature (30, 40, and 50oC) and different packaging type (plastic with zipper and paper craft with zipper) to simul atedacceleration of damage as a result of temperature increase. Cocoa powder contained high level of fat so it more easily gone rancid. Moisture content and peroxide value were observed periodically that shown the quality parameters of cocoa powder. Initial moisture content and fat content of cocoa powder were analyzed by gravimetric method. Degree of rancidity which was shown with peroxide value was analyzed by iodometric titration method. According to the change of peroxide value, the shelf life of cocoa powder can be estimated.

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