scholarly journals Trends in the development of the high-tech sphere in the conditions of globalization

2021 ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Iryna Otenko ◽  
Оlena Ptashchenko
Keyword(s):  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
High Technology ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Future Research ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Information Layer ◽  
The Impact ◽  
High Technologies

Introduction. The presented work considers the main features of the high-tech sphere, presents trends in its development taking into account the requirements of time and processes of globalization and integration based on the generalization and analysis of theoretical, analytical and statistical information layer.  It is determined that the concept  of high technology is a new technology based on the current stage of scientific and technological development. They correspond to a specific list of world commodity markets and priorities of scientific, technical and innovation policy of developed countries. The peculiarity of high technologies is that their rapid development changes the market and accelerates in other sectors of the economy.The purpose of the study is the process of creating new high technologies, and the subject of the study is the analysis of the main trends in the development of high-tech industry. The aim of the study is to consider the processes of globalization in the context of their impact on the high-tech sphere. The study is based on the analysis of research in the field of high technology and the formation of major trends in high-tech development, which allows to predict the main vector of development of high-tech sphere and the ability to forecast the development of domestic high-tech sphere.Research methods. The article used general scientific and specific research methods, in particular: comparison - to study the theoretical foundations of high-tech development and the formation of a categorical research apparatus; analysis and synthesis - in the process of identifying trends in the development of high-tech sphere.Research results. Technological progress has completely changed the structure of the modern world economy. Thanks to technology, new activities have now been developed, many of which are efficient and highly profitable. A classic example of the impact of      the introduction of high technology in everyday life is the emergence and use of new information technology. With the widespread use of new communication technology, this has dramatically reduced the cost of voice, data, text, images, and international charges for the transmission of information. Note that not every technology is a commodity and not every brand of technology. Technology can be a commodity in a certain field of activity, from an idea to a market, where you can identify applications that can be commercialized, analyzed and used. However, in this case, the technology must meet the requirements of standard products, such as patents, know-how, industrial or industrial designs, manufacturing practices, equipment and other equipment, technology, in short, as a means of production. technological processes.Perspectives. In future research we plan to identify the main problems of development of high-tech sphere of Ukraine; a promising direction is to determine the main characteristics of high-tech products, which are formed at each stage of production and in the presence of unsatisfactory characteristics, possible intervention in the production process of a prototype high-tech product.

scholarly journals Specialization of Emerging Countries and Economic Stability

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 200
Author(s):  
Ons Abbes ◽  
Abdessatar Ati ◽  
Fabienne Boudier
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Development Process ◽  
High Technology ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Emerging Countries ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Economic Stability ◽  
High Volatility ◽  
Development Spending ◽  
The Impact

The Emerging countries are characterized by high vulnerability. Their development process is therefore likely to be severely hampered by shocks, contributing to high volatility in their economic growth. To understand the high vulnerability of emerging countries, we explore the impact of structure and degree of specialization on economic instability. We find that countries whose specialization is based on natural resources are more unstable. On the other hand, increased research and development spending and a high number of patent applications reduce this instability. We also note that the impact of specialization in high technology depends on the level of development of the country; it is positive in emerging countries and negative in developed countries. This difference in the sign of the impact can be explained by a difference in the origin of the technology incorporated into the exports in these two categories of countries.We can conclude, then that the vulnerability of emerging countries and partly due to their specialization policies which are oriented mainly to products that come from natural resources and gathering of high-tech items.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF INNOVATIVE PROCESSES ON THE PRINCIPLES OF MARKETING IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larysa Snihyr
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
International Marketing ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Innovation Processes

The article considers the issue of the impact of innovation processes on the principles of marketing in foreign countries. It is studied that the emergence of global digital platforms, new business models also leads to the commercialization of such concepts as “talent”, “the field of progressive industry”, “high technology”. The introduction and active dissemination of innovative processes contributes to the growth of welfare, balanced technological, economic and socio-cultural development of society, ensures a high level of economic development in the world market. In recent decades, economically developed countries have seen a steady trend of increasing spending on the development of scientific and technical industries. The share of scientific knowledge in these countries accounts for 70% to 85% of GDP growth. The rapid pace of production of high-tech goods and technologies on a global scale contributes to the formation of a global market saturated with innovation as a new segment of the global economic space with its own characteristics and contradictions. The study of the impact of innovation processes on the principles of marketing; in particular the processes of its rapid development are relevant issues today. After all, active participation in the international market of innovation processes is a guarantee of access to advanced knowledge, stimulation of internal innovation, increasing the productivity of economic processes. Ensuring participation in the global market of innovation processes is possible only through the skilled use of international marketing tools and taking into account its distinctive features, such as rapid market volatility, short life cycle, lack of knowledge and difficulties in evaluating the product by customers, complexity of pricing and the need to adapt innovation. The peculiarities of the influence of innovation processes on the principles of marketing in foreign countries at the level of international marketing to determine the priority areas of its development in the market are analyzed. The study emphasizes that innovation is the driving force of entrepreneurship. The most favorable environment for the development of innovation is competition, in which each entrepreneur seeks to gain a competitive advantage through the introduction of innovation. It is proved that the main stimulus for the introduction of innovations is the possibility of obtaining additional profit (monopoly rent) due to the presence of significant differences in the production and sale of products on the market.

