scholarly journals Trends in the development of economic theory and economic science

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-77
Author(s):  
S. S. Repin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Economic Science ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
Development Of Economic Theory

Economic theory today is characterized by high development, current changes that contain the main attitudes, technologies, firms — their economic interests, general psychological actions on government steps of influence.

scholarly journals LA FORMALIZZAZIONE MATEMATICA NELLE TEORIE ECONOMICHE: PROBLEMI E PROSPETTIVE

2013 ◽  
pp. 73-89
Author(s):  
Giovanni Marseguerra
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Quantitative Approach ◽  
Peculiar Feature ◽  
Economic Science ◽  
Real Economy ◽  
The Real ◽  
Mathematical Formalization ◽  
Development Of Economic Theory

Riassunto. – All’interno della comunità degli economisti sembra essere oggi presente un crescente disagio e un diffuso malcontento relativamente alle capacità della modellistica neoclassica di comprendere e spiegare i fenomeni economici. La relazione intende esaminare criticamente il contributo della formalizzazione matematica nelle teorie economiche, mettendo in evidenza sia punti di forza di un tale approccio sia le debolezze insite in un’analisi che rischia spesso di privilegiare la bellezza dello strumento rispetto all’oggetto di studio. Si considerano poi alcune delle moderne prospettive per l’indagine economica offerte dalla modellistica basata sulla simulazione a computer che consente di tener conto della complessità della realtà in misura maggiore di un approccio puramente analitico. Viene infine evidenziata l’importanza di garantire la coesistenza di una pluralità di scuole di pensiero in economia e si esaminano altresì le difficoltà per la valutazione della ricerca provocate dall’esistenza di un paradigma dominante. Nelle conclusioni viene enfatizzata la necessità di considerare l’economia come una vera scienza sociale.***Abstract. – There is today a widespread discontent within the international economists’ community as far as the capacity of the dominant neoclassical paradigm both to enhance our knowledge of economic phenomena and increase our capacity of governing the real economy. Somehow surprisingly, the lack of explicative relevance of the theory went almost hand in hand with the massive use of mathematics to formalize the theory. In order to investigate this peculiar feature of the evolution of economic science, this paper examines the contribution of mathematical formalization to the development of economic theory in the last sixty years pointing out both weaknesses as well as merits of a quantitative approach to economics. Finally, the need to consider economics as a truly social science si strongly emphasized.

How Many Paradigms There are in Economic Theory – and Can it Become a One-paradigm Science

2021 ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Dmitrij Egorov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Economic Science ◽  
Individual Choice ◽  
Equilibrium System ◽  
The Past ◽  
Scientific Disciplines ◽  
Modern Economic ◽  
Development Of Economic Theory ◽  
Science Subject

Over the past 100 years, economics has stood out from other scientific disciplines because of the presence of two fundamentally different approaches to understanding its subject: from a systemic point of view, and from the point of view of individual choice. All the main directions of modern economic theory turn out to be reducible to two paradigms, conceptually related to two main interpretations of the economic science subject. The understanding of the economy as an equilibrium or non-equilibrium system is associated with two said paradigms. The author believes that the development of economic theory after Keynes can be interpreted as a series of attempts to integrate the identified paradigms. In another form, this is the question of the synthesis of micro- and macro-approaches in economic theory. 

scholarly journals F. Von Hayek: Invention of the Enemy and Modern Neoliberalism

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 022-029
Author(s):  
Petr A. Orekhovsky ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Market Design ◽  
The Political ◽  
Economic Science ◽  
Private Money ◽  
Political Category ◽  
Development Of Economic Theory

The paper considers the evolution of the category “political” in the development of economic theory of the XVIII – XX centuries. It demonstrates the departure of economic science from ideological assessments characteristic for the antagonistic relations of early capitalism. In the 1940s – 1950s F. von Hayek reintroduces the concept of “enemy” into economic researches, which is met with strong rejection by the Western establishment, which is under the influence of Keynesianism. F. von Hayek is one of the founders of neoliberalism, within the framework of which an antagonistic confrontation between the “blind forces of the market” and the “dictatorship of a group of people” is being constructed. Thus, a dilemma is imposed, which does not provide an opportunity to understand the mechanisms of market design. Von Hayek is making great efforts to create a transatlantic network of neoliberal organizations based on the Mont Pelerin Society. Long work leads to the fact that in the 1970s. neoliberalism is becoming the ideology - hegemon. At present, the political category retains its significance in economic science. Ideological constructs such as human capital, private money, diffused knowledge, despite their utopianism, continue to transform reality

