scholarly journals Ego sentio, ergō sum!

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emir Ashursky
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Infinite Number ◽  
Correct Answer ◽  
Natural Systems ◽  
Subjective Reality ◽  
Progressive Development ◽  
Mental Picture ◽  
Spatiotemporal Parameters ◽  
Mind's Eye ◽  
The Universe

The article offered to your attention is, in substance, a series of conceptually connected excerpts from authorial treatise on the psychological background of pre-cognitive brain activism and some little-known hidden features of the functioning of the higher nervous system. Well and besides, a couple of chapters are devoted here to the innate physiological asymmetry of the hemispheres, and also to the denial of the relevance of true free will to humans. But in general, by and large, in his scientific views the author tries to adhere to the idea of the subjective reality of emotions and the relative illusory nature of sensations. In its spirit, this position is most likely close to Lenin’s than to the earlier - the German classical one (the founder is H. von Helmholtz). The latter, we recall, exactly one and a half centuries ago, developed own theory of perception, whereby subjective images do not resemble the objective qualities of perceived things, but are just their abstract signs (characters). That is, any momentary perception was determined, according to Helmholtz, by the "habitual means" already formed in a given individual, due to which the constancy of the visible world is preserved. While in this article the link between an object and a corresponding mental picture - vice versa - is rather considered as a relation of homomorphism between two non-equinumerous sets. However, to say that such homomorphic images of the same object can, in principle, exist an infinite number - this, perhaps, would be the easiest here. That’s why the author is willy-nilly forced sometimes to turn in the mind's eye to the hierarchical evolution of natural systems (starting from the primary monads) in the context of the progressive development of their psyche. And as far as the actuality around us is concerned, then final correct answer about the sought-for type of the mapping would, obviously, first of all depend here on the spatiotemporal parameters of the Universe and the comprehensive set of quantum characteristics of 5 (at least) stable elementary particles that have lied at the origins of being.

scholarly journals The universe is a collection of self-driven mathematical entities; subjective consciousness is the use of mathematical models by a Turing machine

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyang Yu
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Particle ◽  
Turing Machine ◽  
World Line ◽  
Conscious Experience ◽  
Physical Interaction ◽  
External Observer ◽  
Objective Reality ◽  
Technical Limitation ◽  
Subjective Reality ◽  
The Universe

Humans are limited in what they know by the technical limitation of their cortical language network. A reality is a situation model. The universe is a collection of self-driven mathematical entities. If we are happy to accept randomness, it’s obviously possible that all other so-called “worlds” in the many-worlds interpretation don’t exist objectively. The so-called “physical interaction” (aka objective interaction) among any number of elementary particles is consistent with the so-called “physical law”. From the viewpoint of an imagined external observer (who is located somewhere outside of all worlds), in all worlds, every self-driven elementary particle is changing its state to match its fated state, together form a single fated self-driven state machine; the so-called “subjective reality” (aka the so-called “subjective conscious experience”) is actually the use of a mathematical model (MM) by a Turing machine (TM). The so-called “subjective reality” shouldn’t be able to alter/impact the fated world line of any elementary particle within this world. Except one objective MM which is a fitted MM of the objective reality, every other causality is not an objective MM but a Granger causality, and is an under-fitted MM of the objective reality.

Reconstructing the Crime

Impact! ◽  
1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerrit L. Verschuur
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Diversity ◽  
Blast Waves ◽  
Meteor Showers ◽  
Rapid Succession ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The World ◽  
Cretaceous Period ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mind's Eye ◽  
The Universe

