scholarly journals PECULIARITIES OF THE COGNITIVE PROCESSES AND THE STATE OF THE EMOTIONAL-VOLITIONAL SPHERE IN PATIENTS WITH CEREBRAL ARTERIOSCLEROSIS

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. S. Karvacka ◽  
S. M. Rusina ◽  
V. I. Kuryk
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
The State ◽  
Cerebral Arteriosclerosis

scholarly journals Learning and knowing as semiosis: Extending the conceptual apparatus of semiotics

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (3/4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cary Campbell ◽  
Alin Olteanu ◽  
Kalevi Kull
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
The State ◽  
Theory Of Knowledge ◽  
Conceptual Apparatus ◽  
Knowing That ◽  
Semiotic Perspective ◽  
Semiotic Theory

If all knowing comes from semiosis, more concepts should be added to the semiotic toolbox. However, semiotic concepts must be defined via other semiotic concepts. We observe an opportunity to advance the state-of-the-art in semiotics by defining concepts of cognitive processes and phenomena via semiotic terms. In particular, we focus on concepts of relevance for theory of knowledge, such as learning, knowing, affordance, scaffolding, resources, competence, memory, and a few others. For these, we provide preliminary definitions from a semiotic perspective, which also explicates their interrelatedness. Redefining these terms this way helps to avoid both physicalism and psychologism, showcasing the epistemological dimensions of environmental situatedness through the semiotic understanding of organisms’ fittedness with their environments. Following our review and presentation of each concept, we briefly discuss the significance of our embedded redefinitions in contributing to a semiotic theory of knowing that has relevance to both the humanities and the life sciences, while not forgetting their relevance to education and psychology, but also social semiotic and multimodality studies.

scholarly journals What’s in a word? Victims on ‘victim’

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Fohring
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
The State ◽  
Personal Beliefs ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Victims Of Crime ◽  
Societal Stigma

Identifying as a victim of crime is a complex process involving both social and personal motivations. This paper utilises data gathered from victims of crime to examine how their thoughts, feelings and reactions to the victim label are influenced by societal stigma, and how this influence is mediated by personal beliefs and cognitive processes. It does this firstly by examining participants’ thoughts and reactions to the word ‘victim’, where findings indicate a distinct disconnect between how an incident of crime is labelled and how a victim identifies themselves, suggesting an acknowledgement of the incident as wrong and illegal, but denial of victimhood. Secondly, key themes considered by participants to be characteristic of victimhood are identified. These include weakness as a core characteristic of victims, the fluidity of the state of victimhood and the importance of effective coping versus suffering.

scholarly journals Unsupervised Disentangled Representation Learning with Analogical Relations

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zejian Li ◽  
Yongchuan Tang ◽  
Yongxing He
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Representation Learning ◽  
Subspace Learning ◽  
Generative Models ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Learning Methods ◽  
Training Strategy

Learning the disentangled representation of interpretable generative factors of data is one of the foundations to allow artificial intelligence to think like people. In this paper, we propose the analogical training strategy for the unsupervised disentangled representation learning in generative models. The analogy is one of the typical cognitive processes, and our proposed strategy is based on the observation that sample pairs in which one is different from the other in one specific generative factor show the same analogical relation. Thus, the generator is trained to generate sample pairs from which a designed classifier can identify the underlying analogical relation. In addition, we propose a disentanglement metric called the subspace score, which is inspired by subspace learning methods and does not require supervised information. Experiments show that our proposed training strategy allows the generative models to find the disentangled factors, and that our methods can give competitive performances as compared with the state-of-the-art methods.

scholarly journals MIEDO ESCÉNICO Y LA SUPERACIÓN PSICOLÓGICA EN ESTUDIANTES UNIVERSITARIOS.

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 39-49
Author(s):  
Israel Viejó Mora ◽  
Enrique Quinto Saritama ◽  
Enrique Quinto Saritama
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Quantitative Method ◽  
The State ◽  
Stage Fright ◽  
State University ◽  
Research Context ◽  
Inductive Type ◽  
Estudiantes Universitarios

La investigación tiene como propósito determinar los factores que inciden en el miedo escénico en estudiantes universitarios y como afectan en sus procesos cognitivos, además de la superación psicológica al momento de exponer en público, así como indicar algunas técnicas para controlar este temor. El estudio fue realizado en la Universidad Estatal de Milagro para su efecto y ejecución, donde se aplicó el método cuali-cuantitativo, de tipo inductivo, aplicando entrevista y encuesta, para demostrar que los estudiantes no han tenido la oportunidad de conocer ciertas técnicas que le permitan superar el miedo escénico. Desde este contexto de investigación nace el estudio denominado: el miedo escénico y la superación psicológica en estudiantes universitarios. Abstract The purpose of the research is to determine the factors that affect stage fright in university students and how they affect their cognitive processes, in addition to psychological overcoming when exposed in public, as well as indicate some techniques to control this fear. The study was carried out in the State University of Milagro for its effect and execution, where the qualitative-quantitative method, of inductive type was applied, applying the interview and the survey, to demonstrate that the students have not had the opportunity to know certain techniques that allow him to overcome stage fright. From this research context comes the study called: stage fright and psychological overcoming in university students

scholarly journals Estado da Arte da Educação Matemática Inclusiva: uma Análise a Respeito da Produção Científica