ABOUT CONCEPTUAL SCHEMES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF ECONOMIC SCIENCE

2020 ◽  
pp. 56-62
Author(s):  
Cyril V. FENIN
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Natural Science ◽  
Economic Thought ◽  
Economic Science ◽  
Economic Knowledge ◽  
Science Knowledge ◽  
Conceptual Schemes ◽  
Development Of Economic Theory

We carried out a theoretical analysis of various concepts used to describe and explain the development, progress and evolution of economic theory (economic science). The study found that the dynamics and transformations of economic theory were described using models of the development of scientific knowledge of three prominent philosophers and thinkers, namely: K.R. Popper, T. Kuhn and I. Lakatos. Nevertheless, the merits of each of these conceptual schemes are balanced by shortcomings, following mainly from the fact that K.R. Popper, T. Kuhn and I. Lakatos's concepts were developed to analyze the development of natural science knowledge. In this regard, an attempt was made to describe and explain the development of economic science through the use of an earlier approach - the law of the intellectual evolution of humanity by A. Comte. This approach reveals its advantages, expressed in the simplicity of presentation, openness to further research and interpretation of new results in the field of research on the development of economic thought. At the same time, it is worth noting the existence of shortcomings of the author's approach, consisting in the difficulty of establishing a chronological framework for the development of economic theory, the impossibility of using the A. Comte's law to describe the evolution of all economic schools, the fuzziness of the boundaries (periods) of the development of economic knowledge and a simplified understanding of the development of science itself as non-discontinuous progress - improvement.

The Idea of a Meaningful Synthesis of Marxist and Non-Marxist Systems of Political Economy as a Mirror of Intellectual Turmoil (About V.T. Ryazanov’s Book «Modern Political Economy: Prospects of Neo-Marxist Synthesis»)

2019 ◽  
pp. 74-98
Author(s):  
A.B. Lyubinin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Political Economy ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Economic Science ◽  
Objective Reality ◽  
Commodity Production ◽  
Subjective Assessments ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Political Economic

Review of the monograph indicated in the subtitle V.T. Ryazanov. The reviewer is critical of the position of the author of the book, believing that it is possible and even necessary (to increase the effectiveness of General economic theory and bring it closer to practice) substantial (and not just formal-conventional) synthesis of the Marxist system of political economy with its non-Marxist systems. The article emphasizes the difference between the subject and the method of the classical, including Marxist, school of political economy with its characteristic objective perception of the subject from the neoclassical school with its reduction of objective reality to subjective assessments; this excludes their meaningful synthesis as part of a single «modern political economy». V.T. Ryazanov’s interpretation of commodity production in the economic system of «Capital» of K. Marx as a purely mental abstraction, in fact — a fiction, myth is also counter-argued. On the issue of identification of the discipline «national economy», the reviewer, unlike the author of the book, takes the position that it is a concrete economic science that does not have a political economic status.

Technical or political? The socialist economic calculation debate

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiago Camarinha Lopes
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Austrian School ◽  
Economic Calculation ◽  
Standard Interpretation ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
Mainstream Economics ◽  
Political Position ◽  
Socialist Economic ◽  
Technical Terms

Abstract The paper presents both the key arguments and the historical context of the socialist economic calculation debate. I argue that Oskar Lange presented the most developed strategy to deal with bourgeois economics, decisively helping to create the scientific consensus that rational economic calculation under socialism is possible. Lange’s arguments based on standard economic theory reveal that the most ardent defenders of capitalism cannot reject socialism on technical terms and that, as a consequence, the Austrian School was left with no choice but to diverge from mainstream economics in its search to develop a framework that could support its political position. This shows that Mises’ challenge from 1920 was solved and has been replaced by a political posture developed by Hayek and leading Austrians economists, who have been struggling since the 1980s to revise the standard interpretation of the socialist economic calculation debate. I argue that this revision should not be uncritically accepted and conclude that socialism cannot be scientifically rejected; it can only be politically rejected, by those whose economic interests it opposes.

