scholarly journals ANALISIS POLA PENDAPATAN RUMAH TANGGA PERTANIAN PRA DAN PASCA TERJADINYA KRISIS EKONOMI DI INDONESIA: APLIKASI MULTIPLIER DECOMPOSITION PADA SISTEM NERACA SOSIAL

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Firmansyah Firmansyah
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Farm Workers ◽  
The Other ◽  
Household Expenditure ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Agricultural Household ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Farm Livestock

Contraction of Indonesia's production sectors in 1998 as economic crisis impacts, have not been occurred on Farm, Livestock, Forestry and Fisheries sector and Electricity, Gas and Water sector. Particularly on Farm, Livestock, Forestry and Fisheries sector is interesting that the sector have been gave a second big contribution on Indonesia GDP less than Manufacturing sector, meanwhile most Indonesia citizen are farmer. On the other word, this sector is the Indonesia economy base.We have not said yet that Indonesia's citizen as prosperous as before crisis. Because, nor the sector it self and its agents would not live 'alone' and need others sector's commodities. It could be said, that linkage with the other sectors is high.The aim of this is to observe the agricultural household income, pre and post economic crisis, that we have used Indonesia SAM table 1995, 1998 and 1999 and multiplier decomposition analysis.Analysis result of SAM table explains a big shock of economic activity on agricultural household particularly on farm workers household and farmer landowner 0-0,5 Ha households. Although on 1998 agricultural household is worse than condition before, the prospect of recovery has been seen on income condition and agricultural household expenditure on SAM 1999 observation.Multiplier analysis on SAM table indicate that from 1995 to 1999 the sock of economic activities by agricultural household less than non-agricultural household. In fact, economic crisis did not give significant impact on agricultural household, however the recovery of agricultural household is sluggish. The result shows that from 1995 to 1999 agricultural household is consistent, mainly on farmer land owner 0-0,5 Ha household and farmer worker household.

scholarly journals Development of Incomes and Expenditures in Slovak Households

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
Zuzana Lazíková
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
The Other ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Common Currency ◽  
Savings Rate ◽  
The Common ◽  
Household Incomes ◽  
The Eu

Abstract The household income is one of the basic indicators of the human living standard in the countries or their regions. The indicator of income is very closely connected to the indicator of expenditures, which completes the view of the living standard of households. During the last two decades, there were some important events that have influenced the development of household incomes and expenditures in Slovakia, such as accession of the Slovak Republic into the EU, adoption of the common currency euro or economic crisis as well. In the last years, the net incomes as well as the net expenditures of the Slovak households have increased. According to the results, this trend will continue; however, the net expenditures will increase faster than the net incomes of households. Therefore, we can expect that the savings rate will decrease. On the other hand, the differences of net household income and expenditures among the regions of Slovakia were not eliminated. There is still a high difference of the net household income mainly between the Bratislava region and the Prešov region.

scholarly journals Household Accounting: A Case Study of Johor State

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Norhayati Alias ◽  
Raziah Mohamed Sadique ◽  
Noraizah Abu Bakar ◽  
Dini Onasis
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Publishing House ◽  
General Pattern ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Other ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages

Household accounting is also known as the financial management of household income and consumption were given attention during this pandemic era. The reason is that the pattern of spending among households plays an important role in ensuring the financial stability and sustainability of households, especially during a crisis. During the inflation phenomenon, purchasing power decreases despite the increase or constant in the value of household income. A significant amount of the consumption among households is finances through debt. Malaysia’s household debt to GDP is among the highest in Asia that exceeded several high-income nations, including the United States and Japan. The household-to-GDP ratio was 86.9% in 2015 and increased to 87.5% as of June 2020. The increase especially during the contraction of nominal GDP and economic crisis because of the Covid-19 pandemic is indeed very alarming. Therefore, consumers need to keep track of their income and spending behavior to help them to become more resilient, despite the economic crisis. This study attempts to investigate the pattern of managing household accounting, specifically consumption and income among Johor citizens.  For this study, the secondary data was collected through the Report of Statistics Department for the year 2019.  Descriptive statistical analysis was carried out to investigate the patterns of consumption among three income groups: B40, M40, and T20. Consumptions were divided into 13 groups of necessities and non-necessities household expenses. The result showed that across the three groups, housing and utility expenses are the highest consumptions followed by food and non-alcoholic beverages. Group B40 is the lowest income group among the three consumed more than the other two groups for both types of expenses. One possible explanation could be this group has more members in the household as compared to the other two groups. However, a more detailed analysis of this fact should be carried out in the future to understand why it is so. This study is limited only to Johor state. A future in-depth study could widen the sample to the whole of Malaysia to better understand the general pattern of consumption of Malaysian households. By understanding the pattern of consumption, we could help the household to better manage their spending, prioritize their consumption, and hope to help them to save some for future use. Keywords: household, household accounting, income, consumption eISSN: 2398-4287© 2021. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v6i18.3081

scholarly journals PEKERJAAN LUAR USAHATANI (KASUS RUMAH TANGGA PETANI GUREM DI JAWA)