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 144
Author(s):  
Renata Karoline Fernandes ◽  
Rosana Figueiredo Salvi
Keyword(s):  
Mathematics Education ◽  
Students With Disabilities ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Mathematics Learning ◽  
Educational Needs ◽  
The State ◽  
Special Educational Needs ◽  
Learning Research ◽  
Mathematical Activities

Este trabalho destina-se a responder o que foi produzido no Brasil, nos últimos dez anos, em dissertações de mestrado e teses de doutorado, a respeito do tema Educação Matemática Inclusiva. Para este fim, realizou-se um estudo do estado da arte da Educação Matemática Inclusiva, baseado nos resumos e nas palavras-chave de dissertações e teses, que foram selecionadas por meio do banco de teses da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - Capes e busca em páginas do Google Acadêmico. Por meio deste, percebe-se uma tendência para investigações sobre atividades matemáticas digitais e não digitais, que podem auxiliar na aprendizagem de estudantes com deficiências e necessidades educacionais especiais - NEE, atitudes que favorecem essa aprendizagem, compreensão de processos cognitivos envolvidos na aprendizagem matemática, aspectos da formação docente inicial e continuada voltada para a Educação Matemática Inclusiva. Conclui-se que a Educação Matemática Inclusiva é um campo fértil para a realização de novas pesquisas.Palavras-chave: Inclusão. Deficiências. Necessidades Educacionais Especiais.AbstractThe paper attempts to answer: what was produced in Brazil in master’s degree and doctoral theses, over last ten years, regarding the theme inclusion in Mathematics Education? To this end, we carried out a study on the state of the art of Inclusive Mathematics Education, based on the abstracts and keywords of dissertations and theses, consulting the database from Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - Capes and Academic Google webpages. Through this, it is realized a tendency on investigations about digital and non-digital mathematical activities to assist in the students with disabilities’ learning and special educational needs (NEE) and attitudes that promote such learning. Research also seeks to understand the cognitive processes involved in mathematics learning, aspects regarding the initial and continuous Teaching formation focused on Inclusive Mathematics Education . It is concouded that Inclusive mathematics Education is a fertile field for new research.Keywords: Inclusion. Disabilities. Special Educational Needs.

scholarly journals Desaprendizaje e inestabilidad. Perspectivas para una teoría cognitiva de la lectura poética

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Amelia Gamoneda Lanza
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Cognitive Strategies ◽  
The State ◽  
Mental Process

La lectura poética explora técnicas que rescatan procesos cognitivos básicos y aún no automatizados que todo aprendizaje lector activa. Asimismo, la lectura poética sostiene e incentiva los estados de inestabilidad cognitiva por los que ha de pasar cualquier proceso mental. Se configuran así estrategias cognitivas de desaprendizaje de automatismos y de irresolución de interpretaciones que tienen como resultado el extrañamiento y la complejidad, y que se analizarán en el contexto de un poema de Baudelaire.This poetic reading explores techniques which rediscover basic cognitive processes which up to now have not been automated and which all readers draw upon. At the same time, the poetic reading sustains and incentivizes the state of cognitive instability through which every mental process passes. In this way the article shows cognitive strategies of unlearning of methods already learned and strategies of maintaining irreconcilable interpretations which result in estrangement and complexity, and which will be analyzed in the context of a poem by Baudelaire.

scholarly journals Breathing affects self-other voice discrimination in a bodily state with increased otherness

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavo Orepic ◽  
Hyeong-Dong Park ◽  
Giulio Rognini ◽  
Nathan Faivre ◽  
Olaf Blanke
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
The State ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Voice Perception ◽  
Hearing Voices ◽  
Loss Of Self ◽  
Monitoring Framework ◽  
Bodily State ◽  
Voice Discrimination

A growing number of studies have focused on identifying cognitive processes that are modulated by interoceptive signals. Here we investigated whether interoception affects self-processing, by assessing changes in self-voice perception as a function of respiratory and cardiac cycles. Considering the fundamental role interoception plays in bodily self-consciousness, we additionally applied conflicting sensorimotor stimulation inducing a state characterized by a loss of self and increased otherness, and investigated its effects in self-other voice perception. Our data reveal that breathing, but not heartbeat, affects self-voice perception, by showing that participants (N = 30) discriminated self-voice from other voices better during inspiration, while being in the state of increased otherness and especially when hearing voices of other people. Loudness judgement of equivalent self-related stimuli was unaffected by breathing. Combining interoception and voice perception with self-monitoring framework, these data extend recent findings on breathing-dependent cognition to self-processing.

Elaborating the role of reflection and individual differences in the study of folk-economic beliefs

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Arceneaux
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
History Of ◽  
Economic Beliefs

AbstractIntuitions guide decision-making, and looking to the evolutionary history of humans illuminates why some behavioral responses are more intuitive than others. Yet a place remains for cognitive processes to second-guess intuitive responses – that is, to be reflective – and individual differences abound in automatic, intuitive processing as well.

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