scholarly journals Dysfunction of the transport network between the left and right-bank center of Szczecin

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 156-158
Author(s):  
Łukasz Mozga ◽  
Tomasz Stoeck
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Transport Network ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Direct Measurements ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The City

The article presents problems of the transport network connecting Prawobrzeże with the left bank of Szczecin. The analysis were based on accepted evaluation criteria, own score and results of direct measurements. They were conducted in standard situations (without delay) and crisis occurring congestion at the main traffic arteries of the city. The calculation of congestion density is used.

scholarly journals Mapping the Pollution Plume Using the Self-Potential Geophysical Method: Case of Oum Azza Landfill, Rabat, Morocco

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 961
Author(s):  
Meryem Touzani ◽  
Ismail Mohsine ◽  
Jamila Ouardi ◽  
Ilias Kacimi ◽  
Moad Morarech ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Water Table ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
The Self ◽  
Drainage Network ◽  
Geophysical Method ◽  
Direct Measurements ◽  
Sandy Material ◽  
The City ◽  
Self Potential

The main landfill in the city of Rabat (Morocco) is based on sandy material containing the shallow Mio-Pliocene aquifer. The presence of a pollution plume is likely, but its extent is not known. Measurements of spontaneous potential (SP) from the soil surface were cross-referenced with direct measurements of the water table and leachates (pH, redox potential, electrical conductivity) according to the available accesses, as well as with an analysis of the landscape and the water table flows. With a few precautions during data acquisition on this resistive terrain, the results made it possible to separate the electrokinetic (~30%) and electrochemical (~70%) components responsible for the range of potentials observed (70 mV). The plume is detected in the hydrogeological downstream of the discharge, but is captured by the natural drainage network and does not extend further under the hills.

scholarly journals Evaluating Performance of Public Transport Networks by Using Public Transport Criteria Matrix Analytic Hierarchy Process Models—Case Study of Stonnington, Bayswater, and Cockburn Public Transport Network

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6949
Author(s):  
Gang Lin ◽  
Shaoli Wang ◽  
Conghua Lin ◽  
Linshan Bu ◽  
Honglei Xu
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Performance Standards ◽  
Transport Network ◽  
Process Models ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Transport Networks ◽  
Ahp Model

To mitigate car traffic problems, the United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat) issued a document that provides guidelines for sustainable development and the promotion of public transport. The efficiency of the policies and strategies needs to be evaluated to improve the performance of public transportation networks. To assess the performance of a public transport network, it is first necessary to select evaluation criteria. Based on existing indicators, this research proposes a public transport criteria matrix that includes the basic public transport infrastructure level, public transport service level, economic benefit level, and sustainable development level. A public transport criteria matrix AHP model is established to assess the performance of public transport networks. The established model selects appropriate evaluation criteria based on existing performance standards. It is applied to study the Stonnington, Bayswater, and Cockburn public transport network, representing a series of land use and transport policy backgrounds. The local public transport authorities can apply the established transport criteria matrix AHP model to monitor the performance of a public transport network and provide guidance for its improvement.

St. Philips Footbridge in Bristol

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Héctor Beade-Pereda ◽  
Bogdan Barbulescu ◽  
John McElhinney
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Transport Network ◽  
Design Approach ◽  
Steel Beam ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
Sustainable Transport ◽  
Great Western Railway ◽  
The City

<p>In 1840, the inauguration of the Great Western Railway in South England connecting London and Bristol, changed part of the outskirts of Bristol to a major railway hub and home of many rail-related activities. An area behind the station in between the railway, the River Avon and the Bath road, known as Temple Island, became restricted to rail use (workshops, depots or sheds) for more than 150 years, making it inaccessible and unattractive as the railway use decreased. The transformation of this area into a new centrally located neighbourhood is one of the most important urban development projects currently planned in Bristol. The new St Philips footbridge spans the River Avon, contributing to accessibility to the site and increasing the sustainable transport network of the city. The bridge, a 50m-span and 4-m wide steel beam with a forked geometry, seamlessly hosts a ramp for disabled and cyclists and a staircase to maximise functionality. The design approach to generate its shape was at the same time structural, aesthetical, and functional, innovatively solving a complex crossing problem.</p>

scholarly journals Organic matter of soils and technogenic surface formations of residential areas of the city of Perm

