The narrative strategies of the Soviet graphic stories for children (a comparative analysis of the graphic stories about Clever Masha with D. Kharms’s and N. Gernet’s texts)

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 379-402
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Andreevna Brykova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Narrative Strategies ◽  
Original Stories ◽  
Narrative Strategy ◽  
Young Readers ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Pedagogical Function ◽  
Children's Speech

The article discusses the narrative strategies of original graphic stories about Clever Masha (published in “Chizh” magazine in 1934-1937) and reprinted versions of these stories, which texts were written by N. Gernet (firstly published in 1965). Syntactic and pragmatic analyses help us to show, that both these strategies have common principles of textual coherence and chronological continuation. At the same time the narrative strategy of the original stories actualizes chronotope and dynamic elements of the plot and contains the subject vocabulary duplicating the visual part of the stories so that it demonstrates lot in common with the representative and iconic type of children’s speech. Meanwhile the narrative strategies of Gernet’s texts show the higher level of creolization because of usage of different types of predicates, more complicated way of representation and changing the monologic type of speech to the dialogical one. Moreover, the narrative strategy of the reprinted stories focuses on adult’s narration instead of children’s oral narration in the original stories which means the explicit cooperation with the readers influencing their perception and forming their views and opinions, so that now these stories don’t fulfill the entertaining, but the pedagogical function encouraging young readers to behave as Clever Masha does.

scholarly journals Characteristics of heat ceramics of Mordovian territory: on the example of the collection of Mordovian republican S. D. Erzia Fine Art Museum

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-231
Author(s):  
Andrey S. Barmenkov
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Fine Art ◽  
Art Museum ◽  
Maximum Extension ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Functional Purpose

Introduction. The article is devoted to the description of pottery ceramics on Mordovian territory. The purpose of the article is to analyze the development of ceramics in Mordovian region. The object of the article is a collection of ceramics of Mordovian republican S.D. Erzia Fine Art Museum, the subject – the main features of the ceramics based on the morphological analysis of its exhibits. Materials and Methods. The material of the study was the results of the research of Russian scholars on ceramics of antiquity and modernity, as well as empirical materials presented by the ceramics funds of Mordovian republican S.D. Erzia Fine Art Museum. One of the main approaches implemented in the article is a comparative analysis of the exhibits based on the color of the shard. It allows the author to systematize utensils according to their functional purpose, and also to make an assumption about the various historical stages of the emergence of different types. Results and Discussion. The article systematizes the variety of forms of ceramics, reveals their quantitative relationships, the prevailing forms, and gives the comparative analysis of the existing forms. The classification of vessels was carried out in accordance with a number of criteria: the height and thickness of the neck, the design of the corolla cut, the diameter of the mouth and the maximum extension of the trunk, which allows one to draw conclusions about the similarity of the collection’s exhibits with other Mordоvian artefacts. Conclusion. It concludes about the existence of a certain standard in the production of ceramic dishes, and on the similarity of the studied ceramics and the collections of Russian monuments. Therefore, it states the preservation of local Mordovian pottery traditions in the course of wide interactions with Russian pottery ceramics.

scholarly journals “Congenial people”, “dissonant people” and “image of the word” of a mature person

2020 ◽  
pp. 54-68
Author(s):  
Valeriya Alperovich
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Theoretical Study ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Communication Partners ◽  
Positive Assessment ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Mature Person