Just what happened to the dinosaurs? In the mind’s eye, travel back to the Cretaceous period, 65 million years ago. First, land in a region of the world that will someday be called Oklahoma. You are in the era of dinosaurs, although there are no longer as many species about, worldwide, as there were ten million or so years before. In all, 23 species roam their individual parts of the planet. It is their lack of spatial diversity that will make them vulnerable to the catastrophe that is about to befall the earth. So imagine you are there, together with triceratops, stegosaurus, velociraptors, and tyrannosaurus rex. Mostly they live off the land, and some of them live off each other. On this day none of the animals on earth can possibly have any awareness that they are about to disappear. Such a luxury will only be granted to a conscious species that has learned to explore the universe. For those who survive the initial impact explosion and its immediate consequences, the coming months will mark a terrible example of one of Cuvier’s “brief periods of terror.” In rapid succession, all life will be subject to a holocaust of staggering proportion, horrendous blast waves, searing winds, showers of molten matter from the sky, earthquakes, a terrible darkness that will cut out sunlight for a year, and freezing weather that will last a decade. The ozone layer will be destroyed, and acid rain will make life intolerable for species that survived the first few months after the impact. You are there and you have been observing an odd phenomenon in the sky. For thousands of years a great comet has loomed, repeatedly lighting up the heavens with its glorious tail and then fading away to reappear a few years later. Long ago it was seen to break into fragments, each of which was a spectacular sight in its own right. Sometimes one of those fragments seemed to loom ever so close to the earth. For thousands of years, spectacular meteor showers have been seen whenever the earth passed through the tail of one of those comets, and sometimes dust drifted down into the atmosphere and disturbed the climate.

Thermodynamic Terms

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greg M. Anderson ◽  
David A. Crerar
Keyword(s):  
Solar System ◽  
Surface Effects ◽  
Equilibrium States ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Natural Systems ◽  
Gravitational Fields ◽  
Energy Transfers ◽  
A Minor ◽  
The Universe

Thermodynamics is the science that deals with energy differences and transfers between systems, and with systematizing and predicting what transfers will take place. Such fundamental topics naturally find application in all branches of science, and have been of interest since the earliest beginnings of science. In general, since we are dealing with energy transfers between systems, most of what follows has to do with what the entities (equilibrium states) are from which and to which energy is being transferred, and the boundaries or walls through which or by which the transfer is effected. It is in these considerations that we first see the differences between natural systems (reality) and our models of these systems. System refers to any part of the universe we care to choose, whether the contents of a crucible, a cubic centimeter in the middle of a cooling magma, or the solar system. Depending on the nature of the discussion, it must be more or less clearly defined and separated (in fact or in thought) from the rest of the universe, which then becomes known as the system's surroundings. At the outset, we will effect an enormous simplification by considering only systems that are unaffected by electrical, magnetic, or gravitational fields, and in which particles are sufficiently large that surface effects can be neglected. Each of these topics can be incorporated into the basic thermodynamic network to be developed, but it is a nuisance to carry them all along from the beginning, and a great deal can be done without considering them at all. More exactly, a great deal can be done if we choose to consider systems where these fields and surfaces play a minor role. Clearly we would not get very far if we tried to understand the solar system without considering gravitational fields. Chemical and geochemical problems however commonly do not need to have these factors included in order to be understood. In science, when a problem or a phenomenon such as the solar system or the boiling of water is said to be understood, what is usually meant is that we have a model of the phenomenon which is satisfactory at some level, and about which virtually all scientists agree.

Seneca on Comets and Ancient Cometary Theory in Natural Questions 7

Ramus ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gareth Williams
Keyword(s):  
The Right ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Mind's Eye ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Insight Into

Seneca's focus on comets inNatural Questions7 concentrates our attention on a phenomenon that is in a sense familiar but so distant, known but so unknown; they are obscurities that ‘both fill and escape our eyes’ (7.30.4), and which challenge us to project the mind's eye beyond the limits of our ordinary vision as we seek insight into nature's mysteries. The broad aim of this paper is to argue that Seneca's treatment of comets shapes, and actively applies in inventive ways within the text, a mindset that moves restlessly from narrow, more ‘terrestrial’ ways of reflecting upon the universe towards an unfettered mode of investigation that looks daringly beyond the limits of the visible and known to speculate on what lies beyond. This mindset proceeds by conjecture and ‘neither with any assurance of finding [the truth] nor without hope’ (7.29.3), but it nevertheless follows the ‘right’ (Senecan) path even in possible error: it reaches dynamically beyond conventional confines—in this case, the zodiac—to engage with the universal immensity in ways that aspire to that main Senecan goal in theNatural Questionsas whole, ‘to see the all with the mind’ (cf.animo omne uidisse, 3 pref. 10).