Agro Ekonomi ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Ken Suratiyah
Keyword(s):  
Household Income ◽  
The Other ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Small Farmers ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
Welfare Level ◽  
Income Sources ◽  
Level Increase ◽  
Part Time ◽  
On Farm

Small farmer's household never deppend on on-farm income, they must to get other income sources by allocating their family labour as must as possible.Although they are small farmers, they still regard their job is being farmer and the other off-farm activities just as part time jobs. Family labour allocation on off-farm activities is about four times then on-farm, the off-farm's share to household income are 60,31%.By off-farm activities household farmer welfare level increase from poverty level to become wealthy level or not be poor level. The fact is show that off-farm activities to become more important for small farmer's household.

scholarly journals SME business performance: an analysis of economic activities by sectors and subsectors in Guanajuato, Mexico

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Martha Ríos Manríquez
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
The Other ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive ◽  
Substitute Materials

This article identifies the factors that influence business performance (BP) in the construction, trade, and services sectors, as well as sub-sectors and branches of the manufacturing sector of small and mid-size enterprises (SME) in the state of Guanajuato, Mexico. A quantitative, descriptive, and correlational statistical analysis was performed on a sample of 460 enterprises, estimating a linear regression model using the ordinary least squares (OLS) method. Empirical evidence reveals that the construction, trade, and services sectors agree that profitability, efficient internal processes, and low labor absenteeism are those factors that mostly influence BP. On the other hand, in sub-sectors of low-technology manufacturing (minerals, metals, plastic and rubber; textile; and leather and substitute materials), the quality of product is the factor viewed as the most relevant to explain BP in Mexican SME.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF WORLD CPO PRICE CHANGE TOWARDS PRICES, ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES, AND INCOME DISTRIBUTION IN INDONESIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wisnu Winardi ◽  
Hadi Susanto ◽  
Kadim Martana
Keyword(s):  
Income Distribution ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Price Change ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cge Model ◽  
Social Accounting Matrix ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Cge Models ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
The Impact

Paper ini menganalisis dampak perubahan harga CPO dunia terhadap harga-harga, aktivitas ekonomi, dan distribusi pendapatan rumah tangga di Indonesia dengan pendekatan model CGE. Model pertama mengasumsikan Indonesia tidak mampu memengaruhi harga, sedangkan model kedua mengasumsikan Indonesia mampu memengaruhi harga. Data utama yang digunakan bersumber dari Tabel Sistem Neraca Sosial Ekonomi Indonesia tahun 2008. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa apabila Indonesia berperan sebagai penerima harga, peningkatan harga CPO dunia diperkirakan akan berdampak pada penguatan nilai tukar, penurunan tingkat harga, dan meningkatkan aktivitas ekonomi, namun sedikit mengurangi kemerataan distribusi pendapatan. Di sisi lain, penurunan harga CPO dunia akan memberikan dampak yang sebaliknya. Apabila Indonesia dapat berperan memengaruhi harga, perubahan harga CPO dunia diperkirakan akan berdampak sama dengan bila Indonesia tidak dapat memengaruhi harga, namun dengan nilai perubahan yang relatif lebih kecil. Hasil ini mengindikasikan bahwa Indonesia sebaiknya dapat berperan sebagai penerima harga ketika harga CPO dunia bertendensi meningkat dan berperan memengahuhi harga ketika harga CPO dunia bertendensi turun. This paper analyzes the impact of world CPO change price towards prices, economic activities, and household income distribution using CGE Models. The first model assumes that Indonesia is a price taker, while the second model assumes that Indonesia could influence the price. The main data were taken from Indonesian Social Accounting Matrix 2008. The simulation results suggest that if Indonesia takes the role as a price taker, an increase in world CPO price will affect exchange rate, decrease prices, and improve economic activities, but it slightly worsened household income distribution. On the other hand, a decrease in world CPO price will bring about the opposite impacts respectively. Conversely, if Indonesia takes the role as a main price influencer, world CPO price change will lead to a similar result with less magnitude impacts. These findings suggest that Indonesia should be able to take the role as a price taker when world CPO price is increasing and as a main price influencer when world CPO price is decreasing.

