scholarly journals Reappraising the Legacy of Colonialism: The Value of an Island Sample A Response to Bertram

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-260
Author(s):  
James Feyrer ◽  
Bruce Sacerdote
Keyword(s):  
Natural Experiment ◽  
Sample Selection ◽  
Income Differences ◽  
Current State ◽  
Island Sample ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Recent Version ◽  
Unit Of Observation

In this brief article, we respond to Geoff Bertram’s overview of the current state of research into the legacy of colonial institutions. We make the general case for islands as a useful unit of observation in thinking about cross country income differences. The nature of island exploration and settlement provides a unique natural experiment that is not available in a mainland sample of countries. However, we feel that the results provide useful insights to the general literature about the relationship between colonialism and income. We also respond to Bertram’s criticisms of our data and sample selection. In many cases, problems he identifies have been addressed in the most recent version of our work.

scholarly journals The influence of temperature on methane adsorption in coal: A review and statistical analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 745-763 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhijun Wang ◽  
Xiaojuan Wang ◽  
Weiqin Zuo ◽  
Xiaotong Ma ◽  
Ning Li
Keyword(s):  
Coalbed Methane ◽  
Methane Adsorption ◽  
Gas Content ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Current State ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
Increasing Temperature ◽  
The Relationship

The capacity of coal to adsorb methane is greatly affected by temperature and, in recent years, temperature-dependent adsorption has been studied by many researchers. Even so, comprehensive conclusions have not been reached and conflicting experimental results are common. This paper reviews the current state of research regarding the temperature-dependent adsorption of methane in coal and catalogs the conclusions from experiments conducted on that subject by 28 researchers, as published between 1995 and 2017. Probability theory and statistics are used to show that the conclusion generally accepted by most researchers is that the amount of methane adsorbed by coal decreases with increasing temperature. It is highly likely that the Langmuir volume decreases as the temperature rises, and it is also probable that the Langmuir pressure increases at higher temperatures. Equations are presented that express the relationships between methane adsorption, Langmuir volume, Langmuir pressure, and temperature. Future research should be directed toward determining the relationship between Langmuir pressure and temperature. The results of the study presented herein provide a theoretical basis for predicting the gas content in coal seams and improving the efficiency of coalbed methane development.

Corporate social responsibility and financial analysts: a review of the literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne-Kathrin Hinze ◽  
Franziska Sump
Keyword(s):  
Financial Analysts ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Analyst Coverage ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Current State ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
Csr Disclosure ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Csr Engagement

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to systematise the current state of research on the association between companies’ corporate social responsibility (CSR) engagement and financial analysts’ company assessment. Additionally, it aims to identify fruitful directions for future research that contribute to a further exploration of the link between CSR and financial analysts.Design/methodology/approachThis study reviews and synthesises existing research on CSR and financial analysts. Based on the research question, “What is the relationship between CSR engagement and financial analysts’ metrics?,” the authors conduct a systematic literature review. The authors search three major databases and use an extensive search term to ensure exhaustive coverage of the field. The paper then systemises the current state of research and identifies knowledge gaps and potential directions for future research.FindingsThe review of existing research shows that several studies confirm a positive link between CSR performance and analyst coverage, suggesting that external monitoring through analysts incentivises companies to enhance their CSR engagement. Further, results indicate that a company’s involvement in “sin” industries is linked to lower analyst coverage. Besides, a higher level of CSR disclosure is positively associated with analyst forecast accuracy, thus indicating that the provision of CSR-related information is linked to an enhanced information environment. High levels of CSR performance are associated with more positive recommendations from analysts. However, recent surveys and interview studies on analysts’ perceptions of CSR fail to uniformly support an increasing interest in CSR.Research limitations/implicationsFor a better understanding of the link between CSR engagement and financial analysts, two fruitful directions for future research are observed. First, future research designs should clearly differentiate between CSR disclosure and CSR performance and take account of interdependencies between them. Second, studies should address behavioural insights into how analysts process information and the influence of individual analyst characteristics on the link between CSR engagement and an analyst’s assessment of a company.Originality/valueThis study is the first to review the literature on the relationship between CSR and financial analysts. The association between CSR and financial analysts is particularly interesting given the pivotal role financial analysts play as information intermediaries in financial markets. This study delivers an in-depth understanding of existing studies and their theoretical underpinnings. Based on the existing literature, this paper develops innovative directions for future research.

