scholarly journals International trade: key trends for the first 20 years of the XXI century (2001—2020)

2021 ◽  
pp. 16-27
Author(s):  
I.S. Gladkov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Commodity Trade ◽  
International Commodity ◽  
Geographical Structure ◽  
Russian Scientific ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
First Time

The most important changes in the dynamics of international commodity turnover of the first two decades of the XXI century are considered. For the first time the shifts in the geographical structure of global exports and imports of commodity products are analyzed. A conclusion is made about the repeated regrouping of forces among the 25 largest exporting and importing countries, still controlling approximately four fifths of the total value of the global commodity turnover. It shows the main trends in foreign trade activities of the leading subjects of international commodity trade, including the Russian Federation. The methodology of comparative and statistical analysis on the basis of the latest statistical materials, a number of official and estimated author’s data, introduced in the Russian scientific turnover for the first time, is used.

Tools for Protecting Agri-Food Markets in Trade Unions

2020 ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
E.Yu. Frolova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Food Markets ◽  
International Policy ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
Regulatory Measures ◽  
The Russian Federation

Regulation of international trade relations is an essential part of international policy. The article provides a classification and describes the features of the main trade and economic unions of countries, analyzes measures and tools for organizing international trade and protecting domestic agri-food markets of countries that are members of these unions, and also reveals the principles on which their work is based. We consider the effect of certain regulatory measures for countries where food exports or imports play a significant role in their economy. Examples are given of situations in which countries or unions decide to use certain tools. The example of the Russian Federation shows how the use of tools for regulating foreign trade operations affects the domestic market and describes the obstacles that Russian food exporters may face when entering international markets.

Major Approaches to Assessing the Fiscal Sustainability of the Constituent Entities of the Russian Federation

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 577-583
Author(s):  
L. A. Tuaeva ◽  
I. Z. Toguzova ◽  
S. K. Tokaeva
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Fiscal Sustainability ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Universal System ◽  
Russian Scientific ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
State And Local

The presented study develops theoretical and methodological foundations for assessing the fiscal sustainability of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in perspective.Aim. The study aims to develop a systems approach to assessing the fiscal sustainability of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in the medium and long term.Tasks. The authors analyze the major approaches to assessing the fiscal sustainability of federal subjects and determine the significance of quantitative and qualitative assessment methods in the development of a methodology for assessing the fiscal sustainability of federal subjects in the medium and long term.Methods. This study uses scientific methods of cognition, analysis and synthesis, comparison and analogy, systems and institutional approaches to assess the fiscal sustainability of federal subjects.Results. The authors examine the major approaches to assessing the fiscal sustainability of federal subjects developed by Russian scientific schools and disciplines; approaches used by state and local authorities; approaches to assessing the fiscal sustainability of federal subjects used by international and national rating agencies; foreign experience. In general, this implies the development of a universal system of indicators for assessing the fiscal sustainability of federal subjects.Conclusions. It is substantiated that under the current conditions of new challenges, particularly in the context of the coronavirus pandemic, it is necessary to assess the long-term balance and sustainability of the budgets of federal subjects using a systems approach based on quantitative and qualitative methods, making allowance for the medium- and long-term prospects to make efficient management decisions at different levels of the economic system.

scholarly journals Problems of the preliminary customs informing system and the introduction of the Single Window at the sea check points of the Russian Federation

2018 ◽  
Vol 239 ◽  
pp. 04004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana Maydanova ◽  
Igor Ilin
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
Check Points ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Economic Union ◽  
National Governments

The Single Window concept in the international trade and logistics has been explored by international organizations and national governments over the last two decades. International standards and recommendations, government decisions on this approach are widespread today in both developed and developing countries. Similar decisions and legal acts were implemented during the last ten years by the Russian Federation, as a member of the Eurasian Economic Union. This article provides overview of the following coherent stage – the implementation of preliminary customs informing system at sea check points of the RF with concerns of the Single Window introduction.

The threat of outflow of individual deposits in systemically important banks of the Russian Federation: A retrospective analysis and regulatory outlook

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-21
Author(s):  
Yuliya S. EVLAKHOVA
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Too Big To Fail ◽  
Bank Run ◽  
Business Operations ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Stability ◽  
High Threat ◽  
Systemically Important Banks

Subject. The article focuses on the dynamics of individual deposits in the Russian systemically important banks as a factor of the stability of available resources. Objectives. I assess the threat of individual deposits outflowing from the Russian too-big-to-fail banks within 2015–2019. I correspondingly outline recommendations for mitigating the threat in the future. Methods. The study is based on methods of logic, comparative and statistical analysis. I devised and applied our own algorithm for classifying too-big-to-fail banks by threat of individual deposit outflow and its level. Results. Systemically important banks were found to have not been exposed to the high threat of bank run within 2015–2019. Three fundamental credit institutions were constantly exposed to the threat of individual deposit outflow. One of eleven systemic banks continuously demonstrated the low threat of individual deposit outflow. The rest of the banks were migrating among the low-threat and high-threat classes. Conclusions and Relevance. The Russian systemically important banks can refer to our findings to articulate their deposit policy, set and use digital accounts of retail customers. The Bank of Russian can rely on the analysis of the threat of individual deposit outflow and other data on financial and business operations of the banks and its sustainability as part of bank oversight procedures.

