scholarly journals Asimilasi dalam Keluarga Perkawinan antar Etnik Perempuan Batak Toba dan Laki-laki Tionghoa di Doloksanggul Sumatera Utara

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Dinata Lumban Gaol ◽  
Ichwan Azhari ◽  
Fikarwin Zuska
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Social Process ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Cultural Backgrounds ◽  
Cultural Elements ◽  
Mixed Marriages ◽  
Or Groups ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Toba Batak

The purposes of this study are to analyze; (1) the process of mixed marriages or assimilation between the marriages of Toba Batak women and Tionghoa Men in Doloksanggul. (2) the important factors encouraging mixed marriages between Batak Toba women and Tionghoa men in Doloksanggul, and (3) the mixed marriages harmony between Toba Batak women and Tionghoa Men in Doloksanggul. This research is qualitative method. The results of this study are; cultural assimilation: the process of adopting values, beliefs, dogmas, language ideologies and symbol systems of an ethnic group or various groups for the formation of values, beliefs, dogmas, language ideology and symbolic systems of a new ethnic groups. Structural assimilation: the process of penetrating the culture of ethnic groups into other ethnic cultures through primary groups such as family, close friends. In the marriage assimilation, or often called physical assimilation that occurs because of inter-ethnic or inter-racial marriages, produces a new ethnicities or races, which have different cultures, there is an association among individuals or groups intensively and in a relatively long time. People from different cultural backgrounds, interacting directly intensively for a long time which changed their form into elements of mixed culture. Usually, the groups involved in an assimilation process are a majority group and some minority groups that change the specific characteristics of their cultural elements and adapt them to the culture of the majority, so that gradually they lose their cultural personality and produce the majority culture. The conclusion of this field research is that; the interaction between ethnic Tionghoa and Toba Batak in Doloksanggul expressing a pattern of adaptation in an associative social process. The interaction is carried out in the form of accommodation and cooperation and acculturation. The pattern of interaction carried out by Tionghoa ethnic is as their effort to be a part of participating as Doloksanggul community members. Although the adjustment referred to is still more economic in nature, anthropologically it can be seen as a part of the social process towards social harmony and social integration.

scholarly journals AKULTURASI DAN ASIMILASI ORNAMEN GORGA BATAK TOBA DALAM ARSITEKTUR GEREJA KATOLIK ST MIKAEL, PANGURURAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 223
Author(s):  
Polin Marsahala Simanjuntak ◽  
Yusuf Affendi ◽  
Sangayu Ketut Laksemi
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Social Process ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
Cultural Elements ◽  
Visual Form ◽  
The People ◽  
Toba Batak ◽  
Behavioral Attitudes ◽  
The Relationship