This research is dedicated to the problem of correlation between perception of other people by a subject and phenomenon of the “image of the world”. This topic is relevant for scholars of humanities in different countries in conditions of aggravation of various macrosocial conflicts. A theoretical study is conducted on correlations between the phenomena of “image of the world”, “worldview”, “model of the world”,  and approaches of the Russian psychology towards them. The author explores the results of empirical study of the “image of the world”, reflected in drawings, through the prism of metaphorical representations of a mature person on “congenial people” and “dissonant people”. The goal consists on carrying out a comparative analysis of peculiarities of the “image of the world” among persons differing in metaphorical representations on “congenial people” and “dissonant people”. The subject of this research is the metaphors of "congenial person” and “dissonant person”, the basic principles of a person and types of the “image of the world” depicted in drawings and verbal characteristics. The scientific novelty lies in the development of additional parameters for the analysis of the “image of the world” of a person, reflected in drawings. This article is first to determine correlations between different types of metaphors of “congenial person” and “dissonant person” as communication partners, and parameters of the “image of the world” of a person depicted in drawings. The conclusion is made that attribution of positive metaphorical socio-psychological characteristics to “congenial people” and “dissonant people” is associated with positive assessment of the objects of surrounding world. Stereotypization of images of other people as communication partners correlates with such of the “image of the world” in consciousness of a subject. The research results indicate that perceptions of “congenial people” and “dissonant people” by the subject affect their “image of the world”. The presented materials can be used in socio-psychological counseling for elaboration of the programs of correcting the system of relations of the subject to themselves and other people.

scholarly journals Item in dependability: definition and content of the concept

Dependability ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 3-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. Netes
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
International Standards ◽  
The Past ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Federal Laws ◽  
Basic Concepts ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Correct Understanding ◽  
The Relationship

Aim. The paper continues the series of publications that investigate and discuss the essence and definitions of the basic concepts of the dependability theory. It analyzes the basic concept, which is the subject of consideration in dependability, for which the term “item” is usually used. The concept of “dependability” is defined for it, and in general all the terminology of dependability applies to it. The following issues are considered: how to name and define this subject of consideration, what it can be, what can be its constituents. In particular, the relationship between the concepts of “item” and “product” is discussed.Methods. The evolution of definitions of this concept in the Russian and international terminological standards in dependability over the past 30 years is traced. A comparative analysis of other standards and federal laws relating to items of different types is carried out. The viability of two main ways of getting an idea of a concept is considered: illustrative (based on examples) and definitional (by means of sequential definition of some concepts through others).Findings and conclusions. The definition and correct understanding of the concept of “item” is of great importance, as it affects the scope of dependability standards. It is explained why it is necessary to accept that the definitions of the basic concepts cannot be rigorously formalized and are in fact only explanations. It is shown that the definitions of the item in the existing Russian and international standards (GOST 27.002–2015 and IEC 60050-192:2015) have inaccuracies. To eliminate them, improved notes to the definition of an item are proposed. The first note lists the possible types of items: products (parts, assembly units, complexes) and their components; buildings and structures; systems consisting of jointly functioning products and structures and their subsystems. The second note indicates the relationship between the main constituents of the item: hardware, software and people (personnel), and their possible combinations. The paper provides reasons for considering virtual items that play an important role in today’s information and telecommunication technologies and are logically isolated subsystems within the systems that they are part of. Besides that, it points out the deficiencies in the definitions of various items in GOST 18322–2016.

scholarly journals NARRATIVE STRATEGIES IN L. ULITSKAYA ’S NOVEL THE KUKOTSKY ENIGMA

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 65-75
Author(s):  
I.S. Bukal ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Research Result ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Narrative Strategies ◽  
Problem Statement ◽  
Narrative Strategy ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Points Of View