scholarly journals About the Results of Monitoring Researches of Ballast Waters and Data of Identification of the Vibrioes Strains Selected During the Ships Researches in Russian Seaports in 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-61
Author(s):  
S. Yu. Vodyanitskаyа ◽  
O. V. Sergienko ◽  
N. G. Ivanova ◽  
V. V. Balachnova ◽  
I. V. Arkhangelskаya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Ballast Water ◽  
International Convention ◽  
International Standard ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Ballast Waters ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Intestinal Infections ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
First Time

Relevance. In September, 2017 the International Convention on Control of Ships’ Ballast Waters and sediments, in which the Russian Federation takes part, came into effect.Aim of article is to cover the results of implementation of the Convention in Russia, regarding selection and analysis of ballast waters tests for compliance with the international standard.Material and methods. The materials for work were data on ship arrivals at the international seaports of the Russian Federation, provided by sanitary and quarantine departments of the Russian ports, and monitoring researches of ballast waters in seaports of some regions of the Russian Federation. Analytical, bacteriological, molecular methods were applied.Results. The studies of ballast waters in the Leningrad and Kaliningrad regions have been conducted for the first time in 2018, and in the Rostov region the study lasts since 2010. The laboratory researches of ships’ ballast showed that E. coli, Enterococcus spp. were in norm, V. cholerae O1 and O139 in ballast were absent. 12 of 21 ballast water tests investigated by specialists of the Rostov region laboratories contained V. cholerae non-O1/non-O139, ballast was taken on the ships which arrived from Romania and Turkey.Сonclusion. The results of the molecular and genetic researches suggest that there is a probability of V. сholeraе introduction brougth with ship ballast. Management decisions are demanded to ensure biological safety of shipping and to decrease intestinal infections incidence in residents of the seaside cities.

scholarly journals Constitution and Modernization of Legislation: Proceedings of the XV International School of Young Legal Scholars (Moscow, May 27 – June 5, 2020)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.Ya. Kapustin ◽  
I.I. Kucherov ◽  
S.A. Sinitsyn ◽  
A.I. Kovler ◽  
Yu.N. Kashevarova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Comparative Law ◽  
International School ◽  
International Union ◽  
A Value ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Legal Understanding ◽  
First Time ◽  
Epidemiological Situation

Modern constitutional transformations, asserting a “value” legal understanding, actualize theoretical and practical problems of legislative regulation, serve as a prereq- uisite for rethinking the essence, role and significance of law in the life of society, and determine the formulation of a number of issues related, first of all, to the qualitative implementation of novelties. This collection reflects the diversity and depth of scientific discussions of the XV In- ternational school of young legal scholars on the topic “Constitution and modernization of legislation”, which was held by the Institute of legislation and comparative law under the Government of the Russian Federation in cooperation with the International Union of lawyers. In the context of a difficult epidemiological situation related to the spread of corona- virus infection, in order to protect the health of conference participants, the organizing Committee decided to hold the XV School remotely (by correspondence). For the first time, all its scientific events were held online. The participants had a unique opportunity to communicate with the direct developers of amendments to the Constitution of the Russian Federation, present their reports in a new format.

scholarly journals Length of productive life the cows of Simmental breed

2021 ◽  
Vol 213 (10) ◽  
pp. 31-39
Author(s):  
L. Ignat'eva ◽  
A. Sermyagin
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Productive Life ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. The purpose of the research was to assess the duration of the length of productive life of Simmental cows. Methods. The research was carried out on Simmental cows bred in 14 regions of the Russian Federation, the total livestock was 8 832 heads. The calculation of the heritability coefficients and correlation (genetic and paratypic) was carried out by using the programs RENUMF90 and REMLF90. Results. A fairly strong relationship was established between the duration of a productive life (months) and the age of culling (lactations) r = +0.795, the length of productive life (months) and lifetime productivity within the range of +0.669…+0.714. However, the relationship between the age of culling (lactations) and lifetime productivity is moderate, from +0.261 to +0.316. A moderate negative relationship was obtained between the age of culling (lactations) and milk yield per first lactation from –0.472 to –0.486. The average relationship was found between milk yield per first lactation and lifetime productivity from +0.567 to +0.588. Cows of the Altai Territory (3.08 lactations or 61.6 months), the Republic of Mordovia (3.38 lactations or 62.4 months) and the Lipetsk region (3.40 lactations or 65.7 months) were distinguished by low age of culling. While the greatest length of productive life was noted in animals and Bryansk (5.48 lactations or 86.9 months) and Irkutsk regions (4.57 lactations or 77.1 months). Bryansk (23 630 kg of milk), Tyumen (18 156 kg) and Irkutsk (17 751 kg) regions occupied the leading positions in lifetime productivity of cows in the sample, while the outsiders were the regions of traditional cattle breeding - Altai Territory (12658 kg of milk), the Republic of Bashkiria (12 482 kg). Scientific novelty. For the population Simmental cattle of the Russian Federation, for the first time, an assessment of selection and genetic parameters of lifelong productivity and length of productive life of Simmental cows was carried out, depending on the breeding region.

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