scholarly journals The establishment of the form of bullet morphology of fractures of the flat bones

2017 ◽  
pp. 70-73
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Mykhailenko
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Mechanics ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Group Identification ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Tissue Destruction ◽  
Mechanism Of Formation ◽  
Archival Material ◽  
Hertz Problem ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Theoretical Mechanics

In the work were studied morphological features of bone tissue destruction, which may set the shape of the bullet. We considered problems of theoretical mechanics helped to explain the mechanism of formation of a perforated fractures of the flat bones from the effect of gunshot shells one - and doradca form. The proposed mechanisms allow to explain the difference in terms of destruction of bone tissue when exposed to fire shells one - and doradca forms, and as a consequence conduct a group identification form a firearm projectile according to the morphological characteristics of gunshot gunshot fractures of the flat bones. The objects of the study there was an entrance gunshot gunshot fractures, which were formed from bullets one and Dorado form of the archival material Department of forensic crimaldi Kiev city clinical Bureau of forensic medical examination and obtained experimentally gunshot gunshot fractures of the flat bones. To assess the fracture mechanics of the flat bones, we used the data of theoretical mechanics. Justification of destruction of flat bones from the bullets odnorodno forms we considered for the problem Businesa, and destruction of flat bones from the bullets doradca forms on the example of the Hertz problem and model of hill-Johnson. The results obtained were processed by methods of variation statistics.

Inheritance of Some Morphological Characteristics of Parental Lines in Mustard-Rape Hybrid

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-30
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Hybrid Plant ◽  
Distant Hybridization ◽  
Degree Of Dominance ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Row Width ◽  
The Difference

Distant hybridization is known to play an important role in expanding the gene pool of any crop. It is believed that the combination of different genomes in one nucleus, as a rule, is accompanied by the phenomenon of “genomic shock”, resulting in a variety of genetic and epigenetic changes. This provides a wealth of material for the selection of genotypes adapted to different environmental conditions. Interspecific hybrids in different combinations were obtained in the genus Brassica, however, until now, interest in distant hybridization in this genus has not died out, since such important crops as rapeseed and mustard demand an improvement of many important agronomic traits. The aim of this work was to study the degree of manifestation of morphological characters of a leaf, flower, and plant as a whole in the hybrid obtained by crossing of brown mustard of the variety Slavyanka and a collection specimen of spring rape. Seeds were sown in the spring of 2019 in a field with 30 cm row width. During the flowering period a number of morphological characters of a flower, leaf, and the whole plant were analyzed. Each parameter was evaluated with 10 plants. The degree of dominance in first-generation hybrid was calculated by the formula of Beil, Atkins (1965). The dominance coefficients were not determined in the case when the difference between the parental samples was insignificant. Differences between parental samples were determined by Student t-test. The level of heterosis was calculated according to the formula of Rasul et al (2002). In a mustard-rapeseed hybrid, the size of the leaves of the lower row was inherited by the type of rapeseed, which had larger leaves than mustard. The height of the hybrid plant was inherited by the type of mustard (hp = 1.32, Ht = 4.89%), and intermediate inheritance was observed for the length of the internodes (hp = -0.48). The size of the flower petals and sepals was inherited by the type of rapeseed, and significant heterosis was observed for the length of the pistil (Ht = 33.57%). The data obtained are of interest for understanding the interaction of genes of different genomes in the genus Brassica.

scholarly journals Effect of Morphological Characteristics and Biomineralization of 3D-Printed Gelatin/Hyaluronic Acid/Hydroxyapatite Composite Scaffolds on Bone Tissue Regeneration

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (13) ◽  
pp. 6794
Author(s):  
Jae-Woo Kim ◽  
Yoon-Soo Han ◽  
Hyun-Mee Lee ◽  
Jin-Kyung Kim ◽  
Young-Jin Kim
Keyword(s):  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Double Layer ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Bone Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Hierarchical Architecture ◽  
Uniform Structure ◽  
Composite Scaffolds

