scholarly journals Testing a river basin model with sensitivity analysis and autocalibration for an agricultural catchment in SW Finland

2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 428-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. TATTARI ◽  
J. KOSKIAHO ◽  
I. BÄRLUND
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Protective Measure ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Nutrient Loads ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Modeling Tools ◽  
Management Actions

Modeling tools are needed to assess (i) the amounts of loading from agricultural sources to water bodies as well as (ii) the alternative management options in varying climatic conditions. These days, the implementation of Water Framework Directive (WFD) has put totally new requirements also for modeling approaches. The physically based models are commonly not operational and thus the usability of these models is restricted for a few selected catchments. But the rewarding feature of these process-based models is an option to study the effect of protection measures on a catchment scale and, up to a certain point, a possibility to upscale the results. In this study, the parameterization of the SWAT model was developed in terms of discharge dynamics and nutrient loads, and a sensitivity analysis regarding discharge and sediment concentration was made. The SWAT modeling exercise was carried out for a 2nd order catchment (Yläneenjoki, 233 km2) of the Eurajoki river basin in southwestern Finland. The Yläneenjoki catchment has been intensively monitored during the last 14 years. Hence, there was enough background information available for both parameter setup and calibration. In addition to load estimates, SWAT also offers possibility to assess the effects of various agricultural management actions like fertilization, tillage practices, choice of cultivated plants, buffer strips, sedimentation ponds and constructed wetlands (CWs) on loading. Moreover, information on local agricultural practices and the implemented and planned protective measures were readily available thanks to aware farmers and active authorities. Here, we studied how CWs can reduce the nutrient load at the outlet of the Yläneenjoki river basin. The results suggested that sensitivity analysis and autocalibration tools incorporated in the model are useful by pointing out the most influential parameters, and that flow dynamics and annual loading values can be modeled with reasonable accuracy with SWAT. Sensitivity analysis thus showed the parameters which should be known better in order to result in more realistic parameter values. Moreover, the scenario runs for CWs made with SWAT revealed the high demand of land area for this protective measure to be substantially effective.;

scholarly journals Applicability of the swat model for hydrologic simulation in Paraopeba River basin, MG

CERNE ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 481-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matheus Fonseca Durães ◽  
Carlos Rogério de Mello ◽  
Mauro Naghettini
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Peak Discharge ◽  
Partial Report ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Hydrologic Simulation ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Land Use Scenario

The SWAT model (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) was applied for simulating the hydrologic pattern of Paraopeba river basin, in Minas Gerais state, under different land use and occupation scenarios, looking to support basin management actions. The model parameters were calibrated and validated, with respect to the data observed from 1983 to 2005. The basin was assessed at the 'Porto do Mesquita' gauging station and change in land use and occupation was based on the annual growth scenarios proposed in the partial report of Paraopeba basin's master plan. The model was found to be highly sensitive to baseflow, its main calibration variable. Statistical analyses produced a Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient above 0.75, which is considered good and acceptable. The SWAT model provided satisfactory results in simulating hydrologic pattern under different scenarios of land use change, demonstrating that it can be applied for forecasting discharge in the aforesaid basin. The current land use scenario provided a peak discharge simulation of 1250 m³ s-1, while in years 2019 and 2029 peak discharge simulations were 1190 m³ s-1 and 1230 m³ s-1 respectively. The 2019 scenario provided the best results with respect to baseflow increase and peak discharge reduction.

scholarly journals Sensitivity analysis of the Soil and Water Assessment Tools (SWAT) model in streamflow modeling in a rural river basin

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luana Lavagnoli Moreira ◽  
Dimaghi Schwamback ◽  
Daniel Rigo
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Hydrological Models ◽  
Flow Discharge ◽  
Input Parameters ◽  
Water Assessment ◽  
Streamflow Modeling ◽  
Soil And Water

The uncertainties present in hydrological models have made them difficult and often impossible to apply. This work evaluated the sensitivity of input parameters in the SWAT model used for the modeling of average monthly flow-discharge in the Jucu River Basin, located in the southeast portion of the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. Sensitivity analysis was performed using the SWAT-CUP program, which uses the SUFI-2 algorithm. Four sensitivity analysis tests differing by the length of hydrological series, number of iteration and fluviometric station locations resulted in different sensitivity levels of input parameters used in the model. In this way, the present study emphasizes the need for a greater detailing of methodological processes used in the sensitivity analysis, so that different hierarchies of parameters can be obtained through the same tool.

