scholarly journals Activation of polyethylene granules by finely dispersed zinc

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-197
Author(s):  
А. M. Kucherenko ◽  
◽  
О. G. Nikitchuk ◽  
L. Dulebova ◽  
V. S. Moravskyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Activation ◽  
Ball Mill ◽  
Activation Process ◽  
Copper Plating ◽  
Experimental Researches ◽  
Metallization Process

The results of experimental researches of features of mechanical activation of polyethylene granules with finely dispersed zinc in a ball mill, and also results of research of chemical copper plating of activated polyethylene granules are given. The influence of the ratio of polyethylene granules and fine zinc, the speed of rotation of the ball mill and the duration of activation, as well as the degree of loading of the components in the activation process of polyethylene granules was studied. It is established that the condition of activation of polyethylene granules with finely divided zinc has a significant impact on the metallization process and the copper efficiency of activated polyethylene granules.

scholarly journals THE PHYSIOLOGICAL AND HYGIENIC EVALUATION OF THE OPERATOR’S WORKING CONDITIONS IN THE SYNTHESIS OF CHROMIUM DISILICIDE NANOCRYSTALLINE POWDERS BY HIGH-ENERGETICAL MECHANOACTIVATION METHOD

2017 ◽  
pp. 89-95
Author(s):  
A. P. Yavorovskiy ◽  
N. V. Solokha ◽  
O. V. Demetskaya ◽  
I. M. Andrusishina
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Activation ◽  
Technological Process ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Ball Mill ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Planetary Ball Mill ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Activation Process ◽  
Plant Design

Objective: to carry out the physiological and hygienic evaluation of the working conditions of operators producing chromium disilicide nanopowders by high-energetical mechanoactivation method and to develop the preventive recommendations. Material and methods. The object of research was the technological process of producing nanocrystalline chromium disilicide powder within a planetary ball mill. The hygienic assessment of the technological process, technological equipment and psycho-physiologic evaluation of the working environment of the operators were carried out using the generally accepted psychophysiological, hygienic, and chronometer methods of study. The concentration of nanoparticles in the working area was measured using the diffusion aerosol spectrometer DAS-2702 («Aeronanoteh», Russia), the nanopowder particle size was measured by the device Analysette 12 DynaSizer («Fritsch», Germany), the chemical composition of air samples was determined by atomic emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma (ICP-AES) using the device «Ortima 2100 DV» («Perkin-Elmer», USA). Results. It was found out for the first time that the mechanical activation process was accompanied by emission of nano-sized chromium into the air of the working area, which had not been detected before the beginning of the work. The total concentration of nanoparticles in the main room was 1.6-1.9 times higher than that in the working area of the planetary ball mill and exceeded the test levels recommended for nanomaterials in European countries. Conclusion. The basic adverse factors in case of producing nanopowder of chromium disilicide by mechanoactivation method are presence of nanoparticles of metals in the workplace air and intensity of work. We have proposed hygienic recommendations which are aimed at improving the plant design for the high-energy mechanical activation in the direction of ensuring tightness, reduction of manual work operations, audible and visual signaling during the technological process.

Comparative kinetic study of mechanical activation process of mica and talc for industrial application

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 181-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ljubiša Andrić ◽  
Anja Terzić ◽  
Zagorka Aćimović-Pavlović ◽  
Ljubica Pavlović ◽  
Milan Petrov
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Study ◽  
Mechanical Activation ◽  
Industrial Application ◽  
Activation Process

Effect of mechanical activation on the structure of pulverized coal and iron ore powder

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (6) ◽  
pp. 624
Author(s):  
Rufei Wei ◽  
Dongwen Xiang ◽  
Hongming Long ◽  
Jiaxin Li ◽  
Qingmin Meng
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Mechanical Activation ◽  
Gibbs Free Energy ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
Pulverized Coal ◽  
Activation Process ◽  
Free Energies ◽  
Boundary Area ◽  
Particle Sizer ◽  
Storage Energy

Morphologies and structures of pulverized coal and iron ore powder after mechanical activation were studied by SEM, XRD, FTIR and laser particle sizer. The microcrystalline structure of coal was found to be destroyed by mechanical activation via reducing the pile height and number of layers, and the organic structure of coal was altered through the destruction of the ether bond. Mechanical activation led to distortions and dislocations of the crystal lattice of iron ore, decreasing crystallite size, increasing the grain boundary area, and producing an amorphous phase. These increased the Gibbs free energies of dislocations and grain boundaries as well as the surface Gibbs free energy and the amorphization Gibbs free energy, which would eventually increase the energy stored in iron ore called mechanical storage energy. The longer the mechanical activation process, the higher mechanical storage energy for the iron ore will be saved. The amorphization Gibbs free energy is the biggest among the four kinds of Gibbs free energy, accounting for 94.8% ∼ 87.1% of the total storage energy in the mechanical activated iron ore.