First International Lvov Forum

2021 ◽  
pp. 155-162
Author(s):  
Svetlana L. Sazanova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Economic System ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
System Development ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Economic Science ◽  
Economic Knowledge ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Russian Scientific ◽  
The Face

The article is devoted to the analysis of the content and results of the First International Lvov Forum, dedicated to the 90th anniversary of the birth of Academician D. S. Lvov (1930–2007). The forum was held on October 20–21, 2020 at the State University of Management with the support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR), project No. 20-010-22058. Major Russian and foreign scientists, academicians and corresponding members of the Russian Academy of Sciences, leading Russian universities, universities of the Czech Republic, France, Bulgaria and other countries took part in the First Lvov Forum. The Forum discussed fundamental problems of modern Russian and world economic science, including: the problem of the crisis of the paradigm of economic theory; the problem of the relationship between philosophical and economic knowledge; the need to form a new paradigm of economic science; the problem of interaction between society, state and business at the micro, meso and macro levels in the face of modern challenges; place and role of Russia in the world socio-economic system; development strategy of the Russian socio-economic system in the context of the new paradigm of economic science in the context of modern challenges. The discussion of the above fundamental problems was on the basis of a synthesis of the principle of dichotomy and a systematic approach. The First Lvov Forum took a significant place among such major Russian scientific events as the Gaidar Economic Forum, the Krasnoyarsk Economic Forum, the Moscow Economic Forum, etc. due to the relevance of the problems considered at the Forum, the novelty of the methods proposed for their solution. The ideas of Russian and foreign scientists presented at the Forum can be used for the further development of modern economic theory, as well as for the development of programs for the development of the Russian economy at the micro, meso and macro levels.

The Mythology of the «Keynesian Crisis» or Where Is Keynes Calling Russia?

Vestnik NSUEM ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 22-34
Author(s):  
V. Z. Balikoev
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Invisible Hand ◽  
Author State ◽  
State Capitalism ◽  
Free Competition ◽  
Relevant Today ◽  
Laissez Faire ◽  
Government Management ◽  
Development Of Economic Theory

The article analyzes and criticizes a vicious practice of the economists who attribute the ideas to the eminent economists who didn’t elaborate those ideas.The practice existed in the 19th and 20th centuries. It does exist today. It has done a huge damage to the development of economic theory and certain and specific economic sciences. Especially in the last century Keynesianism was at the receiving end since it clearly defined the watershed between the obsolete but die-hard «laissez-faire» economic theory – «invisible hand of the market»,free competition and government management of the economy.In this regard the economic theory constantly faces the question of certain «Keynesianism crisis», allegedly indicative of obsolescence of Keynesianism as economic theory.The article on the contrary proves that «Keynesianism crisis» is far-fetched and of ideological nature. Keynesianism itself is relevant today, more than ever, especially in the conditions of Russia, where, according to invincible belief of the author,state-directed market economy named state capitalism is being formed slowly and surely.

Development of Economic Theory on Fisheries Regulation

1979 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
pp. 725-741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Scott
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Public Choice ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Transactions Costs ◽  
Economic Literature ◽  
Quota System ◽  
Two Systems ◽  
Fisheries Regulation ◽  
Development Of Economic Theory

A survey of the economic literature of fisheries regulation shows that little of analytical value for the comparison of alternative regulatory techniques has emerged. The suggestion that the general literature on regulation, and on public choice, has something to contribute to the understanding of alternative regimes produces eight criteria. These are applied to the choice between two systems of restricting entry: a tax, and quotas. The transactions costs of the two systems are also investigated. The hypothesis is formed that the eight criteria, plus expected transactions costs, give the edge to a quota system; but this is only illustrative of the approach. Key words: regulation, management, costs, quotas, taxes, revenue, licensing

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