scholarly journals Comparison between Regenerator Model and the Instantaneous Direct Solar Radiation for Port Harcourt

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 76-79
Author(s):  
Rex Kemkom Chima Amadi ◽  
F. J. K. Ideriah ◽  
B. Nkoi
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Power Input ◽  
Global Solar Radiation ◽  
Visible Radiation ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Photovoltaic Panel ◽  
Regenerator Material ◽  
Graph Presentation ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
High Level

This paper compares the result generated by the Regenerator technique and the Ideriah’s method for instantaneous solar radiation. It considered the generation of the actual power input from the regenerator. The actual power input to the photovoltaic panel was calculated from a power model derived from the regenerator’s standard power that is nominally provided, regenerator material and reflectivity of the material. The amount of visible radiation absorbable by photovoltaic plates was further derived in the model and a value of 0.386Pi was obtained. The Ideriah’s model was used to calculate global solar radiation from extraterrestrial solar radiation. It utilized the concept of transmittance to arrive at the amount of insolation received locally (i.e. at the point of interest). It also calculated the amount of insolation at optical thicknesses (Air mass values) representing top of the hour from 5.0am to 7.0pm. Comparison & result showed that the regenerator model gave 84% to 97% correctness or an approximated average correctness of 94% when compared to the Ideriah’s model. Chi-square was used to test the relationship between the results. Chi-square results showed a high level of significance in the similarity of the results obtained. Python software was used to simulate the results and graph presentation.

scholarly journals HANDLING DISTRUST ON RISK COMMUNICATION IN NIGERIA: A STRATEGY TO STRENGTHENING THE COVID-19 OUTBREAK RESPONSE

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi ◽  
Priscilla Onaopemipo Akosile ◽  
Aanuoluwapo Adeyimika Afolabi ◽  
Victor Okoliko Ukwenya
Keyword(s):  
Risk Communication ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Outbreak Response ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
High Level

Abstract Background This study aimed to assess the level of trust in the COVID-19 risk communication efforts in Nigeria. Methods We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study among community members aged 15 years and above in Ondo state in October, 2020. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22. Descriptive statistics were summarized using frequencies. Trust was ranked from “1” implying “Low level of trust” to “7” denoting “High level of trust”. We conducted bivariate Chi-square test on respondents’ level of trust in the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) and socio-demographic characteristics. The level of significance was set at p<0.05. Results Among the 691 respondents, 244 (35.3%) were aged 21 to 29 years, and 304 (51.4%) used the NCDC to obtain COVID-19 knowledge. Overall, 205 (41.8%) had high level of trust in the NCDC. Furthermore, 51 (51.5%) individuals aged 30-39 years had high level of trust in the NCDC (ᵡ2=17.455, p= 0.001). Also, 114 (48.5%) persons who lived with children below 18 years had high level of trust in the NCDC (ᵡ2= 8.266, p= 0.004). Conclusion Policy makers should prioritize the involvement of young and educated persons in COVID-19 risk communication strategies.

scholarly journals Study of Affecting Factors of Meteorological Parameters on Solar Radiation in Kathmandu Valley

The Batuk ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-80
Author(s):  
Prakash M. Shrestha ◽  
Khem N. Poudyal ◽  
Narayan P. Chapagain ◽  
Indra B. Karki
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Meteorological Parameters ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Global Solar Radiation ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Affecting Factors ◽  
Air Mass ◽  
High Level ◽  
Relative Sunshine

Solar radiation data are great significance for solar energy systems. This study aimed to estimate monthly and seasonal average daily global solar radiation on a horizontal surface in Kathmandu (27.7oN, 85.5oE, 1350 masl), Nepal, by using CMP6 pyranometer in 2012. The influence of the global solar irradiation from different physical as well as meteorological parameters was analyzed. Besides this, the research highlighted that there is high level of fluctuation of the measured value of global solar irradiance due to local weather conditions. As a result of this measurement, the maximum, minimum monthly and yearly mean solar radiation values were (21.32 ± 4.14) MJ/m2/day in May,(10.93 ± 2.03) MJ/m2/day in January and (16.68 ± 4.60)MJ/m2/day found respectively. Annual average of clearness index, maximum temperature, minimum temperature, relative sunshine hour, air mass are 0.51 ± 0.12, (26.23 ± 4.96)oC, (12.38 ± 6.83)oC, 0.57 ± 0.165 and 1.54 ± 0.42 respectively. There is positive correlation of maximum temperature and negative correlation of air mass with global solar radiation.

