scholarly journals Threats and prospects for the development of operators in the market of light petroleum products of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-203
Author(s):  
Natalia Kosar ◽  
◽  
Ya. Yarychevska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Light Petroleum ◽  
Oil Refinery ◽  
Energy Market ◽  
Fuel Quality ◽  
Station Network ◽  
Gas Stations ◽  
Gas Station

The study of the market of light petroleum products of Ukraine made it possible to establish that the market is highly competitive and is growing at an average pace. The main operators on it are FPG "Privat" (gas station networks "Avias", "ANP", "Sentosa Oil", etc.), PJSC "Ukrnafta" (gas station network "UKRNAFTA"), PEG "Continental" (gas station network "WOG"), JSC "Concern "Galnaftogaz" (gas station network "OKKO"). These companies, as well as international gas stations networks, occupy the best competitive positions in the market. In the nearest future, the entry of new companies into the market is not forecasted. Oil refinery companies in Ukraine import oil and products of its processing, and their own oil and gas fields are not developed. Foreign companies that develop their own fields (for example, Russian corporations) have a significant competitive advantage. Also, competitive advantages for operators in the light petroleum products market are the geographical distribution of filling stations, the presence of a strong brand, additional service for consumers, and a significant number of loyal consumers. It was found that such factors as the presence of bureaucratic aspects in decision-making in cooperation with the state, unfair competition in the market from illegal gas stations, a gradual increase in the number of electric vehicles, global fluctuations in oil prices, legislative restrictions, inflation, potential devaluation of the hryvnia, as well as the low purchasing power of consumers have a threatening impact on the market. Among the weaknesses of the industry was the exhaustiveness of the planet's oil resources, and among the opportunities - the development of its own fields or the gradual diversification of production towards adjacent markets (for example, the renewable energy market). Based on the analysis of the light petroleum products industry, it was established that horizontal and vertical diversification strategies are promising for JSC "Concern Galnaftogaz". According to them, the main marketing solutions of this enterprise can be aimed at creating new types of products (in particular, related to renewable energy), building solar power plants and wind farms on the company's own land plots, and full access to the renewable energy market. The advantage of these strategies is the minimization of risk since the market is partially known (JSC "Concern Galnaftogaz" owns a façade solar power plant on the building of the head office and "green" filling stations (filling stations with solar panels on roofs) in areas with a high level of solar insolation. The implementation of the diversification strategy also consists in expanding the range of products offered by JSC "Concern Galnaftogaz", for example, by providing such a new service as testing fuel samples in mobile laboratories for individuals who would be able to carry out their own fuel quality check offered by various filling stations.

scholarly journals Determination of The Permissible Distances in Vicinity of The Gas Station According to The Concentration of Benzene

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Chehrehei ◽  
Seyed Alireza Hajiseyed Mirzahosseini ◽  
Nabiollah Mansouri ◽  
Mohammad Hassan Behzadi ◽  
Yousef Rashidi
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Regression Equation ◽  
Emission Source ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Linear Regression Equation ◽  
Gas Stations ◽  
Gas Station

Abstract Benzene is considered a toxic and hazardous pollutant in Tehran metropolis. The storage tanks of petroleum products and refueling in gas stations are among the main sources of benzene emissions. Using the software AERMOD and reviewing the benzene dispersion maps at different distances from 412 storage tanks at 148 gas stations, it was found the permissible distance of the emission source is dependent on various variables such as the number of loading times and the storage capacity. When, storage capacity in the range of 60,000 L to 96,000 L and the number of loading is in the range of 676 to 1,328 times a year, the concentration of benzene at a distance of 30 m of the emission source reaches the annual standard of 5 μg/m3. While, storage capacity in the range of 80,000 L to 128,000 L and the number of loading is in the range of 1,329 to 1,834 times a year, the concentration of benzene at a distance of 40 m of the emission source reaches the annual standard of 5 μg/m3. Also, based on the analysis of data and the linear regression equation, the permissible distance of the emission source can be predicted.

Floating solar photovoltaic plants in India – A rapid transition to a green energy market and sustainable future

2021 ◽  
pp. 0958305X2110571
Author(s):  
J. Charles Rajesh Kumar ◽  
MA Majid
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Energy Market ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Sustainable Future ◽  
Photovoltaic Plants

The 18,000 square kilometers of water reservoirs in India can generate 280 GW of solar power through floating solar photovoltaic plants. The cumulative installed capacity of FSPV is 0.0027 GW, and the country plans to add 10 GW of FSPV to the 227 GW renewable energy target of 2022. The FSPV addition is small related to the entire market for solar energy, but each contribution is appreciated in the renewable energy market. FSPV could be a viable alternative for speeding up solar power deployment in the country and meeting its NDC targets. So far, the country has achieved the world's lowest investment cost for a floating solar installation. Despite the lower costs, generalizations are still premature because FSPV is still in its initial stages of market entry. Continuous innovation and timely adoption of innovative ideas and technology will support India in meeting its solar energy goals and progressing toward a more sustainable future. Governments must establish clear and enforceable policies to assist developers in reducing risks and increasing investor confidence in the sector. Economic and financial feasibility are examined, and various difficulties in technology, design, finances, environment, maintenance, and occupational health that impact the FSPV deployment are discussed. Based on the research, effective and comprehensive FSPV policy suggestions are included to support establishing an appropriate market, fostering competition and innovation, and attracting large-scale investment. This paper aims to stimulate interest among various policy developers, energy suppliers, industrial designers, ergonomists, project developers, manufacturers, health and safety professionals, executing agencies, training entities, and investment institutions of the FSPV plant to implement effective governance planning and help them to participate in their ways to assure sustainable growth.