<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>Humans as dynamic creatures who have the creativity, taste and intention in their lives. Therefore, humans always try to interact by using the natural environment as a source to meet certain needs. From this interaction the emergence of culture in society can be seen from the production of cultural artifacts such as cutlery, homes and decoration or ornaments. North Sumatra is an area in Indonesia which has many ethnic groups in the region, one of them is Batak. The Toba Batak ethnic is known for his diversity of skills as a medium for expressing people's ideas in a visual form. This visual form plays a role in the development of culture and communicates the values of the beliefs and customs of the people. Ornaments or ornaments on the Toba Batak traditional house are often referred to as Gorga. Gorga is a message of desire and advice that comes from knowledge, hope, thoughts, behavioral attitudes, and beauty to be communicated. The entry of Christianity became one of the new cultural elements of the Toba Batak customs. The Toba Batak experienced a social process characterized by efforts to reduce these differences. This process of assimilation and acculturation allows cultures and ethnic groups to adapt to other cultures. This change can refer to attitudes, values, and identity, even the Gorga ornament itself in the Toba Batak architecture. Gorga ornaments undergo a process of acculturation and assimilation so that it starts to be widely applied to modern public buildings. The church as a symbol of the relationship with the creator needs ornaments to carry implied meanings. The meaning of ornament that was understood before, from the understanding of Toba Batak cultural traditions experienced a constructive shift in meaning towards the understanding of church tradition. This gives enthusiasm, as well as an opportunity to preserve and develop local wisdom and values of the Toba Batak community in the life of modern society. </p><p><br /> <br /><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Manusia sebagai mahluk yang dinamis yang memiliki cipta, rasa dan karsa dalam kehidupannya. Oleh karena itu, manusia senantiasa berupaya berinteraksi dengan menggunakan alam lingkungan sebagai salah satu sumber untuk memenuhi kebutuhan tertentu. Dari interaksi inilah munculnya kebudayaan dalam masyarakat yang dapat dilihat dari dihasilkannya artefak artefak budaya seperti peralatan makan, rumah tinggal dan ragam hias atau ornamen. Sumatera Utara merupakan daerah di Indonesia yang memiliki banyak etnis suku di wilayahnya salah satunya suku Batak. Etnis Batak Toba dikenal dengan keaneka ragaman keterampilan sebagai suatu media ungkapan ide masyarakat dalam bentuk visual. Bentuk visual inilah yang berperan dalam pengembangan kebudayaan serta mengkomunikasikan nilai-nilai kepercayaan dan adat istiadat masyarakatnya. Ornamen atau ragam hias pada rumah adat Batak Toba sering disebut dengan istilah Gorga. Gorga merupakan suatu pesan hasrat dan nasehat yang bersumber dari pengetahuan, harapan, buah pikiran, sikap perilaku, dan keindahan yang hendak dikomunikasikan. Masuknya agama Kristen menjadi salah satu unsur kebudayaan baru pada adat istiadat Batak Toba. Batak Toba mengalami suatu proses sosial yang ditandai dengan adanya usaha-usaha mengurangi perbedaan-perbedaan tersebut. Proses  asimilasi dan akulturasi ini memungkinkan budaya dan kelompok etnis menyesuaikan diri dengan budaya yang lain. Perubahan ini dapat merujuk kepada sikap,nilai, dan jati diri, bahkan ornamen  Gorga itu sendiri  pada  arsitektur Batak Toba. Ornamen Gorga mengalami proses akulturasi dan asimilasi sehingga mulai banyak diterapkan pada bangunan publik modern. Gereja sebagai simbol hubungan dengan pencipta membutuhkan ornamen untuk membawa makna-makna yang tersirat. Makna ornamen yang dipahami sebelumnya, dari pemahaman tradisi budaya Batak Toba mengalami pergeseran makna yang konstruktif terhadap pemahaman tradisi gereja. Hal tersebut memberikan semangat, serta kesempatan untuk melestarikan serta mengembangkan kearifan lokal dan nilai-nilai masyarakat Batak Toba ke dalam kehidupan masyarakat modern.</p>

scholarly journals A TOLERANSI POLITIK ETNIS TIONGHOA DI PROVINSI KEPULAUAN BANGKA BELITUNG

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-177
Author(s):  
Eliza Eliza ◽  
Fajrina Aprillia
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Social Process ◽  
Cultural Backgrounds ◽  
Ethnic Chinese ◽  
The People ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Religion And Ethnicity ◽  
Selection Of

In Bangka Belitung, Malay ethnic and Chinese ethnic have been assimilated for a long time. According to Koentjaningrat (2009: 209), assimilation is a social process that arises when there are: (a) groups of people with different cultural backgrounds, (b) interacting directly with each other intensively for long periods of time so that, (c ) the cultures of the groups each changed to adapt to mixed cultures, the purpose of this study was to find out the factors that were considered by the Chinese in choosing legislative members. The method used in this study is a mix method, which is a quantitative research method used to facilitate qualitative research. The results of this study are that there are several factors that become ethnic Chinese considerations in selecting legislative members, namely considering the area in the selection of legislative members, choosing candidates for legislative members based on attention to the people, honest people and representing the religion and ethnicity of the community.

scholarly journals Culture-Centered Counseling to Growing Culture Empathy in The mids of The Interethnic Conflicts in Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Novaili Novaili
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Ethnic Conflict ◽  
Cultural Backgrounds ◽  
Cultural Empathy ◽  
Or Groups ◽  
Sample Test ◽  
Research Experiment ◽  
Culture Centered ◽  
Counseling Model

<p>This research was carried out in Indonesia , a country which can be said to have a wide variety of cultures where it is very possible for conflicts and friction between ethnic groups to emerge. The reason for the researchers who formed the background for this research in Indonesia, is because in reality Indonesia faces a fairly serious problem in terms of relations with ethnicity or groups and becomes a problem that has not yet been resolved . The purpose of this study is to examine the effectiveness of culture-centered counseling to foster cultural empathy in the midst of inter-ethnic conflict in Indonesia , the type of research this is a research experiment with the design of the study <em>one shot-case stud. </em>The subjects of this study were nine people who consisted of various cultural backgrounds . Data were collected using a cultural empathy questionnaire and tested using a <em>one-sample test </em>. Based on the results of the <em>one-sample test the </em>subjects of a counseling model centered on culture to foster cultural empathy in the midst of ethnic conflict in Indonesia are (t<sub>count </sub>66,947&gt; t <sub>table </sub>2,306 ). So this finding confirms that counseling centered on culture is effective in fostering cultural empathy amid conflicts between ethnic groups.</p>