The “Amnestic” or “Korsakow's” Syndrome, with Alcoholic Ætiology; An Analysis of Thirty Cases

1915 ◽  
Vol 61 (254) ◽  
pp. 424-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Moll
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Head Trauma ◽  
Principal Factor ◽  
Mental Picture

Charcot was the first to notice the occurrence of amnesia in some of his patients suffering from alcohol-neuritis. Korsakow studied this peculiar kind of amnesia more elaborately. He regarded this condition as a disease sui generis, which could arise also from other causes besides abuse of alcohol, and used the name “polyneuritic psychosis.” It was later recognised that the same mental picture could exist without accompanying neuritis. Jolly proposed the name “amnestic” or “Korsakow's” syndrome, regarding it as a modus of reaction of the nervous system to various harmful agents, viz., head-trauma, senium, infections, poisons—alcohol being the most frequent cause of this reaction. Most later writers agree with this view. I shall deal in this paper with the cases of thirty patients, who, at some time during their illness, presented this syndrome; I have not included any cases in which alcohol could not be regarded as the principal factor.

scholarly journals Study of black hole as dissipative structure using negentropy

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (10) ◽  
pp. 960-966
Author(s):  
Shripad P. Mahulikar ◽  
Pallavi Rastogi
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
Black Hole ◽  
Event Horizon ◽  
Theoretical Investigation ◽  
Infinite Number ◽  
Dissipative Structure ◽  
Dissipative Structures ◽  
Area Theorem ◽  
Entropy Increase ◽  
The Universe

The area of the event horizon of a black hole (Aeh) is so far linked only with its entropy (SBH). In this theoretical investigation, it is shown that relating Aeh only to SBH is inadequate, because Aeh is linked to the black hole’s negentropy, which encompasses its entropy. Increasing Aeh of black holes that grow now follows from the negentropy theorem (NET) and also from the well-known area theorem. The decreasing Aeh of black holes that decay follows from the converse to NET and is not a violation of the area theorem. The corollary to NET is proved for the case when two dissipative structures merge, which is the basis for the coalescence of black holes. The converse of corollary to NET explains negentropy loss due to splitting of a dissipative structure. When applied to black hole explosion (i.e., splitting into an infinite number of parts), converse of corollary to NET reduces to converse of NET. The entropy/energy ratio of the exported Hawking radiance from black holes contributes to the entropy increase of the universe. These aspects justify the consideration of black holes as thermodynamic dissipative structures.

scholarly journals Is it Possible to Stabilize the Earth Climate by Transition to Renewable Energy?

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
V.S. Arutyunov
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Ir Radiation ◽  
Natural Systems ◽  
Progressive Development ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Future Global Warming ◽  
Intellectual Potential

The evolution of the Universe proceeds through the persistent complication of the appearing objects. As the constituent objects become more complex, the intensity of their energy exchange with the environment increases, which is necessary to counteract entropic processes. Our Civilization is the most complex of the natural systems, with the development of which its energy consumption has constantly increased and will inevitably increase in the future. This will happen regardless of the sources of energy, be it fossil hydrocarbons, thermonuclear energy, or solar radiation, which is the only primary source of all renewable energy. The use of the latter on a global scale will reduce the Earth’s albedo. Maintaining the thermal balance of the Earth by increasing the emission of low-potential IR radiation into space will require an increase in surface temperature. Thus, the current strategy of managing climate processes by reducing greenhouse gas emissions is in princi¬ple not capable of preventing the inevitable future global warming caused by the progressive development of Civilization, but will require enormous funds, energy, natural resources and intellectual potential. Until more realistic ideas about the ways of development of Civilization and the corresponding strategic decisions are put forward, the most rational tactic of our relationship with the environment is not to stave off inevitable changes, but to prepare for them.

scholarly journals .The mathematical nature of the universe and consciousness: the universe is a collection of self-driven mathematical entities; consciousness is a Turing machine’s subjective mathematical model of the objective universe

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyang Yu
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Particle ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
World Line ◽  
Conscious Experience ◽  
Many Worlds ◽  
External Observer ◽  
Objective Reality ◽  
Technical Limitation ◽  
Subjective Reality ◽  
The Universe