scholarly journals Trends in the Development of the Solar Energy Generation Market of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (519) ◽  
pp. 114-119
Author(s):  
V. S. Yakovenko ◽  
◽  
V. V. Harkusha ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Energy Generation ◽  
The State ◽  
Energy Market ◽  
Solar Power Plants ◽  
Generating Equipment ◽  
Installed Capacity

The research is aimed at analyzing and finding the reasons for the specific development of the solar energy market of Ukraine, defining the interaction on the part of the State and its role, furthermore the role of monopolists-generators and small generating equipment in private households. As result of the research, the following issues are considered: specifics of the formation of a share of the segment of solar power plants among renewable energy sources; the largest companies – solar energy generators in Ukraine; dynamics of changes in the «green» tariff and installed capacity of solar power plants over the past decade; development of the direction of small solar power plants installed by households and the largest generating regions of Ukraine by both the number and the installed capacity of the households’ SPP. Analyzing modern analytical reports on renewable energy generation, it is appropriate to note that a system of indicators, which is being created currently to reflect the real state of development of renewable energy, indicates a certain prospect of scientific research in this direction. Modern problems of development of the generating renewable energy market are defined, among which the following are defined: changes in legislation on the «green» tariff, which leads to changes in the investment climate and attractiveness of generation projects, the conflicting mechanisms of tariff auctions; potential threat of shortage of both storage and transport capacities (due to disproportionate development of generation volumes and its infrastructure support) etc. Based on the analysis of existing development trends, conclusions have been drawn about the future state and development of the solar energy generation market. The need to form a balanced national strategy for the development of renewable energy, taking into account the current conditions for reducing the «green» tariff and the cost of generating equipment, as well as taking into account the national interests of the State, the interests of monopolists and households, has been established.

GAS STATIONS AND COMPLEXES IN THE ZAKARPATTYA REGION

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larysa Palvish ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Loyalty Programs ◽  
High Price ◽  
Average Price ◽  
Excise Tax ◽  
Gas Stations ◽  
Gas Station ◽  
Effective Development ◽  
Tax Payers

In the article features and composition of market formation were considered. It was pointed out that according to the register of excise tax payers for the sale of fuel of the State Tax Service of Ukraine at the beginning of September 2020, 4,302 taxpayers were registered in Ukraine. The concept of "gas station" and "gas station complex" is revealed. The main condition for effective development of the oil products market is emphasized. It is the creation of favorable conditions for effective activities of its participants, including among the final sellers of petroleum products, the main of which are chains of gas stations or complexes, which substantiates the feasibility of studying the market of gas stations and complexes of the Zakarpattya region. Studies have shown that in the Zakarpattya region most gas stations and filling stations are represented by Ukranaft, ANP, Avias, Plus, OKKO, WOG, SunOil, Market, Shell, BRSM, UPG, Chipo, BVS, Motto, Amic. Their characteristics are given and the peculiarities of the market activity are studied, the number of petrol stations in the region is determined, their share in the total number is calculated. It is established that the largest share of the market is occupied by Ukranaft, ANP and Avias Plus networks. A two-week study of the price of A-95 gasoline and diesel fuel at individual sites revealed their average price in September, calculated the average price in the region and divided market operators into three price segments: high, medium and low price segment. It is noted that the middle and low segments differ less in principle (in the range of UAH 1-1.5), so they can be combined. And in the chains of the high price segment - for ≈3.8 UAH. above average and by UAH 5.89. more expensive than 1 liter of the cheapest gasoline, by UAH 5.49 of diesel fuel. The need for further market research with a comparison of operating loyalty programs in enterprises and their impact on the cost of fuel sold is pointed out.

