scholarly journals The specifics of the corporate model of local self-government and the divergence of modern approaches to self-government at the local level in the Commonwealth countries

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 86-97
Author(s):  
A. Larichev
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Municipal Government ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Public Corporations ◽  
Legal Method ◽  
Corporate Character ◽  
Corporate Model

The subject of the article is models of local self-government in Commonwealth countries.The purpose of this article is to substantiate or refute the hypothesis post-corporate model of local self-government is evolved.Methods of theoretical analysis are used, as well as legal methods, including the formal legal method and the method of comparative law.The main results and scope of their application. The corporate model of local government can be characterized by the following features: the lack of full constitutional recognition of local government as an independent form of public authority; formal institutional autonomy of municipal units as public (private-public) corporations of a special type that are not included into the system of state power; limited functional autonomy; lack of constitutional recognition of citizens’ or local communities’ right(s) to local self-government; limited accountability of local governments to the population, including the lack of sufficient legislative guarantees for the election of local authorities. These characteristics, grounded also in the historical specificity of local government development in Great Britain and its colonies, as well as in peculiarities of development of municipal units’ status in English law, are determined by the corporate character of municipal government, which does not arise from the power of communities, but is formed by the state "from above". The author also analyzes the differences in approaches to regulation and organization of local government in the Commonwealth countries.Overcoming the historical heritage, laid by the genesis of municipal corporations, in a number of Commonwealth states, indicates the formation of a new, post-corporate model of local government, which can be characterized by some features: the establishment of constitutional autonomy of local government as a special form of public power, its development as a form of democracy with greater control over the forms of self-government and governance at the local level by the population, as well as the establishment of a link between self-government and the local community. The proposed analysis may become a crucial point for future research in the field of post-corporate model of local self-government.Conclusions. Such countries as Australia and Ireland can presently be considered in a state of transition to the post-corporate model of local self-government.

INSTITUTIONALIZATION OF PUBLIC CONTROL OVER ACTIVITY OF LOCAL GOVERNMENTS

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
Селиванова ◽  
Elena Selivanova ◽  
Малахова ◽  
Oksana Malakhova
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Ecological Condition ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Public Control ◽  
Local Budget

Authors concentrate attention on features of formation of system of public control at the level of local community. Potential of system of local government is analyzed from the point of view of spheres of public control; author´s approach to classification of authors of public control at the local level is formulated. The key directions of public control from the side of citizens and public associations at the local level are emphasized: formation of the local budget and its expenditure, ecological condition of the territory, improvement, pricing of utility payments and other range of questions and democratic procedures.

scholarly journals Digitalization of Local Government in a Big City: Tools, Barriers and Strategies

2020 ◽  
pp. 158-171
Author(s):  
D. O. Kutsenko
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Diffusion Of Innovation ◽  
Information Transfer ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Municipal Government ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Large City ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Municipal Governance ◽  
Large Cities

The purpose of this article is to identify barriers to the implementation of digitalization of local (municipal) government in a large city through an analysis of digitalization tools and strategies. In order to answer this question, an analysis of the e-government and digitialization of municipal governance frameworks in particular was conducted. The theory of diffusion of innovation and the concept of e-government (e-governance and local e-governance) formed the theoretical basis of the study. The empirical base of the research was formed by foreign and Russian platforms used in municipal governance: «Fix My Street», «Creative Citizens», «coUrbanize», «Urban Interactive Studio», «CityPlanner», «Commonplace», «Sticky World», «Crowdgauge», «Твой бюджет», «Наш Санкт-Петербург». Qualitative analysis of digital and text data was used as a method. The experience of implementation of digitization tools at local level of power in different countries was also analyzed. The conclusions made in this work are applicable to large cities and are mainly focused on the Russian Federation. The application of e-governance principles has three components: information transfer in the digital space, transactions and communication in it. If implemented correctly and gradually in a municipal administration, digitalization can increase citizen involvement and trust in government. Nevertheless, the characteristics of municipal government should not be underestimated before digital technologies are used. In many large cities, an established system of local government should be implemented before digitalization. When developing a strategy for implementation of digital technologies, it is important to understand the model of habitual behavior of residents of a given municipal entity, because a universal approach does not always yield positive results. The main barriers to digitalization include: the need for continuous improvement of security systems and methods of storage and processing of citizens’ data using cloud technologies, including the development of appropriate strategies and government programs, the need to adapt the various tools of digitalization to the requirements and capabilities of the local community, the difficulty in assessing citizens’ demand for certain electronic resources, the need for related training activities for both citizens and municipal employees themselves; the need to engage independent experts from different fields to ensure the relevance and effectiveness of municipalities’ electronic portals and platforms.