Humans are limited in what they know by the technical limitation of their cortical language network. A reality is a situation model. The universe is a collection of self-driven mathematical entities. If we are happy to accept randomness, it’s obviously possible that all other so-called “worlds” in the many-worlds interpretation don’t exist objectively. From the viewpoint of an imagined external observer (who is located somewhere outside of all worlds), in all worlds, every self-driven elementary particle is changing its state to match its fated state, together form a single fated self-driven state machine; the so-called “subjective reality” (aka the so-called “subjective conscious experience”) is actually the use of a mathematical model (MM) by a Turing machine (TM). The so-called “subjective reality” shouldn’t be able to alter/impact the fated world line of any elementary particle within this world. Except one objective MM which is a fitted MM of the objective reality, every other causality is not an objective MM but a Granger causality, and is an under-fitted MM of the objective reality.

scholarly journals Die Erschaffung der Realität

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claus Janew
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Question ◽  
The Other ◽  
Main Argument ◽  
Freedom Of Choice ◽  
Subjective Reality ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Working Together ◽  
The Universe

Das Hauptargument dieses Buches ist die unleugbare Offenheit jedes Systems zum Unbekannten hin. Und die Grundfrage lautet: Was ergibt sich aus dieser Offenheit? Wir sind ein Teil des unendlichen Universums und eine Verkörperung seiner Ganzheit. Beides bedeutet für uns eine individualisierte Wirklichkeit, durch die sich das Universum ausdrückt und durch die es andererseits mit gebildet wird. Es bedeutet ebenfalls unsere Notwendigkeit, Wichtigkeit und Unzerstörbarkeit für die Gesamtheit seiner Verkörperungen. Die meisten Verbindungen untereinander sind uns kaum bewusst. Indessen gewährleistet die Infinitesimalstruktur allen Bewusstseins nicht nur die logische Widerspruchsfreiheit dieser Verbindungen, sondern auch die unaufhebbare Wahlfreiheit jedes einzelnen Individuums. Unser Ziel kann jedoch keineswegs darin liegen, vollkommen bewusst zu entscheiden. Verantwortung schließt Spontanität beziehungsweise das Vertrauen auf ein sinnvolles Zusammenwirken der Kräfte ein. Wir werden unserer Rolle im Gesamtzusammenhang zunehmend gewahr und lernen, einen optimalen Beitrag zur Werterfüllung aller Individuen, einschließlich uns selbst, zu leisten. Jenseits der vermeintlichen Unterschiede zwischen objektiver und subjektiver Wirklichkeit begreifen wir, dass wir unsere Realität aus unserem tiefsten Innern heraus erschaffen.The main argument in this book is the undeniable openness of every system to the unknown. And the fundamental question goes: What does this openness produce? We are a part of the infinite universe and an incorporation of its wholeness. Both for us means an individualized reality, through which the universe expresses itself and on the other hand through which it is built up with. It also means our necessity, importance and indestructibility for the sum of its incorporations. Most connections among ourselves are hardly conscious for us. Meanwhile the infinitesimality structure of all consciousness guarantees not only the logical lack of inconsistency of these connections but also the freedom of choice of every individual. Our goal by no means can be to decide completely consciously. Responsibility contains spontaneity or rather trust in a meaningful working together of the forces. We increasingly become aware of our role in the entire relationship and we learn to contribute optimally to the value fulfillment of all individuals, ourselves included. Beyond the supposed differences between objective and subjective reality, we at some point of awareness comprehend that we create our reality out of our innermost depths.

The False Notion of Intention, Choice, and Inhibition

2018 ◽  
pp. 150-159
Author(s):  
Erwin B. Montgomery
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Antisocial Behavior ◽  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Infinite Number ◽  
Frontal Lobes ◽  
Allopathic Medicine ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Metaphysical Presupposition

A ubiquitous metaphysical presumption in medicine, particularly in neurology, derives from Aristotle’s notion of contraries. The variety within a domain of phenomena can be considered as some mixture of a few components. For example, a grayscale continuum is not an infinite number of shades of gray but rather varying mixtures of black and white. This metaphysical presupposition provides an enormous economization of principles critical to allopathic medicine and research. Epistemically and ontologically, this results in methodological, ontological, and theoretical reductionism. The presupposition leads to one-dimensional push–pull dynamics. In neurology, this metaphysical presupposition resulted in a notion of hierarchy in the physiology of the nervous system affected by inhibition. This led to notions of potentiality, intention, and choice creating problematic notions and misunderstandings. For example, the popular notion that the role of the frontal lobes prevents antisocial behavior, suggesting its potentiality, leaves unanswered the question of what is inhibited by the intact frontal lobe?

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