scholarly journals Efficacy of potassium permanganate and turmeric as antimicrobial agents on the bacterial load and quality of boar semen during preservation at 15 °C

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 (5) ◽  
pp. 443-451
Author(s):  
Nang Kanna Manpoong ◽  
Kutubuddin Ahmed ◽  
Dilip Kumar Bhattacharya ◽  
Dipak Kumar Sarma ◽  
Nekibuddin Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Boar Semen ◽  
Conventional Antibiotics

The present study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of different natural antimicrobials agents (KMnO4 and Turmeric) in comparison with conventional antibiotics against the bacterial load and in relation to the quality of boar semen in Modena extender for up to 120 hours of preservation at 15 °C. A total of 56 ejaculates, 14 from each of four Hampshire crossbred boars maintained within the ICAR-AICRP on Pigs, in Guwahati, Assam, India, were utilized in the study. Thirty-two ejaculates, 8 from each of four boars were used to study the effect of antimicrobial agents on semen quality during preservation at 15 °C in Modena extender. A total of 9 different bacterial types were identified from 46 bacterial isolates, obtained from 24 fresh semen samples viz. Staphylococcus aureus (24%), E. coli (22%), Bacillus spp. (13%), Citrobacter spp. (9%), Pseudomonas spp. (9%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (9%), Klebsiella spp. (6%), Streptococcus spp. (6%) and Proteus spp. (2%). The overall sensitivity of the recovered isolates to Gentamicin, Ampicillin, Enrofloxacin, Cloxacillin, Streptomycin, Penicillin, Amoxycilln, Ofloxacin and Tetracyclin were 89, 39, 37, 48, 74, 52, 56, 76 and 63% respectively. The mean sperm motility, intact acrosome, HOST-reacted spermatozoa and bacterial load differed significantly (P˂0.01) between antimicrobial agents (Gentamicin, KMnO4 and Turmeric) and preservation periods (0, 48, 72, 96 and 120 hours). Sperm quality based on Gentamicin was found to be best, followed by Turmeric and KMnO4 during preservation at 15 °C. The conception rate for the semen preserved for 0, 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 hours of preservation was 83.33, 80.00, 75.00, 66.66, 66.66 and 50.00% respectively. In the present study, the preserved semen with ascending bacterial load containing Gentamicin did not affect the conception rate.

scholarly journals Bacteriospermia and Sperm Quality of Cryopreserved Bull Semen Used in Artificial Insemination of Cows in South Wollo Zone, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Abadi Amare Reda ◽  
Gizat Almaw ◽  
Solomon Abreha ◽  
Wedajo Tadeg ◽  
Belege Tadesse
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Normal Morphology ◽  
Bull Semen ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Processing And Storage

The objectives of this trial were to estimate prevalence of bacteriospermia, to determine the bacterial load, and to isolate the types of bacteria as well as to assess the association between bacterial load and sperm quality traits in cryopreserved bull semen in field conditions in the South Wollo Zone. A total of 309 cryopreserved straws of semen from the Holstein Friesian (HF)-cross bull (n = 180 straws) and pure Jersey bull (n = 129 straws) were investigated. Bacteriological assessments of the presence of aerobic bacteria, estimation of bacterial count and bacterial isolation, as well as semen quality were performed. Aerobic bacterial contamination was prevalent in 38.8% of the semen straws. No significant difference in the prevalence of bacteriospermia was observed among bulls although the HF-cross bull had a higher prevalence (40.0%). But, significant difference in prevalence of bacteriospermia was found among semen ejaculates of the same bull. The risk of bacteriospermia in the HF-cross bull was higher (Odds ratio = 1.86, 95% CI = 0.168–20.26) compared to Jersey although not significant. Overall average bacterial load of 50.38 ± 16.29 colony-forming units (CFU)/ml (from nil to 1318.20 CFU/ml) was found. No significant difference in bacterial count among bulls and their ejaculates was observed. Moreover, correlation analysis revealed that the proportions of motility, live, and normal morphology were negatively influenced by an increase in the bacterial contamination of semen. In this study, three isolates of coagualse-negative Staphylococcus species and one isolate of Corynebacterium species were found. Average percentages of sperm motility (48.35 ± 1.23), live (66.08 ± 1.0), and normal morphology (80.62 ± 1.24) were observed. It was concluded that cryopreservation does not guarantee the quality of semen from bacterial contamination. Hence, meticulous care should be adopted to prevent contamination of semen by bacteria during collection, transportation, processing, and storage times.