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (47) ◽  
pp. 27-27
Author(s):  
Natalia Moskvina ◽  
Igor Shestakov ◽  
Natalia Mitrakova
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Urban Soils ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Humus Formation ◽  
Functional Zone ◽  
Humus Type ◽  
Reclaimed Soils ◽  
The City ◽  
Technogenic Surface Formations

On the territory of the left-bank part of Perm, the urban pedocomplexes (UPC) were distinguished as a combination of soil and technogenic surface formations on the same soil-forming rocks within a certain functional zone. Within the UPC, formed on eluvial-deluvial loams and clays in the zone of multi-storey buildings, the surface horizons of soils and TSF (technogenic surface formations) were studied. A change in the zonal trend of humus formation in reclaimed soils was observed as an increase in the content of organic matter, as well as in a change in the type of humus to the humate side. The conservation of zonal features of humus formation in non-purposefully recultivated urban soils and TSF was noted. It manifests in a low or medium content of organic carbon, the formation of a humate-fulvate type of humus. Keywords: URBAN ECOLOGY, URBAN SOILS, URBAN PEDOCOMPLEX, HUMUS, HUMUS TYPE, SOIL PROPERTIES

STATE OF BOTTOM SEDIMENTS OF THE VORONEZH RESERVOIR IN THE PLACES OF WATER DISCHARGE FROM THE TREATMENT FACILITIES OF THE CITY OF VORONEZH

2021 ◽  
pp. 77-84
Author(s):  
Наталия Викторовна Каверина
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Water Reservoir ◽  
Urban Agglomeration ◽  
Nature Management ◽  
Cyclic Process ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Quantitative Chemical Analysis ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
The City

Рассмотрена проблема загрязнения Воронежского водохранилища в пределах Воронежской городской агломерации, в местах сброса вод с очистных сооружений предприятий левого берега. В работе использованы результаты количественного химического анализа донных отложений, выполненных на базе эколого-аналитической лаборатории факультета географии, геоэкологии и туризма Воронежского госуниверситета, а также данные мониторинга, предоставленных Федеральной службой по надзору в сфере природопользования и Департаментом природных ресурсов и экологии Воронежской области. База данных включает результаты наблюдений с 2000 по 2021 год. По составу осадков прослежена история аккумуляции загрязнителей, выделены проблемные зоны водоема в каждом исследуемом периоде. Выполнен пространственно-временной анализ содержаний загрязняющих веществ, рассчитаны «кларки концентрации» тяжелых металлов, по которым для каждой точки наблюдения в порядке возрастания значения признака построен ранжированный ряд. На основании лабораторных исследований и результатов их статистической обработки с применением корреляционного анализа сделаны выводы о перспективах существования и развития Воронежского водохранилища. Проверены корреляционные связи между «кларками концентрации» и суммой выпавших осадков за календарный и за гидрологический год. По содержаниям сероводорода в различные годы, сделаны выводы о диапазоне колебания концентраций и формировании цикличного процесса. Выделена зона устойчивой деградации водоема. Ее формирование происходит выше и ниже сброса с городских очистных сооружений левого берега города. Результаты многолетних наблюдений за качеством донных отложений указывают на значительную техногенную нагрузку со стороны Воронежской городской агломерации. Недостаточная очистка воды, медленная скорость течения и турбулентность природной воды ускоряет процесс естественного эвтрофирования водоема. The author considers the problem of pollution of the Voronezh water reservoir within the Voronezh urban agglomeration, in places of discharge of water from the treatment facilities of enterprises of the left bank. The paper uses the results of quantitative chemical analysis of bottom sediments performed on the basis of the ecological and analytical laboratory of the Faculty of Geography, Geoecology and Tourism of Voronezh State University, as well as monitoring data provided by the Federal Service for Supervision of Nature Management and the Department of Natural Resources and Ecology of the Voronezh Region. The database includes the results of monitoring from 2000 till 2021. On the basis of the composition of precipitation the author detected the history of accumulation of pollutants; as well she identified problem areas of the water reservoir in every study period. The author performed a spatio-temporal analysis of the contents of pollutants, calculated the "concentration clarkes" of heavy metals, according to which she created an ordered series for each observation point in ascending order of the attribute value. Based on laboratory studies and results of their statistical processing using correlation analysis the author draws some conclusions concerning the prospects for the Voronezh water reservoir existence and development. The correlations between the "concentration clarkes" and the amount of precipitation for the calendar and hydrological year have been verified. Based on the hydrogen sulfide content in different years, the author concludes about the range of concentration fluctuations and the formation of a cyclic process. She identified the zone of stable degradation of the water reservoir. Its formation occurs above and below the discharge from the municipal sewage treatment plants of the left bank of the city. The results of long-term observations of the quality of bottom sediments indicate a significant anthropogenic load on the part of the Voronezh urban agglomeration. Insufficient water purification, slow flow velocity and turbulence of natural water accelerate the process of natural eutrophication of the water reservoir.