Problem statement and goal. Lyudmila Ulitskaya is one of the most widely read contemporary Russian authors. L. Ulitskaya’s works are popular not only in Russia, but also in other countries. They arouse genuine research interest both among literary critics and linguists. Currently, there are more than two dozen dissertations, many review chapters in monographs, as well as scientific articles devoted to the analysis of such works of the author as novellas Sonechka, The Funeral Party, Women’s Lies; collections of short stories Poor Relatives, Girls, Gift not made with hands; novels Sincerely your Shurik, Medea and Her Children, Daniel Stein, Interpreter, The Big Green Tent. L. Ulitskaya’s novel The Kukotsky Enigma remains the least studied text of the author. In this article, the content of this novel is analyzed for narratology. The researcher reflects on one of the topical literary problems: the influence of narrative strategies on the reception of the author’s text. The research was based on the works by V. Tyupa, Yu. Lotman, N. Leiderman, and M. Lipovetsky. The research methodology is based on historical-cultural and structural-typological approaches. The subject of the research is the specifics of the implementation of narrative strategies in L. Ulitskaya’s novel The Kukotsky Enigma. Research result. Based on the analysis of L. Ulitskaya’s novel The Kukotsky Enigma, it is shown how the narrative strategy of the work affects its potential reception. Based on the concept by V. Tyupa, who defined the narrative strategy as a set of three equivalent bases (the narrative picture of the world, the narrative modality, and the narrative intrigue), the researcher identifies the changes that the narrative strategy undergoes in the course of the plot development, notes how these changes affect the poetics of the novel and its axiological content. Conclusion. The narrative strategy by which the narrative of the novel in question is organized can be defined as “the strategy of breaking the horizon of readers’ expectations”. Multiple changes in the narrative instance fill the work with a variety of points of view, creates a sense of ghostly, ephemeral events, and encourages the reader to independently search for the truth. The content of the novel is not directly dependent on the chronology of events. Fragments of the story are arranged inversely, segmentally, so that their juxtaposition contributes to the fullest understanding of the content. The narratives presented in the novel actualize the “ontological intrigue”, based on the representation of individual mythopoetic models and revealing the plot of comprehension of truth and purpose.

Age- and ability-related differences in young readers' use of conjunctions

2005 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 877-892 ◽  
Author(s):  
KATE CAIN ◽  
NIKOLE PATSON ◽  
LEANNE ANDREWS
Keyword(s):  
Text Comprehension ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Young Readers ◽  
Poor Comprehenders ◽  
Sentence Level ◽  
Comprehension Skills ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Children's Speech

Two studies investigating young readers' use of conjunctions are reported. In Study One, 145 eight- to ten-year-olds completed one of two narrative cloze tasks in which different types of conjunction were deleted. Performance for additive conjunctions was not affected by age in this study, but older children were more likely to select the target conjunction than were younger children for temporal, causal, and adversative terms. Performance was superior in the cloze task in which they were given a restricted choice of responses (three vs. seven). In Study Two, 35 eight- and nine-year-old good and poor comprehenders completed the three-choice cloze task. The poor comprehenders were less likely to select the target terms in general. Sentence-level comprehension skills did not account for their poor performance. The results indicate that understanding of the semantic relations expressed by conjunctions is still developing long after these terms are used correctly in children's speech. The findings are discussed in relation to the role of conjunctions in text comprehension.

Contextual features for implementing epistemic modality in a common sense and in terms of gender

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3A) ◽  
pp. 589-598
Author(s):  
Nataliia Ivanivna Holubenko
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
Text Analysis ◽  
Epistemic Modality ◽  
Continuous Sampling ◽  
Contextual Features ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Subject

The subject of this research is epistemic modality, which is referred to a subjective type of modality in a common sense and in terms of gender; it is considered as the connection between a subject and an attribute. The purpose of this research is to study epistemic modality and its contextual features in a common sense and in terms of gender. The objectives of this article require application of several methods such as comparative analysis and text analysis. The methods favour the fact that the conclusions concerning the means of epistemic modality expression are maximally reliable. The method of continuous sampling was used to accumulate actual materials in terms of the gender approach. In the course of this study, the different types of epistemic modality such as epistemic modality of certainty / uncertainty, epistemic modality expressing the meaning of opinion – assumption, doubtful evaluation.

Point and planar defects in the iron sulfide compounds Fe1-xS

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 434-435
Author(s):  
Thao A. Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Iron Sulfide ◽  
Planar Defects ◽  
Selective Area ◽  
Vacancy Ordering ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Lattice Images ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Beam Lattice

It is well known that the large deviations from stoichiometry in iron sulfide compounds, Fe1-xS (0≤x≤0.125), are accommodated by iron vacancies which order and form superstructures at low temperatures. Although the ordering of the iron vacancies has been well established, the modes of vacancy ordering, hence superstructures, as a function of composition and temperature are still the subject of much controversy. This investigation gives direct evidence from many-beam lattice images of Fe1-xS that the 4C superstructure transforms into the 3C superstructure (Fig. 1) rather than the MC phase as previously suggested. Also observed are an intrinsic stacking fault in the sulfur sublattice and two different types of vacancy-ordering antiphase boundaries. Evidence from selective area optical diffractograms suggests that these planar defects complicate the diffraction pattern greatly.

