scholarly journals METHODS OF CONTROL OF MEASURING BALLAST WATER IN TANKS DURING THE LOADING OF THE SHIP AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON THE CALCULATION OF INCOMING CARGO

2017 ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
Artem Leonidovich Petrov ◽  
Lyudmila Sanduovna Baeva ◽  
Natalia Eugenevna Petrova ◽  
Zhanna Victorovna Kumova
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Ballast Water ◽  
Economic Effectiveness ◽  
Measuring Process ◽  
Ballast Waters ◽  
Safe Navigation ◽  
Strict Control ◽  
Electropneumatic System ◽  
Ballast Tanks ◽  
Methods Of Control

In transportation bulk cargo by the sea vessels weight of the cargo loaded in specified amount can be determined by both land measuring facilities and ship draught. In terms of the study there has been offered a comparative characteristics of different methods of measuring ballast water: manual measuring and use of automatic gauging (the system of pressure gauges MAS 2600 and electropneumatic system LevelDatic 80S). Errors occurring in the measuring process were studied. The article presents a technique to control measuring ballast waters while loading. The results of the analysis of water level in ballast tanks allow to evaluate possible losses of a consignee for any given type of vessel, and require to provide strict control over cargo loading in order to guarantee safe navigation and economic effectiveness of cargo operations.

scholarly journals Diagnostics in ballast water management

2018 ◽  
Vol 182 ◽  
pp. 02004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Bielski ◽  
Jacek Wachowicz ◽  
Ryszard Bielski ◽  
Arkadiusz Adamczyk ◽  
Hendra Jantanata
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Invasive Species ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Ballast Water ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
The Face ◽  
Ballast Tanks ◽  
Ballast Water Management

Diagnostics in ballast water management is the main remedy to protect against the threat of spreading invasive species that can be carried in ships' ballast tanks. This phenomenon is getting better known and understood. New and more effective methods of preventing threats related to this are being developed. Procedures are created to ensure environmental safety in the face of ever-increasing transport by sea. The article characterizes both the background of the problem, basic diagnostic medics used in ballast water management, as well as procedures and basic techniques used to ensure the safety of the natural environment..

scholarly journals About the Results of Monitoring Researches of Ballast Waters and Data of Identification of the Vibrioes Strains Selected During the Ships Researches in Russian Seaports in 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-61
Author(s):  
S. Yu. Vodyanitskаyа ◽  
O. V. Sergienko ◽  
N. G. Ivanova ◽  
V. V. Balachnova ◽  
I. V. Arkhangelskаya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Ballast Water ◽  
International Convention ◽  
International Standard ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Ballast Waters ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Intestinal Infections ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
First Time

Relevance. In September, 2017 the International Convention on Control of Ships’ Ballast Waters and sediments, in which the Russian Federation takes part, came into effect.Aim of article is to cover the results of implementation of the Convention in Russia, regarding selection and analysis of ballast waters tests for compliance with the international standard.Material and methods. The materials for work were data on ship arrivals at the international seaports of the Russian Federation, provided by sanitary and quarantine departments of the Russian ports, and monitoring researches of ballast waters in seaports of some regions of the Russian Federation. Analytical, bacteriological, molecular methods were applied.Results. The studies of ballast waters in the Leningrad and Kaliningrad regions have been conducted for the first time in 2018, and in the Rostov region the study lasts since 2010. The laboratory researches of ships’ ballast showed that E. coli, Enterococcus spp. were in norm, V. cholerae O1 and O139 in ballast were absent. 12 of 21 ballast water tests investigated by specialists of the Rostov region laboratories contained V. cholerae non-O1/non-O139, ballast was taken on the ships which arrived from Romania and Turkey.Сonclusion. The results of the molecular and genetic researches suggest that there is a probability of V. сholeraе introduction brougth with ship ballast. Management decisions are demanded to ensure biological safety of shipping and to decrease intestinal infections incidence in residents of the seaside cities.

Numerical Simulation of Sloshing of Water in Ship Tanks During Sequential Ballast Water Exchange in Seaways

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makoto Arai ◽  
Humberto S. Makiyama ◽  
Liang-Yee Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Ballast Water ◽  
Water Exchange ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Marine Pollution ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Exchange Method ◽  
Ballast Tank ◽  
Open Sea ◽  
Merchant Ship ◽  
Ballast Tanks

In recent years, ballast water has been blamed for a variety of marine pollution problems, particularly for transporting harmful aquatic organisms from one part of the world to another and damaging the ecosystem of the new areas. A relatively simple mechanism to control this problem is to exchange ballast water on the high seas between ports in order to remove invasive species before the ship reaches its destination. However, some issues regarding ballast exchange on the open sea need to be addressed before this operation is introduced. One of them is the sloshing of the sea water in the ballast tank. In this paper, ballast water exchange on the open sea by means of the Sequential exchange method is simulated. Irregular seaways are generated from the ISSC spectrum, and the sloshing response of the water in the ballast tanks of a large merchant ship is numerically computed by using a finite difference code developed by the authors. The results showed that there is little possibility that severe sloshing presents a serious problem in regard to the ballast tank’s strength, especially in the case of a bulk carrier whose tanks are generally short in length, with sloshing anticipated only at the low water level.

scholarly journals Practical Difficulties of Sampling Ballast Tanks - What Lessons Can Be Learned?