WASPAS based MULTIMOORA method under IVIF environment for the selection of hub location

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 1233-1256
Author(s):  
Nezir Aydin ◽  
Sukran Seker
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Airline Industry ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Hub Location ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Product Assessment ◽  
The City

PurposeLow cost carriers (LCCs) have become one of the most significantly growing parts of the airline servicing market. This new player has redesigned the whole airline industry, which was previously led by the national/international full-service airline companies. Considering such advancements, the hub locations of LCCs became an important issue than ever before. Within this concept, a guiding framework is developed for an LCC company, which is in search of a new hub airport location within Turkey to satisfy the demand and attract new passengers.Design/methodology/approachAn interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy (IVIF) sets based weighted aggregated sum product assessment (WASPAS) and multi-objective optimization by ratio analysis (MULTIMOORA) methods are developed for decision-making processes.FindingsFive airport locations are evaluated using the developed method. Results showed that in determining hub locations for LCCs, potential number of passengers of the city, airport quality and the number of hotels within the city are obtained as the three most important criteria among 12 evaluation criteria. The best location for the LCC company is determined as Antalya Airport.Research limitations/implicationsTo apply the proposed method to a different set of alternatives, data gathered on comparing location of alternatives from experts should be updated.Originality/valueProposed hybrid framework is presented as the first time in the literature as a decision-making tool. In order to validate framework's applicability, efficiency and effectiveness, a comparison and a sensitivity analysis are conducted at the end of the study.

scholarly journals Measurements of traffic dominated pollutant emissions in a Chinese megacity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Freya A. Squires ◽  
Eiko Nemitz ◽  
Ben Langford ◽  
Oliver Wild ◽  
Will S. Drysdale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Area ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Emission Rates ◽  
Emissions Inventory ◽  
Direct Measurements ◽  
Benzene Toluene ◽  
Emissions Inventories ◽  
Additional Influence ◽  
The City ◽  
Traffic Source

Abstract. Direct measurements of NOx, CO and aromatic VOC (benzene, toluene, C2-benzenes and C3-benzenes) flux were made for a central area of Beijing using the eddy covariance technique. Measurements were made during two intensive field campaigns in central Beijing as part of the Air Pollution and Human Health (APHH) project, the first in November–December 2016 and the second during May–June 2017, to contrast winter and summertime emission rates. There was little difference in the magnitude of NOx flux between the two seasons (mean NOx flux was 4.41 mg m−2 h−1 in the winter compared to 3.55 mg m−2 h−1 in the summer). CO showed greater seasonal variation with mean CO flux in the winter campaign (34.7 mg m−2 h−1) being over twice that of the summer campaign (15.2 mg m−2 h−1). Larger emissions of aromatic VOCs in summer were attributed to increased evaporation due to higher temperatures. The largest fluxes in NOx and CO generally occurred during the morning and evening rush hour periods indicating a major traffic source with high midday emissions of CO indicating an additional influence from cooking fuel. Measured NOx and CO fluxes were then compared to the MEIC 2013 emissions inventory which was found to significantly overestimate emissions for this region, providing evidence that proxy-based emissions inventories have positive biases in urban centres. This first set of pollutant fluxes measured in Beijing provides an important benchmark of emissions from the city which can help to inform and evaluate current emissions inventories.