scholarly journals Representation of value and meaning in the structure of vandalism: an empirical study

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 80-85
Author(s):  
Kirill V. Zlokazov
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Young People ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Current State ◽  
Subjective Value ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
The Relationship

The article is devoted to predicting and preventing urban vandalism. In the article described current state of research on structure of vandalism – motives, attitudes, ideas. It is shown that the activity approach can serve as a theoretical basis for study of the internal plan of vandal actions. On its basis, a theoretical model is determined, including the motive of vandalism and the ideas that regulate its implementation. These are the subjective value of vandal action and value that subject attaches to vandal action. The organisation, procedure and results of empirical research are described. Using a sample of young people living in 106 Russian cities (n = 650 people), we study the relationship between subjective ideas about the ability to commit a vandal act, its motives, attributed value and meaning. The results show that there is a conjugate effect of these representations on subjective ability to behave like a vandal. Their interpretation shows the presence of opposite approaches to the assessment of vandalism – from rejection to acceptance.

scholarly journals Attitude Transference Among Adolescents: The Relationship Between Injunctive Classroom Norms and Individual Antisocial Attitudes

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-224
Author(s):  
Verena Hofmann ◽  
Christoph M. Müller
Keyword(s):  
Antisocial Behavior ◽  
Peer Influence ◽  
School Students ◽  
Classroom Norms ◽  
Delinquent Behaviors ◽  
Reciprocal Influence ◽  
Current State ◽  
Antisocial Attitudes ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
The Relationship

Cognition plays a major role in the development of antisocial behavior. The aim of this study was to extend the current state of research regarding the mechanisms of negative peer influence in adolescence by testing whether aggregated classroom attitudes (injunctive norms) predict individual attitudes toward antisocial behavior and vice versa. For that purpose, attitudes toward a broad range of aggressive and delinquent behaviors were assessed in 864 lower secondary school students in Switzerland. The survey took place at 4 measurement points, spanning Grade 7 to Grade 9. The reciprocal influence between group norms and individual attitudes was tested in a lagged multilevel model for change. Results indicated that injunctive classroom norms predicted subsequent individual attitudes but that individual attitudes did not predict subsequent classroom norms, even if student’s social dominance status was included in the model as a moderator.

Power and National Capability

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Crisher
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Military Power ◽  
Policy Tools ◽  
Knowing How ◽  
Current State ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
The Relationship

Power is a crucial concept for international relations scholars. Of particular importance for those interested in understanding foreign policy is knowing how power manifests as national capabilities. Understanding the relationship between power and capabilities allows for comparison and contrast of the various foreign policy tools leaders have at their disposal as they attempt to achieve their goals. Despite the importance of power, scholars still debate the best means for conceptualizing and operationalizing the concept. The all-encompassing nature of power makes it difficult to focus on a single characteristic. This article focuses on three main aspects of power: military, economic, and soft power. Each section gives an overview into the current state of research into the various aspects of power. The discussion on military power emphasizes operationalizing military might and issues with innovation. The section on economics focuses on economics as a source of power and a tool for coercion. Finally, the last section focuses on noncoercive aspects of power, better known as soft power. The article ends with some suggestions for future research.