scholarly journals The Innovative Component of Economic Growth of Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (513) ◽  
pp. 57-66
Author(s):  
N. O. Kukharska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
It Services ◽  
Adequate Model ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact

It is illustrated that the basis of economic growth for Ukraine and the only opportunity to take its own place among developed countries is to embark on the path of innovative development. The evolution of conceptions describing the impact of innovation on the process of economic growth within the limits of a country is traced, the existing models of innovative development are explored. The statistical relationship between the level of development of the economy and the amount of financing for innovative processes is specified. The theoretical studies on the impact of financing for innovation on economic growth are justified by the results of the author’s own econometric analysis. On the basis of the comparison of international ratings, the main problems are identified and the peculiarities in the formation of an innovative economy in Ukraine along with the factors influencing its development are analyzed. It is substantiated that Ukraine still has sufficient innovation potential (in particular, high quality of human capital, wide coverage of the population with higher education, growing level of exports of IT services, development of both fixed and cellular communication, dynamics of patent activity), constituting the main and necessary component of modernization of the economy and its transition to a new technological level. However, due to the difficult socio-economic and political situation, the lack of imperative and vector of scientific-technological development and modernization of the country in terms of public policy, as well as an adequate strategy for innovative development, Ukraine loses a number of its competitive positions in the world market, especially in the market of high-tech products. The author substantiates the necessity to move in the nearest time from theoretical design of the «problematic field» of priorities of the State innovation policy to the strategizing processes, which include: choosing the most adequate model of innovation development; elaboration of a methodological instrumentarium for allocation from a wide range of scientific-technological and organizational-economic innovations the most significant for the growth of the economy and, on this basis, selection of the main priorities for the scientific-technological development of the country; development of a realistic strategy taking into account the interests of all stakeholders: representatives of government, business and science; ensuring financial, institutional, infrastructure and other mechanisms of its implementation; strict control over the mechanisms for strategy implementation.

INNOVATIVE ARCHITECTURAL IDEAS OF THE FUTURE DWELLINGS

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-75
Author(s):  
Dzhyhil Yu. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Personal Responsibility ◽  
Traffic Noise ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Housing Design ◽  
Residential Architecture ◽  
Planning Decisions ◽  
National University ◽  
Methodological Principles ◽  
The Impact

Residential architecture has one of the most conservative styles based on its specifics. However, today this type of architecture seeks to actively respond to changes in the modern world. These changes are caused by multiple factors, among them are: technological and information progress; lack of resources and environmental pollution; military conflicts and population migration etc. The purpose of this article is to summarize the experience of the Department of Architectural Environment of Lviv Polytechnic National University over housing issues and outline the methodological principles of innovation in designing both individual houses and the architectural environment of residential formations. While writing this article, we analyzed the 15-year experience of Architectural Environment's Department diploma projects. The unique feature of these projects is the priority on the design of the environment. The evolution of diploma project topics is revealed on multiple distinctive examples such as the reconstruction of old buildings in Lviv and the construction of prefabricated homes and container-type housing. Futuristic settlements are represented in projects such as “The Ocean Settlements” and “Prykarpatsk - the City of Future”. Research projects were developed to study current trends in housing design and the impact of innovative technologies on planning decisions. These projects discoursed the protection of housing from traffic noise and issues related to environmental preservation. Innovative architectural ideas of future housing, developed by students in these projects, are based on a combination of aesthetic, technical, and social components of architecture. The conclusion indicates that when educating future architects, it is important to teach them the basics of the craft, as well as the ability to defend their innovative ideas. The emphasis is placed on the importance of educating the architect's personal responsibility for their own design solutions. It is stated that professional motivation and the ability to constantly renew previously acquired knowledge and skills will be among the main tasks in training future architects.