The use of porous three-dimensional (3D) composite scaffolds has attracted great attention in bone tissue engineering applications because they closely simulate the major features of the natural extracellular matrix (ECM) of bone. This study aimed to prepare biomimetic composite scaffolds via a simple 3D printing of gelatin/hyaluronic acid (HA)/hydroxyapatite (HAp) and subsequent biomineralization for improved bone tissue regeneration. The resulting scaffolds exhibited uniform structure and homogeneous pore distribution. In addition, the microstructures of the composite scaffolds showed an ECM-mimetic structure with a wrinkled internal surface and a porous hierarchical architecture. The results of bioactivity assays proved that the morphological characteristics and biomineralization of the composite scaffolds influenced cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. In particular, the biomineralized gelatin/HA/HAp composite scaffolds with double-layer staggered orthogonal (GEHA20-ZZS) and double-layer alternative structure (GEHA20-45S) showed higher bioactivity than other scaffolds. According to these results, biomineralization has a great influence on the biological activity of cells. Hence, the biomineralized composite scaffolds can be used as new bone scaffolds in bone regeneration.

scholarly journals Dental Implant Site Drilling and Induced Morphological Changes Correlated with Temperature in Pig’s Rib Used as the Human Jaw Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 2493
Author(s):  
Karol Kirstein ◽  
Michalina Horochowska ◽  
Jacek Jagiełło ◽  
Joanna Bubak ◽  
Aleksander Chrószcz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Bone Destruction ◽  
Microscopic Investigation ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Drilling Speed ◽  
Tissue Destruction ◽  
Destruction Zone ◽  
Jaw Model

The bone tissue destruction during drilling is still one of the crucial problems in implantology. In this study, the influence of drilling speed, coolant presence, and its temperature on bone tissue was tested using swine rib as a biological model of human jaws. The same method of drilling (with or without coolant) was used in all tested samples. The microscopic investigation estimated the size of the destruction zone and morphology of bone tissue surrounding the drilling canal. The achieved results were statistically elaborated. The study proved that the optimal drilling speed was ca. 1200 rpm, but the temperature of the used coolant had no significant influence on provoked bone destruction. Simultaneously, the drilling system without coolant compared to this with coolant has statistical importance on drilling results. Further in vivo studies will verify the obtained results.

Remote-Controllable Bone-Targeted Delivery of Estradiol For the Treatment of Ovariectomy-Induced Osteoporosis in Rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dehao Fu ◽  
Yuanyuan Guo ◽  
Yongwei Liu ◽  
Chen Shi ◽  
Tingting Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Plga Nanoparticles ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Tissue Destruction ◽  
Trap 5B ◽  
Post Menopausal

Abstract BackgroundOsteoporosis (OP) is a systemic skeletal disease marked by bone mass reduction and bone tissue destruction. Hormone replacement therapy is an effective treatment for post-menopausal OP, but estrogen has poor tissue selectivity and severe side effects.ResultsIn this study, we constructed a poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs)-based drug delivery system to co-load 17β estradiol (E2) and iron oxide (Fe3O4) together, modified with alendronate (AL) to achieve bone targeting and realize a magnetically remote-controllable drug release. The NPs were fabricated through the emulsion solvent diffusion method. The particle size was approximately 200 nm while the encapsulation efficiency of E2 was 58.34 ± 9.21%. The NPs were found to be spherical with a homogenous distribution of particle size. The NPs showed good stability, good biocompatibility, high encapsulation ability of E2 and excellent magnetic properties. The NPs could be effectively taken up by Raw 264.7 cells and were effective in enriching drugs in bone tissue. The co-loaded NPs exposed to an external magnetic field ameliorated OVX-induced bone loss through increased BV/TV, decreased Tb.N and Tb.Sp, improved bone strength, increased PINP and OC, and downregulated CTX and TRAP-5b. The haematological index and histopathological analyses displayed the NPs had less side effects on non-skeletal tissues.ConclusionsThis study presented a remote-controlled release system based on bone-targeted multifunctional NPs and a new potential approach to bone-targeted therapy of OP.

scholarly journals BONE TISSUE DESTRUCTION AND REGENERATION: FORENSIC MEDICAL ASSESSMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-20
Author(s):  
V. P. Konev ◽  
S. N. Moskovskiy ◽  
A. E. Krivoshein ◽  
Yu. O. Shishkina ◽  
A. S. Korshunov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Tissue Destruction ◽  
Medical Assessment ◽  
Biopsy Material ◽  
Inflammatory Reactions ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Regeneration Of Bone Tissue ◽  
Rehabilitation Period ◽  
Destructive Processes