scholarly journals Overview of past and present discourse on VAL

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 27-35
Author(s):  
Gabriela Smetanová
Keyword(s):  
Critical Reflection ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Architectural Discourse ◽  
Current State ◽  
Global Movement ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Main Ideas ◽  
Near Future ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The paper is an introduction to my thesis entitled “Author’s Conceptions in the European Architecture of the 20th Century”. Specifically, the objective of my study is monographic research into VAL, a Slovak artistic-architectural group, which was active from the 1970s to the 1990s. The group consists of the artist Alex Mlynárčik, and architects Viera Mecková and Ľudovít Kupkovič, who gradually began to develop their visions together. During the years 1968 (1970) – 1994 they produced eight projects illustrating possibilities for our environment of tomorrow. The 1960s were accompanied by a discussion critically thematizing the main ideas of modernism. Visionary, utopian or dystopian trends, which presented various scenarios for the near future, were an integral part of this discussion. Their subject was the relationship between man and the environment, man and the society, architecture and landscape, or man and the cosmos. These visionaries have generated a whole series of architectural concepts, which even today are an inspiration for thinking about architecture and the environment. VAL was a valuable part of this global movement, and thus an important phenomenon from the point of view of local architectural discourse. This paper deals with the current state of research on the topic. It is a summary of formative moments and theories for the group’s work, a summary of the critical reflection and public presentations of their work throughout their active period up to the present day.

Intercultural User Interface Design

2015 ◽  
pp. 1-34
Author(s):  
Rüdiger Heimgärtner
Keyword(s):  
User Interface ◽  
Interface Design ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
User Interface Design ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Current State ◽  
Culture Centered ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter starts with an introduction illuminating the theoretical background necessary for taking culture into account in Human Computer Interaction (HCI) design. Definitions of concepts used are provided followed by a historical overview on taking culture into account in HCI design. Subsequently, a glimpse of the current state of research in culture-centered HCI design is derived from secondary literature providing the gist of the structures, processes, methods, models, and theoretic approaches concerning the relationship between culture and HCI design. Controversies and challenges are also mentioned. A short discussion of results from empirical studies and design recommendations for culture-centered HCI design lead to implications and trends in future intercultural user interface design research.

Der Einfluss eines Betrieblichen Gesundheitsmanagements auf die Unternehmensperformance

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timo Maurer
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Health ◽  
Performance Measures ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Occupational Health Management ◽  
Current State ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Relationship

This book reveals how occupational health management can influence corporate performance. There are numerous studies on the relationship between occupational health management and performance measures, with some contradictory results. For this reason, the author conducted meta-analysis to summarise and analyse those existing results, which enabled him to determine the ‘true effects’ of occupational health management and derive recommendations from them. The book thus provides managing directors or sustainability managers with a possible basis for the legitimacy of investments in occupational health management and in approaches to organising it, so that health and economic effects are generated. Furthermore, this book will appeal to academics from the fields of health and sustainability management as well as strategic management as it provides them with insights into the current state of research in this respect.

Intercultural User Interface Design

2016 ◽  
pp. 113-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rüdiger Heimgärtner
Keyword(s):  
User Interface ◽  
Interface Design ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
User Interface Design ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Current State ◽  
Culture Centered ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter starts with an introduction illuminating the theoretical background necessary for taking culture into account in Human Computer Interaction (HCI) design. Definitions of concepts used are provided followed by a historical overview on taking culture into account in HCI design. Subsequently, a glimpse of the current state of research in culture-centered HCI design is derived from secondary literature providing the gist of the structures, processes, methods, models, and theoretic approaches concerning the relationship between culture and HCI design. Controversies and challenges are also mentioned. A short discussion of results from empirical studies and design recommendations for culture-centered HCI design lead to implications and trends in future intercultural user interface design research.

Intercultural User Interface Design

2014 ◽  
pp. 1-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rüdiger Heimgärtner
Keyword(s):  
User Interface ◽  
Interface Design ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
User Interface Design ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Current State ◽  
Culture Centered ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter starts with an introduction illuminating the theoretical background necessary for taking culture into account in Human Computer Interaction (HCI) design. Definitions of concepts used are provided followed by a historical overview on taking culture into account in HCI design. Subsequently, a glimpse of the current state of research in culture-centered HCI design is derived from secondary literature providing the gist of the structures, processes, methods, models, and theoretic approaches concerning the relationship between culture and HCI design. Controversies and challenges are also mentioned. A short discussion of results from empirical studies and design recommendations for culture-centered HCI design lead to implications and trends in future intercultural user interface design research.

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