Spatial and Institutional Analysis of the Voivodships Expenditure on Culture in the Years 2003 – 2015

e-Finanse ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 67-75
Author(s):  
Adam Mateusz Suchecki
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Institutional Analysis ◽  
The State ◽  
Cultural Institutions ◽  
Location Quotient ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
National Heritage

AbstractFollowing the completion of the process of decentralisation of public administration in Poland in 2003, a number of tasks implemented previously by the state authorities were transferred to the local level. One of the most significant changes to the financing and management methods of the local authorities was the transfer of tasks related to culture and national heritage to the set of tasks implemented by local governments. As a result of the decentralisation process, the local government units in Poland were given significant autonomy in determining the purposes of their budgetary expenditures on culture. At the same time, they were obliged to cover these expenses from their own revenues.This paper focuses on the analysis of expenditures on culture covered by the voivodship budgets, taking into consideration the structure of cultural institutions by their types, between 2003-2015. The location quotient (LQ) was applied to two selected years (2006 and 2015) to illustrate the diversity of expenditures on culture in individual voivodships.

Evolution of e-participation in Greek local government

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Constantina Costopoulou ◽  
Maria Ntaliani ◽  
Filotheos Ntalianis
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Community ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Mobile Apps ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
The Impact

Local governments are increasingly developing electronic participation initiatives, expecting citizen involvement in local community affairs. Our objective was to assess e-participation and the extent of its change in local government in Greece. Using content analysis for 325 Greek municipal websites, we assessed e-participation status in 2017 and 2018 and examined the impact of change between these years. The assessment regards two consecutive years since the adoption of digital technologies by municipalities has been rapid. The main findings show that Greek local governments have made significant small- to medium-scale changes, in order to engage citizens and local societies electronically. We conclude that the integration of advanced digital technologies in municipalities remains underdeveloped. We propose that Greek municipalities need to consider incorporating new technologies, such as mobile apps, social media and big data, as well as e-decision making processes, in order to eliminate those obstacles that hinder citizen engagement in local government. Moreover, the COVID-19 outbreak has highlighted the need for enhancing e-participation and policymakers’ coordination through advanced digital technologies.

scholarly journals Disaster management strategies and relation of good governance for the coastal Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-279
Author(s):  
Prabal Barua ◽  
◽  
Abhijit Mitra ◽  
Saeid Eslamian ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Management ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Management Policies

Although Bangladesh’s immense steps in preparing the disaster management policies following the values of good governance issue, the quantity to which these policies have productively been executing at the local level remnants mostly unknown. The objectives of this investigation were dual: firstly, to inspect the roles and efficiency of the local-level governance and disaster management organization, and lastly, to recognize the obstacles to the execution of national the policies and Disaster-Risk-Reduction guidelines at the local community level. The authors applied qualitative research and case Study approach, using techniques from the Participatory Rural Appraisal toolbox to collect data from local community members as well as government and NGO officials. From the finding of the study, it was revealed that interactive disaster governance, decentralization of disaster management, and compliance by local-level institutions with good governance principles and national policy guidelines can be extremely effective in reducing disaster-loss and damages. According to coastal community members, the local governments have generally failed to uphold good governance principles, and triangulated data confirm that the region at large suffers from rampant corruption, political favoritism, lack of transparency and accountability and minimal inclusion of local inhabitants in decision-making – all of which have severely impeded the successful implementation of national disaster-management policies. This study contributes to these research gaps, with identification of further research agenda in these areas. The paper deals with International Sendai Framework that called for enhancement of local level community resilience to disasters. Thus, it contributes to numerous policy and practice areas relating to good disaster governance. The study identified the specific manifestations of these failures in coastal communities in Bangladesh. These results underscore the vital need to address the wide gap between national DRR goals and the on-the-ground realities of policy implementation to successfully enhance the country’s resilience to climate change-induced disasters.