scholarly journals A Regional Sensitivity Analysis of a Multi-Variable Hydrological Model: A Case Study of a Greek Catchment

Proceedings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Panagiota Venetsanou ◽  
Christina Anagnostopoulou ◽  
Athanasios Loukas ◽  
Konstantinos Voudouris
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Hydrological Model ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Hydrological Process ◽  
Climate Data

The importance of climate data in hydrological process simulation is widely recognized. Evaluation of the hydrological budget response to climate variability is required, especially in water resource management. The present paper illustrates a case study of a sensitivity analysis for the hydrological model SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) using climate data from the Havrias river basin in northern Greece. The ERA-Interim reanalysis daily climate data were used as input data to drive the SWAT model. The SWAT model was calibrated for the period from 1981 to 2000. The sensitivity of the hydrological parameters to the alteration of the climate data was analyzed by using eleven hypothetical scenarios. These scenarios regard different combinations of temperature, wind speed, precipitation, and relative humidity. The results show that the changes of precipitation temperature and relative humidity have a significant influence in evapotranspiration and percolation (and consequently recharge) in the study region. On the contrary, the wind speed negligibly affects the hydrological components. Overall, the Havrias river basin hydrological budget is sensitive to shifts in climate data and the utilization of reliable and accurate climate models outputs is necessary in order for water managers to be able to build scenarios providing sustainability against potential future climate change impacts.

scholarly journals Modeling Pesticide and Sediment Transport in the Malewa River Basin (Kenya) Using SWAT

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasser Abbasi ◽  
Chris M. Mannaerts ◽  
William Makau
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Suspended Sediment ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Level Gauge ◽  
Suspended Sediment Transport ◽  
Lake Naivasha ◽  
Calibration And Validation ◽  
Pesticide Transport

Understanding the dynamics of pesticide transport in the Malewa River and Lake Naivasha, a major fresh water resource, is critical to safeguard water quality in the basin. In this study, the soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) model was used to simulate the discharge of sediment and pesticides (notably the organochlorine residues of lindane, methoxychlor and endosulfan) into the Malewa River Basin. Model sensitivity analysis, calibration and validation were performed for both daily and monthly time steps using the sequential uncertainty fitting version 2 (SUFI-2) algorithm of the SWAT-CUP tool. Water level gauge data as well as a digital turbidity sensor (DTS-12) for suspended sediment transport were used for the SWAT calibration. Pesticide residues were measured at Upper and Down Malewa locations using a passive sampling technique and their quantity was determined using laboratory gas chromatography. The sensitivity analysis results showed that curve number (CN2), universal soil loss equation erodibility factor (USLE-K) and pesticide application efficiency (AP_EF) formed the most sensitive parameters for discharge, sediment and pesticide simulations, respectively. In addition, SWAT model calibration and validation showed better results for monthly discharge simulations than for daily discharge simulations. Similarly, the results obtained for the monthly sediment calibration demonstrated more match between measured and simulated data as compared to the simulation at daily steps. Comparison between the simulated and measured pesticide concentrations at upper Malewa and down Malewa locations demonstrated that although the model mostly overestimated pesticide loadings, there was a positive association between the pesticide measurements and the simulations. Higher concentrations of pesticides were found between May and mid-July. The similarity between measured and simulated pesticides shows the potential of the SWAT model as initial evaluation modelling tool for upstream to downstream suspended sediment and pesticide transport in catchments.

scholarly journals Application of SWAT in Hydrological Simulation of Complex Mountainous River Basin (Part II: Climate Change Impact Assessment)

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1548
Author(s):  
Suresh Marahatta ◽  
Deepak Aryal ◽  
Laxmi Prasad Devkota ◽  
Utsav Bhattarai ◽  
Dibesh Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Global Climate Models ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mountainous River