Coimbra as a literary tourism destination: landscapes of literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sílvia Quinteiro ◽  
Vivina Carreira ◽  
Alexandra Rodrigues Gonçalves
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Tourism Destination ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Literary Tourism ◽  
Tourist Flows ◽  
Literary Heritage ◽  
The City ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the relevance of developing literary tourism in Coimbra. Design/methodology/approach This exploratory qualitative research identifies existent resources and development potential of literary tourism. The instruments of data collection were bibliographic research, questionnaires, interviews and participant observation. Findings There are few literary tourism products in Coimbra, which contrasts with the number of literary places identified, namely, on the left bank of the River Mondego. Tourism development stakeholders in Coimbra have not paid enough attention to the emergence of literary tourism and the opportunities for the development of new sustainable cultural products related with it. Research limitations/implications This study is limited by the size and continual renewal of the corpus, which implies a constant updating of data regarding authors and texts. Practical implications This study will lead to the production of a database of Coimbra’s literary resources and a digital literary map, allowing any citizen or entity to design and implement literary tourism products. Originality/value To the best of authors’ knowledge, this is the first study reviewing the potential of Coimbra as a literary tourism destination. Moreover, it discusses literary heritage as a source of products and experiences to foster more balanced tourist flows throughout the city.

The Evaluation Research about Building Comprehensive Capabilities of Disaster Prevention

2013 ◽  
Vol 405-408 ◽  
pp. 2316-2319
Author(s):  
Xiao Yu Bi ◽  
Jing Yan Zhang ◽  
Jia Wang
Keyword(s):  
Index System ◽  
Evaluation Research ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Evaluation Index System ◽  
Evaluation Index ◽  
Disaster Prevention ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
The People ◽  
The Government ◽  
The City

Building is the focus of the city's comprehensive disaster prevention and mitigation. The comprehensive disaster prevention ability of the construction directly affects the safety of the people, the city and even the society as a whole. According to Civil Construction Reliability Evaluation Criteria and the Standard of Dangerous BuildingAppraisal, the evaluation index system is establisshed in this paper, which is including structure, facilities and personnel ,to evaluate the comprehensive disaster prevention ability of the construction. Also the fuzzyevaluation method is put forward to solve the complexity of the evaluation objects and the difficult quantitative of the evaluation index directly .The research results help owners and the government managers to fully understand the usage of the building, and formulate the specific prevention measures .It also provides a reference basis for the maintenance and reinforcement of building.

The Effect of Driving Environments on Simulator Sickness

2007 ◽  
Vol 51 (18) ◽  
pp. 1232-1236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald R. Mourant ◽  
Prasanna Rengarajan ◽  
Daniel Cox ◽  
Yingzi Lin ◽  
Beverly K. Jaeger
Keyword(s):  
Optic Flow ◽  
Substantial Contribution ◽  
Simulator Sickness ◽  
Driving Simulators ◽  
City Environment ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The City ◽  
Right Turns

In order to be an effective tool for driver evaluation and education, driving simulators need to be better designed to reduce simulator sickness. This study investigated driving in four environments (country, suburban, city, and curves) using a simulator. When driving on straight roads (city and suburban environments) subjects reported less simulator sickness then driving in the city environment (which included left and right turns) and on curves. A mini-SSQ was used to measure the accumulation of simulator sickness over trials. From trial 1 to trial 5, reported simulator sickness increased linearly. From trial 5 through 8, the rate of increase in simulator sickness decreased. We suggest that the rapid and distorted optic flow experienced while executing turns and driving on curves in driving simulators makes a substantial contribution to simulator sickness.

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