scholarly journals URGENCY OF INSURANCE FOR CULTURAL HERITAGE BUILDING IN SURABAYA

Yuridika ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 232
Author(s):  
Hilda Yunita Sabrie
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Third Parties ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Heritage Buildings ◽  
Heritage Building

The cultural heritage of a region is the identity and richness of history for the region. Given the importance of the existence of cultural heritage in an area, the local government should pay special attention to the continuity of its existence. Through inventory, listing the cultural heritages, maintenance until its restoration must be done properly and continuously. This is not only the responsibility of the local government, but it is the responsibility of all parties including the local community. But in practice, local government or society are less concerned about the existence of cultural heritage in the area. This research focuses on cultural heritage buildings in Surabaya because this city is one of the cities in Indonesia which has many buildings of cultural heritage with various conditions. Local governments need to act quickly and effectively to solve the problem, so the solution can be done by including third parties such as insurance companies engaged in the insurance of losses, which can help to cover some form of damage that occurred in the building of the reserve culture in Surabaya. From the problems mentioned above, the research method used is statute approach and conceptual approach.

Performance reporting delay in local government: a global south view

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 477-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Wharton Kaye-Essien
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Global South ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Performance Reporting ◽  
Reporting Delays ◽  
Reporting Delay

PurposeThe object of this paper is to understand how central–local relations and internal technical characteristics contribute to performance reporting delays at the local level in a Global South context.Design/methodology/approachThe paper develops and tests four propositions using a combination of secondary data analyses and semistructured interviews with 30 local government officials.FindingsThe findings indicate that delays in performance reporting are generally high in pre-election years because leadership commitments at the local level largely shift toward national politics (campaigning for re-election of the president). Additional reporting delays were found to be the result of low financial capacity to maintain appropriate data collection and management systems, lack of highly trained monitoring and evaluation experts at the local level and lack of sanctions for noncompliance.Research limitations/implicationsThe fact that some types of Districts (large municipalities and metro areas with access to large financial resources) were excluded from the analysis induces some bias to the findings. The choice of 30 out of a total 260 local governments limits the analyses to only 12% of views and perceptions of local government reporting delay. Additionally sourcing responses from a few monitoring and evaluation (M&E) personnel out of hundreds of mid- to upper-level employees limited the breath of discussions that could have resulted from a broader study.Practical implicationsThe results of this paper suggest that any attempt at imposing sanctions on late reporting may not be very successful since national party politics, which lie outside the control of municipalities, is one of the main factors that drive reporting delay. Rather than imposing sanctions, government should consider incentivizing the reporting process. On the other hand, since internally generated funds (IGF) and the M&E team are factors that lie within the control of the municipality, any attempt to decrease reporting delay should first focus on improving local revenues and strengthening municipal M&E capacity building.Originality/valueThis paper adds to the existing literature by offering directions for approaching performance reporting delay in two ways. First, it emphasizes central–local relations as an important political determinant of performance reporting delay. Second, it explores reporting delay in Ghana's local governments and therefore provides useful insights from a Global South perspective.

scholarly journals Development of a Local Health-Enhancing Physical Activity Policy Analysis Tool in France: CAPLA-Santé

2020 ◽  
pp. 152483992091646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoine Noël Racine ◽  
Aurélie Van Hoye ◽  
Amandine Baron ◽  
Flore Lecomte ◽  
Jean-Marie Garbarino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Policy Analysis ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
World Health ◽  
Intersectoral Collaboration ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Health Enhancing Physical Activity