scholarly journals 284 Gene polymorphism of 5, 10-methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase is related to boar semen quality

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 117-117
Author(s):  
wen lai ◽  
chao Wang ◽  
Jian Peng
Keyword(s):  
Semen Quality ◽  
Mthfr Gene ◽  
Missense Mutations ◽  
Double Mutation ◽  
Polymorphic Loci ◽  
Synonymous Mutations ◽  
Methylene Tetrahydrofolate Reductase ◽  
Boar Semen ◽  
Methylene Tetrahydrofolate

Abstract 5, 10-methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is an important enzyme in folate and homocysteine metabolism, and plays an important role in regulating folate levels, DNA synthesis and methylation in cells. Defects in the MTHFR gene can lead to spermatogenesis disorders and male sterility. Polymorphic loci of MTHFR gene and semen quality of 1,490 boars were examined to explore their relationship. Results showed there were 13 polymorphic loci on MTHFR gene exon in boars with different semen quality, among which loci 1 and 2 were missense mutations. For Duroc boars, although there were synonymous mutations at loci 3–5 and 11, the mutation had no effect on semen quality (P > 0.05). In addition to loci 13, loci 1–12 of the MTHFR gene had mutations, but it had no effect on semen quality in Yorkshire boars (P > 0.05). Interestingly, for Landrace boars, double mutation of MTHFR gene at 1–2, 6–10, and 12 loci (CC → TT) led to decreased sperm motility and increased abnormal sperm rate (P < 0.05). Further analysis showed seminal plasma MDA and hydrogen peroxide levels were increased in Landrace boars with the mutation of MTHFR gene at loci 1–2, 6–10 and 12 (P < 0.05). In conclusion, double mutation of MTHFR gene at 1–2, 6–10, and 12 loci decreased semen quality and increased oxidative stress in sperm, and these mutant loci may be potential biomarkers for predicting the semen quality of Landrace boars.

scholarly journals Microbiological Quality Assessment by PCR and Its Antibiotic Susceptibility in Mangrove Crabs (Ucides cordatus) from Guanabara Bay, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. N. Carvalho ◽  
M. M. Jayme ◽  
G. S. Arenazio ◽  
F. V. Araújo ◽  
S. G. F. Leite ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Ucides Cordatus ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Mar Index ◽  
Mangrove Crabs ◽  
Crab Meat ◽  
Janeiro State

The bacteriological quality of crabs from three different mangroves (Itaóca, Suruí, and Piedade) from Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil, was investigated using conventional and molecular methods. The results revealed high counts for total coliforms in meat and hepatopancreas samples. PCR analyses identified 25Escherichia colicolonies in the Itaóca, Piedade, and Suruí samples, detecting 13 enterotoxigenic colonies and 9 enteroaggregative colonies. Respectively, 12, 11, and 21Vibrio parahaemolyticusstrains were detected in the Itaóca, Piedade, and Suruí samples. TwoV. choleraestrains were detected in the Piedade samples. TheE. colistrains isolated in the present study showed resistance to gentamicin.E. colistrains from the Piedade samples showed 33% resistance to chloramphenicol and the strains also showed multiresistance to several antimicrobial agents with a MAR index ranging from 0.12 to 0.31.Vibriostrains from Piedade, Itaóca, and Suruí showed 86%, 78%, and 85% resistance, respectively, to ampicillin. The isolatedVibriostrains showed multiresistance to several antimicrobial agents, with a MAR index ranging from 0.12 to 0.25. The presence of these organisms in crab meat is an indication of microbial contamination, which may pose health risks to consumers when improperly cooked.