Equipment dentifying Vapor Leakages and Recovery of Petroleum Product Vapor When Stored

2020 ◽  
Vol 05 ◽  
pp. 60-64
Author(s):  
Y.N. Rybakov ◽  
◽  
V.E. Danilov ◽  
I.V. Danilov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Petroleum Product ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Oil Products ◽  
Carnot Cycle ◽  
Oil Supply ◽  
Gas Stations ◽  
Environmental Situation ◽  
Vapor Absorption

The problem of losses of oil products from leaks during their storage and transportation at oil supply facilities is considered. The influence of oil product leaks on the environmental situation around oil depots and gas stations is shown. A detailed overview of existing methods and tools for detecting leaks of petroleum products from storage facilities is presented. The evaluation of their effectiveness. Two methods for detecting oil leaks and devices based on them are proposed. The first device monitors the movement of liquid in the tank, the second-detects petroleum products in wastewater. The problem of recovery of petroleum vapors and environmental pollution from the release of vapors of light fractions into the atmosphere is also considered. An overview of existing methods and means of recovery of petroleum vapors is presented. Two methods and devices for capturing oil vapors and returning them to the reservoir are proposed, based on different principles: vapor absorption in the cooled oil product and vapor recovery on the principle of the Carnot cycle. It is shown that these devices can provide effective detection of oil leaks and recovery of their vapors, as well as improve the effectiveness of environmental protection at modern gas stations and tank farms.

scholarly journals Investigating Preconditions for Sustainable Renewable Energy Product–Service Systems in Retail Electricity Markets

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1877
Author(s):  
Widha Kusumaningdyah ◽  
Tetsuo Tezuka ◽  
Benjamin C. McLellan
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Electricity Markets ◽  
Service Systems ◽  
Energy Market ◽  
Energy Product ◽  
Simulation Based Design ◽  
Product Service ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Sustainable Renewable Energy ◽  
Product Service Systems

Energy transitions are complex and involve interrelated changes in the socio-technical dimensions of society. One major barrier to renewable energy transitions is lock-in from the incumbent socio-technical regime. This study evaluates Energy Product–Service Systems (EPSS) as a renewable energy market mechanism. EPSS offer electricity service performance instead of energy products and appliances for household consumers. Through consumers buying the service, the provider company is enabled to choose, manage and control electrical appliances for best-matched service delivery. Given the heterogenous market players and future uncertainties, this study aims to identify the necessary conditions to achieve a sustainable renewable energy market. Simulation-Based Design for EPSS framework is implemented to assess various hypothetical market conditions’ impact on market efficiency in the short term and long term. The results reveal the specific market characteristics that have a higher chance of causing unexpected results. Ultimately, this paper demonstrates the advantage of implementing Simulation-Based Design for EPSS to design retail electricity markets for renewable energy under competing market mechanisms with heterogenous economic agents.

scholarly journals Renewable Energy Deployment and COVID-19 Measures for Sustainable Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4418
Author(s):  
Miraj Ahmed Bhuiyan ◽  
Jaehyung An ◽  
Alexey Mikhaylov ◽  
Nikita Moiseev ◽  
Mir Sayed Shah Danish
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Energy Markets ◽  
Energy Market ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Long Short Term Memory ◽  
Restrictive Measures ◽  
The Impact

The main goal of this study is to evaluate the impact of restrictive measures introduced in connection with COVID-19 on consumption in renewable energy markets. The study will be based on the hypothesis that similar changes in human behavior can be expected in the future with the further spread of COVID-19 and/or the introduction of additional quarantine measures around the world. The analysis also yielded additional results. The strongest reductions in energy generation occurred in countries with a high percentage (more than 80%) of urban population (Brazil, USA, the United Kingdom and Germany). This study uses two models created with the Keras Long Short-Term Memory (Keras LSTM) Model, and 76 and 10 parameters are involved. This article suggests that various restrictive strategies reduced the sustainable demand for renewable energy and led to a drop in economic growth, slowing the growth of COVID-19 infections in 2020. It is unknown to what extent the observed slowdown in the spread from March 2020 to September 2020 due to the policy’s impact and not the interaction between the virus and the external environment. All renewable energy producers decreased the volume of renewable energy market supply in 2020 (except China).

Urban Impacts of Mobile Fuel Delivery Service

2020 ◽  
pp. 036119812097541
Author(s):  
Andrea Broaddus
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Gas Stations ◽  
Bay Area ◽  
Urban Impacts ◽  
Fuel Delivery ◽  
Declining Demand ◽  
Multiple Vehicles ◽  
Gas Station

Mobile fuel delivery (MFD) uses a fueling truck to fill up personal and commercial fleet vehicles while they are parked overnight. This study used a sample data set provided by a San Francisco Bay Area company to explore the potential impacts on vehicle miles traveled (VMT), carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, and traffic congestion. An analysis of vehicle travel associated with gas station trips was conducted to establish a basis for comparison. Future scenarios comparing the potential impacts of scaled-up MFD services in 2030 were also developed. The study concluded that MFD services compared favorably to gas stations in relation to environmental and traffic benefits in the longer term, even though personal fueling trips tended to generate low VMT. Benefits stemmed from efficiencies achieved by fueling multiple vehicles per delivery trip, replacing car share vehicle fueling trips, and removing trips from the network during peak hours. This analysis estimated that total annual CO2 emissions associated with fuel delivery operations in the Bay Area were 76 metric tons, which is less than a typical gas station with 97 metric tons. Under assumptions of declining demand for gasoline and significantly fewer gas stations, and with highly efficient optimized operations, mobile delivery could gain up to 5% market share for gas and not add additional VMT over the business as usual scenario.

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