Assessment of small businesses activities in Ukraine

2019 ◽  
pp. 40-47
Author(s):  
Igor Ponomarenko ◽  
Kateryna Volovnenko
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Small Business ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Micro Enterprises

The subject of the research is a set of approaches to the statistical analysis ofthe activities of small business entities in Ukraine, including micro-enterprises. The purpose of writing this article is to study of the features of functioningof small business entities in Ukraine. Methodology. The research methodology isto use a system-structural and comparative analysis (to study the change in thenumber of small enterprises by major components); monographic (when studyingmethods of statistical analysis of small businesses); economic analysis (when assessing the impact of small business entities on socio-economic phenomena andprocesses in Ukraine). The scientific novelty consists to determine the features ofthe functioning of small businesses in Ukraine in modern conditions. The influenceof the activities of the main socio-economic and political indicators on the activities of small enterprises in recent periods of time has been identified. It has beenestablished that there is flexibility in the development of strategies by small businesses in conditions of significant competition, which makes it possible to quicklyrespond to changing situations in specific markets. Conclusions. The use of acomprehensive statistical analysis of small businesses functioning in Ukraine willallow government agencies to develop a set of measures to optimize the activitiesof these enterprises, which ultimately will positively affect the strengthening oftheir competitiveness and will contribute to the growth of the national economicsystem.

A comparative analysis of the lay-friendliness of Danish EU patient information leaflets from 2000 to 2012

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Inger Askehave ◽  
Karen Korning Zethsen
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Patient Information ◽  
Patient Information Leaflet ◽  
General Interest ◽  
Information Leaflet ◽  
Empirical Results ◽  
Patient Information Leaflets ◽  
Information Leaflets ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Eu

Since becoming mandatory in the EU in 1992, the patient information leaflet (PIL) has been the subject of an on-going discussion regarding its ability to provide easily understandable information. This study examines whether the lay-friendliness of Danish PILs has improved from 2000 to 2012 according to the Danish consumers. A reproduction of a questionnaire study from 2000 was carried out. The responses of the 2012 survey were compared to those of the 2000 survey and the analysis showed that Danes are less inclined to read the PIL in 2012 compared to 2000 and that the general interest in PILs has decreased. The number of respondents who deem the PIL easy to read has gone down. According to Danish consumers, the lay-friendliness of PILs has not improved from 2000 to 2012 and a very likely explanation could be that the PIL as a genre has become far too regulated and complex to live up to its original intentions. On the basis of the empirical results the article furthermore offers suggestions for practice changes.

John of Kronshtadt and Leo Tolstoy

2020 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 471-478
Author(s):  
Peter A. Shevchenko
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Leo Tolstoy ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Common People ◽  
Religious Consciousness ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Main Components

The article provides a comparative analysis of the influence of L.N. Tolstoy and I.I. Sergiev (John of Kronstadt) on the formation of personal worldview in Russian society. The analysis is based on the testimonies of the contemporaries and the previously not reissued publication of “Novy Put” (“New Way”) journal on the subject. In the context of the declared problematics, special attention is paid to the question of transformation of religious consciousness in the course of the personality formation in relation to the period under consideration (the beginning of the 20th century). The author reveals and analyzes the main components of the life stand of Tolstoy and Father John of Kronstadt in the context of their influence on contemporaries. The results of the study allow to reveal the following antitheses that characterize Tolstoy and John of Kronstadt, respectively: doubt - faith, search for oneself – following the once chosen path, preaching of non-resistance as part of the philosophy of not-doing (not doing evil) – preaching of active upholding of faith (doing good), “simple living” – real life with and for common people.

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