Developing Distinctive Dress: Textiles and Clothing of the Katang and Mankhong Ethnic Groups of Southern Laos

Costume ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda S McIntosh
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Asian Country ◽  
East Asian Country ◽  
Development Bank ◽  
The People ◽  
Textiles And Clothing ◽  
Greater Mekong Subregion ◽  
East West

The Mainland South-east Asian country of Laos is renowned for its traditional costume composed of intricate hand-woven textiles. The woven material that is the focus of exhibits and publications are primarily produced by the politically dominant Lao and related groups, which together make up a small percentage of the sixty-eight ethnic groups recognized in Laos. The traditional textiles and dress of the people making up the minority groups, especially groups living in the southern region, are often overlooked. Information about the clothing and textiles of the Katang and Mankhong, two minority groups living in upland areas in southern Laos, has been limited. Field research conducted by the author revealed that Katang and Mankhong women, as the primary producers of cloth, have mastered weaving and other adorning techniques to decorate cloth with patterning. The weavers have utilized embroidery, supplementary weft, weft ikat, and supplementary warp techniques to develop distinctive textiles used as costume and ceremonial items. Over the last ten years, regional trade has developed rapidly in the area inhabited by the Katang and Mankhong due to Asian Development Bank sponsorship of such projects as the East–West Economic Corridor in the Greater Mekong Subregion. The distinctive heritage of these minority groups is at risk, but projects encouraging the production of their traditional attire may assist the Katang, Mankhong, and related groups in preserving their culture.

Hlengwe Memories of the Zimbabwean Liberation Struggle, 1975–1979

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Taderera Hebert Chisi
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
The South ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Liberation Struggle ◽  
Phd Thesis ◽  
Oral Evidence

The Hlengwe of the south-eastern lowveld of Zimbabwe are a minority group with a war history that remains largely unwritten. In Zimbabwe a lot has been written about the liberation struggle, covering the heroic acts and suffering of the Shona and Ndebele ethnic groups at the hands of colonial soldiers, but very little has been mentioned about minority groups such as the Hlengwe. Using oral evidence collected through interviews during the time of field research for my PhD thesis between 2014 and 2016, I analyse, in this article, memories of the Hlengwe about their participation in the struggle and their suffering at the hands of both the colonial soldiers and the liberation fighters or guerrillas. These memories reveal that the much-celebrated liberation struggle also had its “dark” side, which has been glossed over by most nationalistic scholars and patriotic historiography.

scholarly journals TURN-TAKING MARKER ETHNICAL BUGIS AND BETAWI AT INDONESIAN CONVERSION IN INDONESIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 179
Author(s):  
Juanda - Juanda ◽  
Aziz Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Flow Model ◽  
Data Retrieval ◽  
Cultural Backgrounds ◽  
Recording Technique ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Turn Taking ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Research Show

Abstract.The conversation uses marker’s in the turn-taking. Turn-taking for participants has characteristics based on cultural backgrounds for the ethnically involved as participants. The purpose of this research is to analyze the interaction in the conversation and turn -taking and its marker’s. This research is a descriptive research. This research was used the approach of conversation analysis. The sources of data were drawn from the oral dialogue of ethnic Betawi and Bugis ethnic groups. The data retrieval by recording technique. The data analysis using Flow Model (Miles and A. Michael Huberman). The results this research show the interaction of turn taking conversations in Bugis and Betawi ethnic groups was dominated by more senior speakers and who have extensive knowledge insight. More junior speakers have a minimum speech turn. Pause or silence is a long time going when the topic will change. Transition markers in turn-taking are generally greetings and calls like Hen, Hah, Iye, Kok, Yah, Hm., Aah, Kalogitu, Ok, Goodnoon Madam!  Good Afternoon Mas !, Yes, That, Lho, Nih. These markers are influenced by native language and ethnic backgrounds of the participants. Keywords: Markers, turn-taking, Bugis, and Betawi

scholarly journals Nomadic World, the Greco-Bactrian kingdom and China: ethno-cultural situation in the South of Central Asia in the 3rd – 2nd cent. BCE.