Bone regeneration of patients with osteoporosis takes significantly longer than the rehabilitation period of individuals without bone pathology. This is due to the predominance of destructive processes in the setting of osteoblastic reaction weakened by osteoporosis, persistent inflammatory reactions, as well as proliferating connective tissue.Aim. Тo study the nature and dynamics of processes involved in the destruction and regeneration of bone tissue under various conditions, taking forensic medical assessment into account.Material and methods. We studied the autopsy and biopsy material of bone tissue using clinical-instrumental and histological research methods.Results. Using atomic force microscopy, it was found that in individuals with osteoporosis the formation of endosteal callus exhibits features associated with the impaired interlacing of collagen fibres due to the expanded space between them, and, as a result, an impaired connection between osseous structures with a low level of mineralisation.Conclusion. In accordance with paragraph 24 of Order 194n On the Approval of Medical Criteria for Determining the Severity of Harm to Human Health verified systemic osteoporosis that was the setting for the fracture, which in fact is a pathological fracture, should not be considered as damage to health.

scholarly journals INVESTIGATION ON PRE-TREATMENT PROCESS IN MICROCRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE (MCC) FROM OIL PALM EMPTY FRUIT BUNCH (EFB)

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-96
Author(s):  
Muhammad Arif Fahmi Supian ◽  
Khairatun Najwa Mohd Amin ◽  
Saidatul Shima Jamari ◽  
Shahril Mohamad
Keyword(s):  
Microcrystalline Cellulose ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Alkaline Treatment ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Characteristic Peak ◽  
Reinforcing Agent ◽  
Good Potential ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Pre Treatment

In this study, microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) was extracted from empty fruit bunch (EFB) with alkaline treatment, bleaching and acid hydrolysis treatment and its properties were compared with commercial MCC. Two conditions were optimized in this study which are fiber consistency and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) concentration in alkaline pretreatment. The obtained optimum consistency and alkaline concentration are 5% and 20%respectively. The physicochemical and morphological characteristics, elemental composition and size distribution of the obtained alpha cellulose and MCC were analyzed in this work. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis provided clear evidence that the characteristic peak of lignin and hemicellulose were absent in the spectrum of the alpha cellulose and MCC. The difference in surface morphology and aggregation between alpha cellulose, MCC and commercialized MCC were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The mean length of approximately 251.3 μm, 41.4 μm and 138.6 μm were measured for alpha cellulose, MCC and commercialized MCC respectively. Thus, the isolated MCC from EFB has a good potential to be utilized as reinforcing agent in green composites and may be a precursor for future roselle derived nanocellulose, and thus a promising subject in nanocomposite research.

The difference of morphological characteristics and population structure in PAO and DPAOgranular sludges

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 ◽  
pp. 388-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geumhee Yun ◽  
Hansaem Lee ◽  
Yongsuk Hong ◽  
Sungpyo Kim ◽  
Glen T. Daigger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
The Difference

Structure Integrity Evaluation of Supercritical Water Cooled Pressure Tube Subjected to Accident Conditions

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiacheng Luo ◽  
Li Yu ◽  
Pengzhou Li ◽  
Lei Sun
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Mechanics ◽  
Supercritical Water ◽  
Tube Wall ◽  
Probabilistic Method ◽  
Supercritical Pressure ◽  
Pressure Tube ◽  
Mechanics Analysis ◽  
Probabilistic Function ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Accident Conditions

The coolant inside the supercritical water cooled pressure tube operates beyond the critical thermodynamics point of water, and the structure integrity of the pressure tube is of great important to the safety of reactor. Under the accident load, the difference in temperature along the pressure tube wall will cause relatively large thermal stress. Due to the generated high tensile stress, coupled with the internal high pressure load, the defects in the inner surface of the pressure tube may propagate rapidly and even through the wall thickness. This paper investigates the structure integrity of the supercritical water cooled pressure tube based on the deterministic and the probabilistic method of fracture mechanics, and obtains the stress intensity factor and the probabilistic function. It is found that the integrity of the supercritical pressure tube can be maintained from the fracture mechanics analysis under the accident load.

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