Influence of Particle Size Distribution, Energy Condition and Reactivity of the Deposited Material on Nanopatterning of Surface Layers Made of Shape Memory Materials

2017 ◽  
Vol 730 ◽  
pp. 8-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhesfina Michailovna Blednova ◽  
Peter Olegovich Rusinov ◽  
Maria Evgenievna Bezmogorychnaya
Keyword(s):  
Shape Memory ◽  
Mechanical Activation ◽  
Energy Intensity ◽  
Energy Condition ◽  
Thermodynamic Characteristics ◽  
Basic Material ◽  
Activation Process ◽  
Surface Layers ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Shape Memory Materials

The article contains a block diagram of the mechanical activation process of multicomponent shape memory materials, taking into account the variety of influencing factors. We proposed to evaluate the reactivity of the deposited material by using the energy criterion (energy intensity), determined by additivity concept as an amount of the basic material energy and energy accumulated during mechanical activation. The energy intensity of the basic material depends on the chemical and phase composition and is determined by the thermodynamic characteristics and is based on diagrams of the systems. The energy accumulated during the MA, is determined on the basis of X-ray structural analysis. We have shown experimentally that increase in fineness of grind leads to growth in the number of active centers. This enables nanopatterning of surface layers in high-velocity oxygen-fuel spraying (HVOF). Increasing the time of MA (1.5 h) promotes a more homogeneous structure during HVOF. The study results allow developing practical recommendations for effective implementation of multi-component SME materials with HVOF.

A Novel Nanoparticles Activation Technique for Electroless Plating on ABS Plastic

2014 ◽  
Vol 609-610 ◽  
pp. 55-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Fang Ma ◽  
Fang Ma ◽  
Hua Sun ◽  
Xiaor Rui Wang ◽  
Rong Yan Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Plastic Substrate ◽  
Activation Process ◽  
Activation Technique ◽  
Copper Plating ◽  
Electroless Copper Plating ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Electroless Copper

This paper reports a novel and facile activation process for electroless copper plating on Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) plastic substrate using gold nanoparticles as catalyst. Gold nanoparticles were prepared by chemical reduction method and characterized by UVvisible adsorption spectrum and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The gold nanoparticles were sphere-like with a size of less than 50 nm. Gold nanoparticles were adsorbed on ABS surface and acted as nucleation centers in activating process of the electroless copper plating. The uniform and dense film was obtained at the optimal technological parameters which were achieved by the orthogonal experiment. The scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used to detect the morphology, structure and elemental composition of the coating, respectively. The results indicated that copper coating contained only Cu (0) without any other elements.

Microstructure and properties of pure and composite metal powders after mechanical activation in planetary ball mill

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michail A. Korchagin ◽  
Ivan A. Ditenberg ◽  
Konstantin I. Denisov ◽  
Alexander N. Tyumentsev
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Activation ◽  
Ball Mill ◽  
Planetary Ball Mill ◽  
Metal Powders ◽  
Microstructure And Properties

Formation of Rod-Like Al2TiO5 Via Mechanical Activation Followed by Thermal Processing

2007 ◽  
Vol 534-536 ◽  
pp. 53-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Hu Chen ◽  
Xiao Min Chen ◽  
Huang Zhao ◽  
Ji Huai Wu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Activation ◽  
Thermal Processing ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Milled Powder ◽  
Planetary Mill ◽  
Activation Process ◽  
Powder Mixtures ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Typical Morphology

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the possibility of rod-like Al2TiO5 formation via a mechanical activation process. A QM-ISP-4 Planetary Mill was employed to activate mechanically the mixtures of anatase and corundum in air at room temperature for different times. The milled powder mixtures were then sintered in air at 1300°C for 1 h. The XRD results showed that the milled powder mixtures were completely transformed into Al2TiO5 after sintering, except the mixtures milled for 5 and 10 hours. The SEM observations showed the typical morphology of rod-like Al2TiO5 vary in the range: widths from 0.6 to 1.2 μm, and lengths from 3.0 to 6.0 μm. The rod-like Al2TiO5 formation was attributed to the positive effects caused by the mechanical activation.

scholarly journals The influence of mechanical activation on sintering process of BaCO3-SrCO3-TiO2 system

2012 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darko Kosanovic ◽  
N. Obradovic ◽  
J. Zivojinovic ◽  
A. Maricic ◽  
V.P. Pavlovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Activation ◽  
Ball Mill ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
Electrical Measurements ◽  
Air Atmosphere ◽  
Titanate Ceramics ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this article the influence of mechanical activation on sintering process of bariumstrontium-titanate ceramics has been investigated. Both non-activated and mixtures treated in a planetary ball mill for 5, 10, 20, 40, 80 and 120 minutes were sintered at 1100-1400?C for 2 hours in presence of air atmosphere. The influence of mechanical activation on phase composition and crystal structure has been analyzed by XRD, while the effect of activation and sintering process on microstructure was investigated by scanning electron microscopy. It has been established that temperature of 1100?C was too low to induce final sintering stage for this system. Electrical measurements have been conducted for the densest ceramics sintered at 1400?C for 2 hours.

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