The impact of economic crisis on mental and physical health in Italy

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (02) ◽  
pp. 103-110
Author(s):  
S. Tomassi ◽  
M. Ruggeri
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Great Recession ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Behavioural Disorders ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mental And Physical Health

Summary Background: The global crisis that began in 2007 has been the most prolonged economic recession since 1929. It has caused worldwide tangible costs in terms of cuts in employment and income, which have been widely recognised also as major social determinants of mental health (1, 2). The so-called “Great Recession” has disproportionately affected the most vulnerable part of society of the whole Eurozone (3). Across Europe, an increase in suicides and deaths rates due to mental and behavioural disorders was reported among those who lost their jobs, houses and economic activities as a consequence of the crisis.

The Other Entrepreneurs - Migrant Economies as Spaces for Social Innovation?

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-271
Author(s):  
Claudia Lintner
Keyword(s):  
Social Innovation ◽  
Close Relation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Structural Level ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Migrant Entrepreneurship ◽  
False Dichotomy ◽  
Migrant Entrepreneurs ◽  
The One

This article analyses the relationship between migrant entrepreneurship, marginalisation and social innovation. It does so, by looking how their ‘otherness’ is used on the one hand to reproduce their marginalised situation in society and on the other to develop new living and working arrangements promoting social innovation in society. The paper is based on a qualitative study, which was carried out from March 2014- 2016. In this period, twenty semi-structured interviews were conducted with migrant entrepreneurs and experts. As the results show, migrant entrepreneurs are characterised by a false dichotomy of “native weakness” in economic self-organisation against the “classical strength” of majority entrepreneurs. It is shown that new possibilities of acting in the context of migrant entrepreneurship are mostly organised in close relation to the lifeworlds and specific needs deriving from this sphere. Social innovation processes initiated by migrant entrepreneurs through their economic activities thus develop on a micro level and are hence less apparent. Supportive networks are missing on a structural level, so it becomes difficult for single innovative initiatives to be long-lasting.

Pengaruh Financial Leverage terhadap Financial Performance pada Sektor Industri Manufaktur yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) Periode 2015

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-48
Author(s):  
Rivaldy Februansyah ◽  
Ika Yanuarti
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Debt Ratio ◽  
Financial Leverage ◽  
Coverage Ratio ◽  
Equity Ratio ◽  
Internal Fund

The manufacturing sector is one of the most dominant economic sectors in in achieving growth and development in Indonesia. It needs adequate fund to develop its business. The sources of fund are from internal and external. The firm usually optimized the usage of internal fund prior to external fund. The internal fund comes from equity while the external funds are from debt and stock. Debt is also known as financial leverage. There is a phenomenon that the usage of debt increased the firm’s financial performance, since interest on debt could lower the payment of tax (tax shield). On the other side, the higher the financial leverage the higher the risk of bankruptcy. This research aims to analyze whether financial leverage has an influence on financial performance in the manufacturing sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) period 2015. The method of analysis used in this research is multiple linear regression analysis. This research uses quantitative approach with a sample of 140 listed companies in the manufacturing industry. The firm’s financial performance could be measured by the financial ratios. Financial Leverage ratios are ratios that measure the ability of firm’s to meet its financial obligation and the level of usage debt as compared to equity. There are several financial leverage ratios that used in this research, such as Debt Ratio (DR), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), Interest Coverage Ratio (ICR), and Long Term Debt Ratio (LTDR). Financial performance indicates the ability of firm to generate profit and measured by Profitability Ratio. Return on Asset (ROA) is one of the Profitability Ratio. The statistical result shows that Debt Ratio (DR) negatively affect Return on Asset (ROA) and Interest Coverage Ratio (ICR) positively affect Return on Asset (ROA). Meanwhile, Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) and Long Term Debt Ratio (LTDR) did not affect Return on Asset (ROA). On the other hand, result shows that Debt Ratio (DR), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), Interest Coverage Ratio (ICR), and Long Term Debt Ratio (LTDR) affect Return on Asset (ROA) simultaneously. Keywords: Financial Leverage, Debt Ratio (DR), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), Interest Coverage Ratio (ICR), Long Term Debt Ratio (LTDR), Financial Performance, Return on Assets (ROA)

Understanding Rising Income Inequality and Stagnating Ordinary Living Standards in Germany

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerhard Bosch ◽  
Thorsten Kalina
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Wage Bargaining ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Social Model ◽  
Real Wages ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

This chapter describes how inequality and real incomes have evolved in Germany through the period from the 1980s, through reunification, up to the economic Crisis and its aftermath. It brings out how reunification was associated with a prolonged stagnation in real wages. It emphasizes how the distinctive German structures for wage bargaining were eroded over time, and the labour market and tax/transfer reforms of the late 1990s-early/mid-2000s led to increasing dualization in the labour market. The consequence was a marked increase in household income inequality, which went together with wage stagnation for much of the 1990s and subsequently. Coordination between government, employers, and unions still sufficed to avoid the impact the economic Crisis had on unemployment elsewhere, but the German social model has been altered fundamentally over the period

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