CONCEPTUAL PRINCIPLES OF ACHIEVING INTELLECTUAL LEADERSHIP

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-104
Author(s):  
Liudmyla Tsymbal
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Physical Capital ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
High Tech ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Intellectual Leadership

The article identifies the key conceptual foundations for the formation of intellectual leadership of economic entities, including countries as specific actors in the global economy. Thorough preconditions for increasing the level of economic development and the impact of education have been identified. It is determined that historical concepts and modern realities of economic activity only actualize the role of education and enlightenment in the economic development of the national economy and ensuring its competitiveness. The strategies of increasing the competitiveness of individual countries of the world are analyzed, their key priorities in the conditions of formation of the knowledge economy are determined. The evolution of views on the role of human and intellectual capital in increasing the welfare of countries, the impact on GDP and other macroeconomic indicators is described. The ratings of countries are analyzed, in particular by the level of investment in intellectual capital and the structure of their GDP, which confirms the dominance of science-intensive economic activities. In addition, it was determined that the leading countries are characterized by increasing the role of knowledge-intensive activities, increasing the share of intangible assets, redistribution of capital of leading international companies and increasing research spending, increasing investment in human and intellectual capital, increasing exports of high-tech products. Analytical assessment confirms the advanced development of science-intensive industries in countries with developed economies, which creates the need for training and retraining of specialists needed for such industries. In modern conditions, the educational process ceases to be predominantly the prerogative of young people, and becomes a lifelong process, which increases spending on education in developed countries, but without denying the significant asymmetries on this indicator. Research confirms the direct relationship between the quality of human and physical capital and economic development, which is typical of highly developed countries, one of the main reasons for the development lag of the poorest countries. In addition, the article substantiates the key factors of intellectual leadership and their impact on the development of economic development strategies.

Research on the Impact of Shadow on the Performance of Building Photovoltaic System

2014 ◽  
Vol 694 ◽  
pp. 163-168
Author(s):  
Liang Guo ◽  
Yun Liang ◽  
Xu Zhang ◽  
Xiao Tian Yang
Keyword(s):  
System Performance ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Photovoltaic Module ◽  
Pv Module ◽  
New Energy ◽  
Generation Capacity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Support Cost

With the rapid development of world economy, the energy crisis has become one of the urgent problems to be solved. Photovoltaic technology is a green new energy industry, no pollution is widely used all over the world. Typically, for photovoltaic component installation, only considering the utilization of components support cost and area, and the arrangement of components have not given enough attention. Photovoltaic module in use process will inevitably encounter the shadow, the shadow changes to make appropriate adjustments to the PV module arrangement can enhance the power generation capacity. Effect of the shadow on the photovoltaic system performance can be effectively used for photovoltaic component to bring help, is of positive significance. This study analyzed the villa model typical, and the rectangular shadow is modeling, in order to analyze the influence on the photovoltaic component. Through the conclusion of this study can determine the horizontal and vertical components of photovoltaic components which caused little damage, and provide a reference for future research of shadow and photovoltaic system performance.

scholarly journals The Major Determinants of Innovative Environment Formation in Georgia

2020 ◽  
pp. 243-249
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Global Innovation ◽  
Innovative Environment ◽  
Job Growth ◽  
Innovative Economy

In parallel to the globalization of the modern world economy, the development of innovative policies for economic development is considered as a topical problem in a number of countries around the world. For developed countries, innovative economies have become one of the key preconditions for the country’s economic success. In Georgia, despite recent economic reforms, the country has not achieved tangible results in terms of innovation development. Hence the development of the economy needs to facilitate the formation of an innovative economy. Experience in developed countries shows that in a transformative economy the crucial role lies in the development of innovations and technological novelties. Accordingly, the article examines the contribution of innovation to the economic development of transformational countries. Priorities of innovation policy in Georgia have been identified, and the role of innovation in creating a competitive environment, increasing productivity and raising living standards has been assessed. The article uses the Global Innovation Index (GII) to assess the level of innovation in a country. There are discussed mechanisms that can help achieve long-term economic growth, productivity and job growth as well.

scholarly journals HORIZONS OF RESEARCH IN GEOGRAPHY OF THE WORLD ECONOMY

HERALD ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (20) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Alexandrovich Kolosov ◽  
Elena Alexandrovna Grechko ◽  
Xenia Vladimirovna Mironenko ◽  
Elena Nikolayevna Samburova ◽  
Nikolay Alexandrovich Sluka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Division Of Labor ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Modern World ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