scholarly journals Prevalence of pain related to schoolbag carriage in adolescents

2000 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
F. Wadee ◽  
C. Barker ◽  
M. J. Lea ◽  
M. Eisenberg
Keyword(s):  
Study Design ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Type Curves ◽  
Lower Back ◽  
Perceived Weight ◽  
Prevalence Of Pain ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
High Level

Study design: A descriptive qualitative and quantitative cross sectional study design was chosen.Objective: To investigate the prevalence of lower back, neck, and shoulder pain in 13 to 15 year old scholars in Pretoria, South Africa, and how it related to methods of school bag carriage and perceived weight of school bags.Summary of background data: Unilateral loading has been linked to scoliotic type curves in the adolescent spine. More recent studies have also found that the weight of school bags may be related to the experience of pain, but very little research has been done on the prevalence of this pain.Methods and materials: A stratified random sample of nine schools was drawn from a total of 98 schools in the Pretoria District of the Gauteng Department of Education. The sample of 250 Grade 8 and 9 scholars was randomly selected. A questionnaire of open and closed ended questions was administered with five main sections, namely: demographics, method of carrying school bag, perceived school bag weight, areas of experienced pain, and awareness of adverse postural effects of carrying a school bag.Results: Thirty two percent of the sample reported pain either in the lower back, neck and/or shoulders. Principle Component Analysis and Chi-square tests showed no relationship between how the school bag was carried (over one/two shoulders; in one hand; swopping sides) and scholars’ reports of pain. A high level of significance (0.001 <p<0.042) was found when perceived bag weight was compared to the scholars’ reports of pain.Conclusion: Scholars in the Pretoria area present with a 32% prevalence of pain in the lower back, neck and/or shoulders. This is strongly correlated with the perceived weight of their school bags, regardless of how the school bag is carried.

scholarly journals Study of Global Solar Radiation Potential and Ground Level Albedo at Benevento Italy

1970 ◽  
Vol 8 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 284-290
Author(s):  
Khem N. Poudyal ◽  
Pasquale Daponte ◽  
Serjio Rapone ◽  
Binod Bhattari ◽  
BalKrishna Sapkota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Solar Irradiance ◽  
Weather Condition ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Global Solar Radiation ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
North East ◽  
High Level ◽  
Local Weather

Global solar irradiance iwas measured by a calibrated pyranometer (model LP PYRA 05 Delta Ohm ISO 9060) at about 1 meter off the roof top of building of the University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy (latitude 41°08' N longitude 14°45' E and 150.0 m ), from April to June 2010. This site is about 50.0 km north east of the Naples costal area so there are fluctuations in the local weather condition. Still, there was a significant amount of intensity in global solar irradiation found. The maximum solar radiation of about 659.47 W/m2 was found at 11:00 AM with clear sky conditions on May 2010 at Benevento, Italy. The maximum and minimum value of ground level albedo, 0.74 and 0.32, was found at 6:00 AM and 11:00 AM respectively. This indicates that the daily measured data of horizontal global solar radiation decreases with an increase in ground level albedo. Besides this, we concluded that there was a high level of fluctuation in the measured value of solar irradiance due to local weather conditions. The results of the research can be utilized for the conformation of variation of solar radiation due to wind speed, humidity and environmental pollution. This study will help to estimate the global solar irradiance potential available to solar energy systems at Benevento, where the average global soar irradiance is estimated to be about 5.0 kWh/m2.Key words: Global irradiance; Reflected irradiance; Albedo; Atmospheric pollution; PotentialDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jie.v8i1-2.5124Journal of the Institute of Engineering Vol. 8, No. 1&2, 2010/2011Page: 284-290Uploaded Date: 20 July, 2011

Analysis for dependence between sequential responses evoked in visual cortex

1965 ◽  
Vol 208 (5) ◽  
pp. 861-866 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. F. Vastola
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Transition Matrices ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
First Order ◽  
Probability Matrices ◽  
Repetitive Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
High Level ◽  
Stimulation Of