Value of semen parameters, with special reference to TNF-α, in predicting the quality of boar semen after short-term storage

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janko Mrkun ◽  
Marjan Kosec ◽  
Petra Zrimšek
Keyword(s):  
Semen Quality ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Progressive Motility ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Semen Storage ◽  
Boar Semen ◽  
Α Level ◽  
Term Storage

The aim of this study was to address the question whether changes in boar semen quality after short-term storage could be predicted on the basis of standard semen parameters and TNF-α level determined on the day of semen collection under commercial conditions. Progressive motility showed the highest positive correlation with morphology on day 0 of collection, and progressive motility on day 3 (P < 0.05) showed a negative correlation with acrosome abnormalities (P < 0.05). According to the area under receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves (AUCs), progressive motility could also be used in predicting semen quality after 3 days of storage (AUC > 0.5; P < 0.05). TNF-α in seminal plasma is the only parameter measured on day 0 to show a significant correlation with the percentage of viable spermatozoa after 3 days of semen storage (r = 0.495, P < 0.05). ROC analysis shows that TNF-α level is helpful in discriminating viability outcome after semen storage (AUC = 0.94, P < 0.001). We can predict with 92.35% certainty that fresh semen samples with more than 150 pg/ml of TNF-α in the seminal plasma will retain more than 85% of viable spermatozoa after 3 days of storage. Thus, TNF-α can contribute to predicting the quality of short-term stored semen.

105 Increasing fertility of interspecific hybrid males using biotechnological approaches

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 159
Author(s):  
A. Vetokh ◽  
A. Tadzhieva ◽  
B. Iolchiev ◽  
N. Volkova ◽  
V. Bagirov
Keyword(s):  
Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Interspecific Hybrid ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Differential Staining ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Sperm Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Russian Science

The results of AI depend on many factors, with the quality of semen being one of the most important. Not all male hybrids can meet the requirements for semen quality, because they often have reduced fertility following cryopreservation. Thus, it is necessary to improve semen processing before use in AI. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of using the “swim-up” flotation method to improve sperm quality of hybrid males of the Ovis genus. Semen from interspecific hybrid rams (1/4 Argali×3/4 Romanov, n=15; 1/8 Argali×7/8 Romanov, n=15) was freshly obtained, frozen–thawed, and processed by the swim-up method. Evaluation of sperm motility was determined using computer-assisted semen analysis. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS vs.15.0 (ANOVA and t-test; SPSS Inc.). Semen was collected during the breeding season (October–December) via artificial vagina. Assessment of acrosome integrity was determined using differential staining with a Diachem diff-quick kit (NPF ABRIS+). The degree of sperm DNA fragmentation was determined using the acridine-orange test. The sperm freezing/thawing cycle was accompanied by sperm damage and an increase in the proportion of immobile sperm from 10 to 58%, with non-progressive movement increasing from 9 to 19.3%. The number of spermatozoa with abnormal morphology doubled, and the DNA fragmentation index increased from 16 to 26%. Use of the swim-up procedure allowed us to sort progressively motile spermatozoa. The content of progressively motile spermatozoa in the samples obtained from the supernatant was 86%, which was 2.3 times higher than in frozen–thawed sperm (P≤0,01). The obtained results show the effective use of the swim-up procedure to determine the quality of semen in hybrid rams. These studies were carried out with financial support from the Russian Science Foundation, grant No. 18-16-00079 and the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation.

23 Sperm quality of Pure Spanish stallions is affected by inbreeding coefficient and age

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Y. Pirosanto ◽  
M. Valera ◽  
A. Molina ◽  
J. Dorado ◽  
S. Demyda-Peyrás
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Inbreeding Depression ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Inbreeding Coefficient ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Computer Assisted

Inbreeding depression, a genetic condition produced by the mating of close-related individuals, has been associated with a reduction of fertility in several species. However, a loss in sperm quality was also associated with age. In horses, the few existing reports have described a tendency of both parameters to produce a negative effect on sperm quality. However, those reports were performed using a subjective evaluation of sperm motility. In the present study, a total of 692 ejaculates from 86 Pure Spanish stallions (PRE), aged between 3 and 22 years, were evaluated using a computer-assisted methodology to determine the effect of inbreeding in four semen parameters: free-gel volume (V), sperm concentration (C, by haemocytometer), and total (TM) and progressive (PM) sperm motility (by Spermvision sperm class analyser; Minitube). The inbreeding coefficient (F) was estimated using 300 000 PRE pedigree records approximately (minimum pedigree depth, eight equivalent complete generations; range, between 1 and 30.1%). Stallion, age, ejaculate, and season of semen collection were the variables included in the statistical model (general linear model), with ejaculate and season being the variables with a major effect (by variance components analysis). Our results showed that sperm concentration (r=−0.18; P&lt;0.0001) and volume (to a lesser extent) were reduced with advancing age, both showing a major decline after 15 years of age. To the contrary, sperm motility was not affected by age of the stallion. We also found a negative correlation between the inbreeding coefficient and ejaculate volume (r=−0.14; P&lt;0.001), with a marked decrease seen when F was between 7 and 20%. Also, a negative correlation was observed in PM (r=−0.08; P&lt;0.05), although to a lower extent. Conversely, C and TM were not affected by inbreeding depression (P&gt;0.05). In conclusion, our results demonstrated that high levels of inbreeding can compromise severely the sperm quality of the PRE stallion, which, subsequently, may have a negative influence on fertility. Ongoing studies using genomic data will help to detect genetic variants associated with stallion semen quality and how it is influenced by inbreeding in specific genomic regions.