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 587-608
Author(s):  
Daniil Shulga ◽  
Jianwen Chen ◽  
Golovko Golovko
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
The South ◽  
Independent State ◽  
Cultural Elements ◽  
Foreign Literature ◽  
Mixed Marriages ◽  
The Given

After the dissolution of the Empire of Alexander of Macedon the layer of Hellenized aristocracy began to appear in Asia under the influence of mixed marriages and cultural syncretism. The announcement of the establishment of the independent state of Bactria made by Diodotus I triggered the appearance of a special culture, characterized by the mixture of Iranian, North Indian and Greek cultural elements. Ultimately, its subsequent spread to the East lead to influence on the China-dominated world. Based on all the mentioned above, the given article aspires to collect and analyze the data, primarily from narratives as sources and foreign literature, for the purpose of researching the processes that connected two ancient and very influential civilizations – Greece and China. The main stages of explicit and implicit relations between China and Hellenistic Bactria is defined. The role of nomad cultures in establishment of connections between West and East is determined and exemplified by the events of the 3rd century B.C. and the early 1st century B.C. Conditional character of the names, referred to nomad entities by ancient writers, is analyzed. We show the controversy of interpretation the given names with the ethnic groups in modern meaning as well as the range of sources on the relations between Greco-Bactrian Kingdom and China and their characteristics. Finally, we construe the equal role of nomads, Chinese and Hellenes in the described contacts of ancient societies.

scholarly journals Design of female white-collar office chair based on ergonomics

2020 ◽  
Vol 179 ◽  
pp. 02101
Author(s):  
Jiao Hu ◽  
Qing Yin ◽  
Canqun He
Keyword(s):  
Field Research ◽  
White Collar ◽  
Office Workers ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Work Efficiency ◽  
Literature Research ◽  
Daily Work ◽  
White Collar Workers ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Office Chair

In the daily work of office workers, the comfort of the office chair has a great impact on the staff’s work efficiency and human health. Sitting on the office chair for a long time may cause diseases such as cervical, shoulder, and lumbar spine. This article uses online literature research, brand analysis, and offline field research to understand the current status and deficiencies of office chairs, find design points and design directions, and based on ergonomics and sitting analysis research, design general office chairs for female white-collar workers to achieve a comfortable and healthy office purpose.

scholarly journals White Pop, Shiny Armour and a Sling and Stone: Indigenous Expressions of Contemporary Congregational Song Exploring Christian-Māori Identity

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Shannon Said
Keyword(s):  
Hip Hop ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Cultural Backgrounds ◽  
Congregational Song ◽  
Christian Worship ◽  
Pentecostal Churches ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sydney Australia

It has taken many years for different styles of music to be utilised within Pentecostal churches as acceptable forms of worship. These shifts in musical sensibilities, which draw upon elements of pop, rock and hip hop, have allowed for a contemporisation of music that functions as worship within these settings, and although still debated within and across some denominations, there is a growing acceptance amongst Western churches of these styles. Whilst these developments have taken place over the past few decades, there is an ongoing resistance by Pentecostal churches to embrace Indigenous musical expressions of worship, which are usually treated as token recognitions of minority groups, and at worst, demonised as irredeemable musical forms. This article draws upon interview data with Christian-Māori leaders from New Zealand and focus group participants of a diaspora Māori church in southwest Sydney, Australia, who considered their views as Christian musicians and ministers. These perspectives seek to challenge the relationship between Indigenous and non-Indigenous relations within a church setting and create a more inclusive philosophy and practice towards being ‘one in Christ’ with the role of music as worship acting as a case study throughout. It also considers how Indigenous forms of worship impact cultural identity, where Christian worship drawing upon Māori language and music forms has led to deeper connections to congregants’ cultural backgrounds.

scholarly journals Ethnic Disparities in the Development of Sight-Threatening Diabetic Retinopathy in a UK Multi-Ethnic Population with Diabetes: An Observational Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 740
Author(s):  
Manjula D. Nugawela ◽  
Sarega Gurudas ◽  
Andrew Toby Prevost ◽  
Rohini Mathur ◽  
John Robson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Ethnic Differences ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
Ethnic Minority Groups ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Observational Cohort ◽  
General Practices

There is little data on ethnic differences in incidence of DR and sight threatening DR (STDR) in the United Kingdom. We aimed to determine ethnic differences in the development of DR and STDR and to identify risk factors of DR and STDR in people with incident or prevalent type II diabetes (T2DM). We used electronic primary care medical records of people registered with 134 general practices in East London during the period from January 2007–January 2017. There were 58,216 people with T2DM eligible to be included in the study. Among people with newly diagnosed T2DM, Indian, Pakistani and African ethnic groups showed an increased risk of DR with Africans having highest risk of STDR compared to White ethnic groups (HR: 1.36 95% CI 1.02–1.83). Among those with prevalent T2DM, Indian, Pakistani, Bangladeshi and Caribbean ethnic groups showed increased risk of DR and STDR with Indian having the highest risk of any DR (HR: 1.24 95% CI 1.16–1.32) and STDR (HR: 1.38 95% CI 1.17–1.63) compared with Whites after adjusting for all covariates considered. It is important to optimise prevention, screening and treatment options in these ethnic minority groups to avoid health inequalities in diabetes eye care.

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