The chi-square method has revealed dependence at a high level of significance between the amplitudes of successive responses elicited in secondary visual cortex by repetitive electrical stimulation of the visual radiation fibers. Dependence has been demonstrated to exist between responses as far apart as 6 sec. In many sequences dependence at a high level of significance was found between responses at the longer intervals of separation when absent 1 sec earlier. In three cases the sequences behaved like stationary, first-order Markov chains, insofar as all observed transition matrices for intervals of 2–5 sec could be generated by probability matrices estimated from the observed transition matrices for immediately consecutive responses. In four cases there was agreement between observed and predicted transition matrices only for intervals up to 2 or 3 sec, and it is suggested that these represented chains of some order higher than one.

Quantitative indicators of air traffic controllers’ attitude to the danger of errors

2020 ◽  
pp. 68-78
Author(s):  
O. M. Reva ◽  
V. V. Kamyshin ◽  
S. P. Borsuk ◽  
V. A. Shulhin ◽  
A. V. Nevynitsyn
Keyword(s):  
Human Factor ◽  
Differential Method ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Aviation Accidents ◽  
Air Traffic Controllers ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Level

The negative and persistent impact of the human factor on the statistics of aviation accidents and serious incidents makes proactive studies of the attitude of “front line” aviation operators (air traffic controllers, flight crewmembers) to dangerous actions or professional conditions as a key component of the current paradigm of ICAO safety concept. This “attitude” is determined through the indicators of the influence of the human factor on decision-making, which also include the systems of preferences of air traffic controllers on the indicators and characteristics of professional activity, illustrating both the individual perception of potential risks and dangers, and the peculiarities of generalized group thinking that have developed in a particular society. Preference systems are an ordered (ranked) series of n = 21 errors: from the most dangerous to the least dangerous and characterize only the danger preference of one error over another. The degree of this preference is determined only by the difference in the ranks of the errors and does not answer the question of how much time one error is more dangerous in relation to another. The differential method for identifying the comparative danger of errors, as well as the multistep technology for identifying and filtering out marginal opinions were applied. From the initial sample of m = 37 professional air traffic controllers, two subgroups mB=20 and mG=7 people were identified with statisti-cally significant at a high level of significance within the group consistency of opinions a = 1%. Nonpara-metric optimization of the corresponding group preference systems resulted in Kemeny’s medians, in which the related (middle) ranks were missing. Based on these medians, weighted coefficients of error hazards were determined by the mathematical prioritization method. It is substantiated that with the ac-cepted accuracy of calculations, the results obtained at the second iteration of this method are more ac-ceptable. The values of the error hazard coefficients, together with their ranks established in the preference systems, allow a more complete quantitative and qualitative analysis of the attitude of both individual air traffic controllers and their professional groups to hazardous actions or conditions.

PENGARUH PEMBERIAN PELAYANAN INFORMASI OBAT DAN KONSELING TERHADAP TINGKAT KEPATUHAN MINUM OBAT PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS DENGAN HIPERTENSI DI RUMAH SAKIT DAERAH IDAMAN BANJARBARU

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 240-249
Author(s):  
Satrio Wibowo Rahmatullah ◽  
◽  
Ika Maulida Nurrahma ◽  
Adnan Syahrizal
Keyword(s):  
Drug Information ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Information Service ◽  
Regional Hospital ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
High Level ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

Compliance to achieve treatment success can be improved by providing drug information services (PIO) and counseling to improve understanding of treatment instructions. The general objective of this study was to determine the effect of drug information service and counseling on the level of medication adherence in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) with hypertension in the Banjarbaru Regional Hospital. This study uses a quasi experimental method with a cross sectional approach and takes patient data prospectively. The results of this study indicate that the group given PIO and counseling showed a high level of adherence as many as 20 respondents (100%). Whereas in the group that was not given PIO and the counseling level of adherence was low, there were 4 respondents (20%). Based on the mann-whitney analysis p-value = 0,000 (<α = 0.05) so that there are differences in the group with PIO and counseling with groups without PIO and counseling, while the chi square analysis p-value = 0.004 (<α = 0 , 05) so that PIO and counseling have a significant effect on the level of adherence to taking medication in patients with DM with hypertension at the Banjarbaru Regional Hospital.

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