The use of butylated hydroxytoluene in cryopreservation of boar semen

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
Monika Trzcińska ◽  
Magdalena Baryła
Keyword(s):  
Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Annexin V ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Butylated Hydroxytoluene ◽  
Preimplantation Embryos ◽  
Progressive Motility ◽  
Boar Semen ◽  
Boar Spermatozoa

The objective of the study was to determine the effect of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) on the quality and fertilizing capacity of frozen-thawed (FT) boar semen. Semen from five boars (36 ejaculates) was resuspended in lactose-egg yolk-glycerol extender supplemented with 0 (control), 1.0 (R1), 1.5 (R2) or 2.0 mM BHT (R3). Sperm quality was assessed based on motility (CASA; TM: total motility; PM: progressive motility), phosphatidylserine (PS) translocation across the plasma membrane (Annexin-V-FLuos Staining Kit) and DNA fragmentation (TUNEL Assay). The FT semen was also used for intrauterine artificial insemination (AI) of synchronized gilts. The fertilizing capacity of the FT semen was assessed on the basis of the gilt insemination rate and the number of morphologically normal embryos. The quality of the preimplantation embryos was determined by observing a TUNEL-positive reaction. The highest percentage of progressive motile and viable spermatozoa was noted in extender R3 (74.8 ±4.4% and 63.7 ±5.8%), as compared with the control (38.3 ±2.8% and 36.1 ±2.6%). The addition of BHT to the extender did not increase early apoptotic changes in the frozen-thawed spermatozoa with respect to the control. Irrespective of the variant of the extender, cryopreservation and thawing did not induce fragmentation in the boar spermatozoa. The highest number of morphologically normal embryos from inseminated gilts was observed in the case of semen cryopreserved in extender supplemented with 1.5 mM BHT. No significant differences were observed in DNA fragmentation in the expanded blastocysts from gilts inseminated with FT semen cryopreserved in the extenders analysed.

Assessment of the Microbiological Quality of Meat Pies from Retail Sale in England 2013

2016 ◽  
Vol 79 (5) ◽  
pp. 781-788 ◽  
Author(s):  
JIM McLAUCHLIN ◽  
HEATHER AIRD ◽  
ANDRE CHARLETT ◽  
NICOLA ELVISS ◽  
ANDREW FOX ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Foodborne Illness ◽  
Indicator Organisms ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Microbiological Parameters ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Coagulase Positive Staphylococci

ABSTRACT Outbreaks of foodborne illness caused by Bacillus cereus and Listeria monocytogenes in England associated with meat pie consumption were detected in 2012. To obtain baseline data for pies unrelated to outbreaks, 862 samples of ready-to-eat meat pies were collected at retail or from catering facilities in England in 2013 and examined to enumerate food-poisoning bacteria and indicator organisms using Organization for Standardization (ISO) methods for Listeria spp. including L. monocytogenes (ISO 11290), Clostridium perfringens (ISO 21528), coagulase-positive staphylococci including Staphylococcus aureus (ISO 6888), Bacillus spp. including B. cereus (ISO 1737), Escherichia coli (ISO 16649), Enterobacteriaceae (ISO 21528), and aerobic colony counts (ACCs; ISO 4833). Microbiological quality was satisfactory in 94% of samples, borderline in 5%, and unsatisfactory in 1%. The proportion of pies from markets that were borderline or unsatisfactory significantly increased, and the proportion of borderline or unsatisfactory pies from supermarkets significantly decreased. Among the refrigerated (0 to 15°C) pies, microbiological quality significantly decreased in pies stored at &gt;8°C and further significantly decreased at in pies stored at ambient temperature (&gt;15 to 25°C). Samples collected at 25 to 40°C had the highest proportion of borderline or unsatisfactory results, but results improved in pies stored at &gt;40°C. The most common cause for borderline or unsatisfactory results was elevated ACCs (5% of all samples). Within the individual microbiological parameters, borderline or unsatisfactory results resulted from elevated Enterobacteriaceae or Bacillus levels (10 samples for each), C. perfringens levels (2 samples), and S. aureus or E. coli levels (1 sample each). L. monocytogenes was recovered from one pie at &lt;10 CFU/g. A literature review revealed a range of microbiological hazards responsible for food poisoning and meat pie consumption, and surveillance data from 1992 to 2012 from England indicated that C. perfringens was the most commonly reported cause of outbreaks of foodborne illness.