The advent of "world economic transition" and the formation of a multipolar world is closely linked, according to experts, with loss of globalization advances, which strengthens regionalism, increases diversification and fragmentation of the modern world, creating risks and threats to the world development. In this light studying the spatial organization of the global economy becomes more important, and at the same time that complicates the choice of priorities in the research activities of the Department of geography of the world economy, Faculty of Geography, Moscow State Lomonosov University in 2016-20, requiring a new research “ideology”. The article summarizes some ideas expressed by the department staff. It specifies that concept of territorial division of labor, as well as the defined set of key actors in the world economy and common assumptions regarding their contributions to its development needs a significant revision. The above firstly concerns giant developing countries, in particular rapidly growing China – a kind of locomotive entraining other developing states. Further, the impact of multinationals on the overall architecture and the territorial organization of the global economy becomes more and more tangible. This phenomenon requires the creation of a new scientific area of concern – the corporate geography as a tool to thoroughly investigate the transnational division of labor. Changes in the balance of acting forces are closely related to changes in industry composition and spatial organization of the global economy. The article raises the issues of development of such processes as tertiarization of the economy, reindustrialization and neoindustrialization, the latter being understood as an evolutionary transition to a knowledge-intensive, high-tech, mass labor-replacing and environmentally efficient industrial production. Basing on preliminary research from the standpoint of a relatively new methodological approach – formation of value chains – the vector of "geographical transition" " in their creation from developed to developing countries was designated. This means increasing complexity of the territorial structure of the world economy and an increase in the importance of semi-periphery. A spatial projection of globalization processes in the form of emerging “archipelago of cities”, which consolidates the international network of TNCs as the supporting node frame of the global economy requires close attention and analysis. The need of comprehending the study scope in the field of geography of the world economy in medium Atlas Information Systems (AIS), which in terms of functionality belong to the upper class of electronic atlases, is noted.

UNEMPLOYMENT AS A SIGN OF INSTABILITY IN SOCIETY

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
Р. Х. Азиева ◽  
Х. Э. Таймасханов
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Modern World ◽  
High Unemployment ◽  
Global Problem ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Impact

В современном мировом пространстве политика государств сопряжена с решением такой глобальной проблемы, как безработица. За последние три десятилетия безработица стала одной из наиболее значимых проблем не только в развивающихся, но и в развитых странах, так как безработица приводит к массовой нищете и угрожает социальной и политической стабильности. В статье представлены масштабы изменений в сфере занятости в условиях неопределенности и дана оценка влияния происходящих процессов на изменения структуры занятости. А также авторами представлены рекомендации по стабилизации рынка труда для недопущения высокого уровня безработицы и падения уровня жизни населения. In the modern world space, the policy of states is associated with the solution of such a global problem as unemployment. Over the past three decades, unemployment has become one of the most significant problems, not only in developing countries, but also in developed countries, as unemployment leads to mass poverty and threatens social and political stability. The article presents the scale of changes in the field of employment in conditions of uncertainty and assesses the impact of the processes on changes in the structure of employment. The authors also present recommendations for stabilizing the labor market to prevent high unemployment and falling living standards of the population.

Management of acute ischemic stroke

BMJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. l6983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael S Phipps ◽  
Carolyn A Cronin
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Recurrent Stroke ◽  
Time Windows ◽  
Intravenous Thrombolysis ◽  
Stroke Care ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT Stroke is the leading cause of long term disability in developed countries and one of the top causes of mortality worldwide. The past decade has seen substantial advances in the diagnostic and treatment options available to minimize the impact of acute ischemic stroke. The key first step in stroke care is early identification of patients with stroke and triage to centers capable of delivering the appropriate treatment, as fast as possible. Here, we review the data supporting pre-hospital and emergency stroke care, including use of emergency medical services protocols for identification of patients with stroke, intravenous thrombolysis in acute ischemic stroke including updates to recommended patient eligibility criteria and treatment time windows, and advanced imaging techniques with automated interpretation to identify patients with large areas of brain at risk but without large completed infarcts who are likely to benefit from endovascular thrombectomy in extended time windows from symptom onset. We also review protocols for management of patient physiologic parameters to minimize infarct volumes and recent updates in secondary prevention recommendations including short term use of dual antiplatelet therapy to prevent recurrent stroke in the high risk period immediately after stroke. Finally, we discuss emerging therapies and questions for future research.

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