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Evans ◽  
Emma Langley
Keyword(s):  
Ballast Water ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Time Windows ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Small Time ◽  
Performance Standard ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Ballast Tank ◽  
International Convention ◽  
Ballast Tanks

The adoption of the International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships’ Ballast Water and Sediments (BWMC) in 2004 (herewith the Convention) has sought to prevent the spread of harmful aquatic organisms and pathogens in the ballast water and sediments of ships, threatening marine ecosystems worldwide. The Convention sets out the various requirements and the various steps vessels owners / operators and port States need to undertake in order to effectively manage ballast water and sediments. However, there are still open issues and uncertainty, including the scientific and practical challenges of sampling of ballast tanks and monitoring compliance with the Convention’s standards. In order to monitor compliance with the Convention’s standards, documented management practices can be inspected for appropriateness and inspection of vessel log books can give an indication that practices have been implemented. However, sampling is the most effective way to ensure compliance with standards set out in the Convention. To check compliance with the D-1 (exchange) standard, vessel log books should be inspected and sampling can be used to check for anomalies in the composition of the ballast water (e.g. salinity). D-1 compliance is intended as an interim step until treatment systems are more widely available – although, some ports may require exchange as well as treatment in the long term. Compliance with the D-2 (performance) standard following treatment of the ballast water requires the sampling of biological, chemical and physical parameters. Whether checking compliance to the D-1 or D-2 standards, there are significant sampling challenges. These include the logistics of gaining vessel access; having multiple sample methods available to suit ballast tank access restrictions; getting a representative sample; sample analyses; sample interpretation and; what to do if a sample fails? In addition to this, local requirements can present further challenges (e.g. small time windows for bacterial analysis). This paper will highlight the difficulties of sampling ballast tanks in practice, drawing from national and international experiences, and will also comment more broadly on the sampling process and governance – such as regional differences and the role of port State control. Drawing on protocols adopted by other states will help to facilitate a more efficient, consistent and organised implementation of the Convention to the shipping community worldwide.

scholarly journals Ballast water management and their system processing

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-60
Author(s):  
M. Diasamidze ◽  
A. Shotadze
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Ballast Water ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Marine Species ◽  
Management Options ◽  
International Convention ◽  
Ballast Tanks ◽  
Control And Management ◽  
Ballast Water Management

Ballast water provides stability and maneuverability to a ship. Large ships can carry millions of gallons of ballast water. Ballast water discharged by ships can have a negative impact on the marine environment. There are thousands of marine species that may be carried in ships’ ballast water; In order to reduce the risk of new introductions of exotic species, the UN International Maritime Organization (IMO) has adopted the International Convention for the Control and Management of Ship’s Ballast Water and Sediments in 2004. This Convention aims ‘to continue the development of safer and more effective Ballast Water Management options that will result in continued prevention, minimization and ultimate elimination of the transfer of harmful aquatic organisms and pathogens’. To prevent possible invasions, organisms should not be discharged from ballast tanks. This can be achieved by treating the ballast water, for instance by killing organisms that are travelling in the ballast water.

Ballast-mediated animal introductions in the Laurentian Great Lakes: retrospective and prospective analyses

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 740-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor A Grigorovich ◽  
Robert I Colautti ◽  
Edward L Mills ◽  
Kristen Holeck ◽  
Albert G Ballert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Great Lakes ◽  
Ballast Water ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Laurentian Great Lakes ◽  
Traffic Patterns ◽  
Physicochemical Factors ◽  
Ballast Tanks ◽  
Shipping Traffic ◽  
High Representation ◽  
Prospective Analyses

Since completion of the St. Lawrence Seaway in 1959, at least 43 nonindigenous species (NIS) of animals and protists have established in the Laurentian Great Lakes, of which ~67% were attributed to discharge of ballast water from commercial ships. Twenty-three NIS were first discovered in four "hotspot" areas with a high representation of NIS, most notably the Lake Huron – Lake Erie corridor. Despite implementation of the voluntary (1989, Canada) and mandatory (1993, U.S.A.) ballast water exchange (BWE) regulations, NIS were discovered at a higher rate during the 1990s than in the preceding three decades. Here we integrate knowledge of species' invasion histories, shipping traffic patterns, and physicochemical factors that constrain species' survivorship during ballast-mediated transfer to assess the risk of future introductions to the Great Lakes. Our risk-assessment model identified 26 high-risk species that are likely to survive intercontinental transfer in ballast tanks. Of these, 10 species have already invaded the Great Lakes. An additional 37 lower-risk species, of which six have already invaded, show some but not all attributes needed for successful introduction under current BWE management. Our model indicates that the Great Lakes remain vulnerable to ship-mediated NIS invasions.

Safety of Navigation, Ballast Water and Meteo-marine Forecasting: Analysis and Reliability

2000 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 541-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Pezzoli ◽  
M. Franza
Keyword(s):  
Ballast Water ◽  
Weather Forecast ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Safe Navigation ◽  
America’S Cup ◽  
Forecasting Analysis

The objective of this paper is to study the possible use of meteo-marine forecasts for correct management of ships' ballast water, in order to improve the safety of navigation, having due consideration to the economical costs (wrong load/unload of water) and the possible performance impacts that could be generated. The analysis has been carried out verifying the operative forecasts used for crew training in the Italian yacht Consorzio Prada for the America's Cup 2000 and issued in the period April–July 1999. Studying the forecasts' quality, situations of potential incorrect load of ballast water have been examined together with the potential negative effects. It has been demonstrated that an accurate weather forecast is of paramount importance to safe navigation without economic loss while recognising the related performance aspects.

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