scholarly journals A comparative study of boar semen extenders with different proposed preservation times and their effect on semen quality and fertility

2016 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Anastasia Karageorgiou ◽  
Georgios Tsousis ◽  
Constantin M. Boscos ◽  
Eleni D. Tzika ◽  
Panagiotis D. Tassis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Semen Collection ◽  
Chromatin Integrity ◽  
Boar Semen ◽  
Short Time

The present study compared the quality characteristics of boar semen diluted with three extenders of different proposed preservation times (short-term, medium-term and long-term). A part of extended semen was used for artificial insemination on the farm (30 sows/extender), while the remaining part was stored for three days (16–18 °C). Stored and used semen was also laboratory assessed at insemination time, on days 1 and 2 after the collection (day 0). The long-term extender was used for a short time, within 2 days from semen collection, with the aim to investigate a possible advantage over the others regarding laboratory or farm fertility indicators at the beginning of the preservation time. Viability, motility, kinetic indicators, morphology and DNA fragmentation were estimated. The results showed reduced viability, higher values for most of the kinetics, and higher immotile spermatozoa from day 1 to day 2 in all extenders; however, the long-term extender was superior compared to the other two on both days. With regard to morphology and chromatin integrity, the percentage of abnormal and fragmented spermatozoa increased on day 2 compared to day 1 for all of the extenders. However, based on the farrowing rate and the number of piglets born alive after the application of conventional artificial insemination within 2 days from semen collection/dilution, it was found that the medium-term diluents were more effective. In conclusion, it seems that the in vivo fertilization process involves more factors than simply the quality of laboratory evaluated sperm indicators, warranting further research.

scholarly journals Bacterial Assessment of Unpasteurized Fruit Juices Sold in Port Harcourt, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Constancy Prisca Aleru ◽  
Vivian Nkemkanma Agi ◽  
Kingsley Njoku
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Juices ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Heterotrophic Plate Count ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Tiger Nuts ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

This study assessed the bacterial quality of fresh fruit juices sold in some restaurants in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. A total of twenty (20) fruit juice samples were collected from four (4) different types of fruit juices sold at four (4) different restaurants. The fruits that were used for this study are: Orange, Watermelon, Pineapple and Tiger nuts. Samples of the fruit juices were collected for bacteriological assessment using heterotrophic plate count and most probable number techniques, while CHRO Magar for E. coli and other coliforms was used for the detection of E. coli. The results showed that E. coli, Bacillus spp, Klebsiella spp, Streptococcus spp and Staphylococcus spp were present in the fruit juices. The results of the heterotrophic plate count showed that the bacterial count ranged from 2.7 x 102 (Orange) to 7.1 x 103 (Tiger nuts), while the results of the total coliform count ranged from 11 MPN/100 ml to 28 MPN/100 ml. However, the study revealed that the total E. coli count ranged from 0 to 7. The number of E. coli in each of the fruit juices and restaurants ranged from 6 to 13, Bacillus spp 12 to 19, Klebsiella spp 4 to 10, Streptococcus spp 6 to 11 and Staphylococcus spp 4 to 13. Bacillus spp had the highest percentage (31.4%), followed by Staphylococcus spp (20.1%). The highest percentage of bacteria was recovered from Tiger nuts (29.4%), followed by Watermelon (28.4%). Regular monitoring of the quality of fresh fruit juices sold in restaurants in Port Harcourt and other parts of Nigeria should therefore be enforced.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document