This study aims at analysing the impact of climate change (CC) on the river hydrology of a complex mountainous river basin—the Budhigandaki River Basin (BRB)—using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) hydrological model that was calibrated and validated in Part I of this research. A relatively new approach of selecting global climate models (GCMs) for each of the two selected RCPs, 4.5 (stabilization scenario) and 8.5 (high emission scenario), representing four extreme cases (warm-wet, cold-wet, warm-dry, and cold-dry conditions), was applied. Future climate data was bias corrected using a quantile mapping method. The bias-corrected GCM data were forced into the SWAT model one at a time to simulate the future flows of BRB for three 30-year time windows: Immediate Future (2021–2050), Mid Future (2046–2075), and Far Future (2070–2099). The projected flows were compared with the corresponding monthly, seasonal, annual, and fractional differences of extreme flows of the simulated baseline period (1983–2012). The results showed that future long-term average annual flows are expected to increase in all climatic conditions for both RCPs compared to the baseline. The range of predicted changes in future monthly, seasonal, and annual flows shows high uncertainty. The comparative frequency analysis of the annual one-day-maximum and -minimum flows shows increased high flows and decreased low flows in the future. These results imply the necessity for design modifications in hydraulic structures as well as the preference of storage over run-of-river water resources development projects in the study basin from the perspective of climate resilience.

Impact of climate change on streamflow and water quality in the upper Dong Nai river basin, Vietnam

2018 ◽  
pp. 70-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Le Viet Thang ◽  
Dao Nguyen Khoi ◽  
Ho Long Phi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Sediment Load ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Nutrient Load ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
The Impact

In this study, we investigated the impact of climate change on streamflow and water quality (TSS, T-N, and T-P loads) in the upper Dong Nai River Basin using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) hydrological model. The calibration and validation results indicated that the SWAT model is a reasonable tool for simulating streamflow and water quality for this basin. Based on the well-calibrated SWAT model, the responses of streamflow, sediment load, and nutrient load to climate change were simulated. Climate change scenarios (RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5) were developed from five GCM simulations (CanESM2, CNRM-CM5, HadGEM2-AO, IPSL-CM5A-LR, and MPI-ESM-MR) using the delta change method. The results indicated that climate in the study area would become warmer and wetter in the future. Climate change leads to increases in streamflow, sediment load, T-N load, and T-P load. Besides that, the impacts of climate change would exacerbate serious problems related to water shortage in the dry season and soil erosion and degradation in the wet season. In addition, it is indicated that changes in sediment yield and nutrient load due to climate change are larger than the corresponding changes in streamflow.

scholarly journals Long-term nutrient reductions lead to the unprecedented recovery of a temperate coastal region

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (14) ◽  
pp. 3658-3662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan S. Lefcheck ◽  
Robert J. Orth ◽  
William C. Dennison ◽  
David J. Wilcox ◽  
Rebecca R. Murphy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chesapeake Bay ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Aquatic Vegetation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
Watershed Modeling ◽  
Unexpected Finding ◽  
Nutrient Loads ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Successful Recovery

Humans strongly impact the dynamics of coastal systems, yet surprisingly few studies mechanistically link management of anthropogenic stressors and successful restoration of nearshore habitats over large spatial and temporal scales. Such examples are sorely needed to ensure the success of ecosystem restoration efforts worldwide. Here, we unite 30 consecutive years of watershed modeling, biogeochemical data, and comprehensive aerial surveys of Chesapeake Bay, United States to quantify the cascading effects of anthropogenic impacts on submersed aquatic vegetation (SAV), an ecologically and economically valuable habitat. We employ structural equation models to link land use change to higher nutrient loads, which in turn reduce SAV cover through multiple, independent pathways. We also show through our models that high biodiversity of SAV consistently promotes cover, an unexpected finding that corroborates emerging evidence from other terrestrial and marine systems. Due to sustained management actions that have reduced nitrogen concentrations in Chesapeake Bay by 23% since 1984, SAV has regained 17,000 ha to achieve its highest cover in almost half a century. Our study empirically demonstrates that nutrient reductions and biodiversity conservation are effective strategies to aid the successful recovery of degraded systems at regional scales, a finding which is highly relevant to the utility of environmental management programs worldwide.

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