The promotion of health-enhancing physical activity (HEPA) has become a key objective in public health policy. Therefore, based on the national HEPA Policy Audit Tool Version 2 (HEPA PAT v2) of the World Health Organization, a tool was designed to support local governments in assessing HEPA policies. This study aims to describe the adaptation and testing of the HEPA policy analysis tool (CAPLA-Santé) at the local level in France. The work was conducted in three stages: (1) an intersectoral group of experts was constituted, and the group adapted each item of the HEPA PAT v2 tool to the local level; (2) a testing phase with seven local governments helped to collect data and feedback on the tool; and (3) a final workshop was organized to adjust and finalize the tool. The final version of CAPLA-Santé contains 21 items divided into six major sections: overview of HEPA stakeholders in the local government area, policy documents, policy contents, funding and political engagement, studies and measures relating to physical activity in the local government area, and progress achieved and future challenges. CAPLA-Santé allows the collection and in-depth analysis of local level policies to assess the progress in promoting HEPA and intersectoral collaboration as well as identifying successful policy levers and remaining challenges.

POSITIONING ISLAMIC GIFT ECONOMY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AT THE LOCAL LEVEL

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anidah Robani ◽  
Kamal Salih
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Capitalist Development ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Gift Economy ◽  
Development Agenda

Purpose: The general objective of this study is to explore the potential of Islamic Gift Economy in relation to sustainable development at the local level. This paper is therefore, highlights conceptually some preliminary insights on how the Sustainable Development (SD) and the Islamic Economy can be incorporated into a broader sustainability framework involving the three pillars of economic, social and environmental (ESE) sustainability. Methodology: This paper is abouta preliminary conceptual exploration into the meaning, and potential of Islamic Gift Economy in enhancing sustainable development at the local level. Main findings: The central argument of this article revolves around the idea that Islamic Gift Economy with its focus on social justice (‘adl), balance (mizan), and common good (maslahaha’mmah)can be an alternative economic paradigm and development model in this post-capitalist development agenda. Application of the study: This study may be beneficial to policy makers from national to local/community level on how to enhance local/village economy through Islamic Gift Economy. Novelty/Originality of the study: This paper intends to propose an integral framework on the relationship between IGE and sustainable development at the local level. Theoretical and policy implications, and opportunities for future research were also highlighted.

scholarly journals Cooperation Between Local Government and Non- Governmental Organizations as a Platform for The Development of Social Dialogue

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 12-16
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Smalec ◽  
Agata Niemczyk ◽  
Renata Seweryn
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Social Dialogue ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Local Problems ◽  
The One ◽  
Time And Energy

The independence of territorial self-governments in the process of implementing the tasks imposed on them does not mean that they have to implement them independently. Achieving the assumed goals of action often requires skillful cooperation with other entities, including non- governmental organizations. Local government is the closest partner of non-governmental organizations, not only through action in the local community, but above all through a community of purpose, which is to meet the needs of residents. NGOs represent the local community. The basis for the functioning of the state is social dialogue. The guarantee of successful cooperation between partners is cooperation based, on the one hand, on the awareness of local governments of jointly diagnosing and solving local problems, and on the other ‒ on the awareness of non-governmental organizations to jointly implement their goals. It should be emphasized that territorial self-government ‒ fulfilling statutory tasks and non- governmental organizations (voluntary associations of people devoting their time and energy to achieve social goals) are two different types of entities. Dialogue and cooperation between them should aim to integrate and mobilize entities to improve the quality of life in small homelands. The main goal of the article is therefore to draw attention to the importance of cooperation between territorial self-governments and non-governmental organizations in order to achieve positive results. It emphasizes the principles on which such cooperation should be based. The areas of this cooperation were indicated, giving examples of practices. The work mainly uses the desk research method in the form of literature analysis, reports and exploitation of online resources, as well as case analysis.

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