scholarly journals ENVIRONMENTAL DEVELOPMENTS IN MALAYSIA: A REVIEW ON CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES AHEAD TO ECO-INNOVATE

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
JS Keshminder

Climate change is taking a toll on governments around the world as it is a challenge to determine the most effective environmental policies to promote eco-innovation. This paper investigates the environmental developments that have taken place in Malaysia to address the challenges and opportunities to promote eco-innovation. Past and present literature was qualitatively analyzed to prepare the environmental review for this study. The results suggest that Malaysia is implementing more superior environmental policies to promote eco-innovation. Command and control-based approach is slowly being replaced with guided self-regulation approach and cradle-to-cradle principle. The evidence suggests several shortcomings where the large industries are not given adequate focus under the environmental agenda and a holistic eco-innovation framework is yet to emerge. 

Author(s):  
Peter O’Connor

The Web provides unprecedented opportunities for Web site operators to implicitly and explicitly gather highly detailed personal data about site visitors, resulting in a real and pressing threat to privacy. Approaches to protecting such personal data differ greatly throughout the world. To generalize greatly, most countries follow one of two diametrically opposed philosophies—the self-regulation approach epitomized by the United States, or the comprehensive omnibus legislative approach mandated by the European Union. In practice, of course, the situation is not so black and white as most countries utilize elements of both approaches. This chapter explains the background and importance of protecting the privacy of personal data, contrasts the two major philosophical approaches to protection mentioned above, performs a comparative analysis of the current situation throughout the world, and highlights how the legislative approach is being adopted as the de facto standard throughout the world. The use of trust marks as an alternative to the self-regulation or legislative approach is also discussed, while the effectiveness of each of these efforts is also examined.


Author(s):  
Bettina Lange

This chapter examines the strengths and weaknesses of ‘command and control’ environmental standards. It argues that a key shortcoming of such standards is a ‘conceptualization gap’: i.e. limited conceptualizations of how the natural environment works, and how it is influenced by human actions. After considering a working definition of command and control standards, the chapter discusses their significance, how they are related to self-regulation and economic incentives, and their implementation deficit. The chapter then explains how applied science models that analyse environmental risks can help to close the ‘conceptualization gap’ that limits the significance and effectiveness of command and control environmental standards. It suggests that closing the conceptualization gap can involve to rely on integrated and harmonized standards, which, in turn, can be achieved by using the abstract, conceptual, and thus potentially trans-jurisdictional ‘language of science’. To this end, the chapter introduces the DPSIR (Drivers, Pressures, States, Impacts, and Responses) applied science model, describing its features and highlighting its limitations in providing an integrated view of environmental risks.


2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 9-19
Author(s):  
Ike Iswary Lawanda

Purpose This is a methodological proposal that describes the access to information as a starting point, and the importance of access to information as the backbone for the values of investment with the notion of culture as shared beliefs, supported by information to communicate and provide awareness about issues related to environmental policy that is consistent with sustainable development. Data collection is done from census data of Cikarawang population, observation and in-depth interviews with informants of community leaders. Constructive theory constructs to identify the diversity of existing construction of and placing in the consensus. The goal of this methodology is to produce an informed and knowledgeable construction of, which simultaneously improving continuously. Constructivists do not intend to predict and control the real world and divert it but to reconstruct the world at the point of its existence: in the mind of the people of the community in Cikarawang village. The view of the importance of cultural institutions and traditional knowledge should not be ignored in reaching the target of practical dissemination of information regarding environmental policy should be conducted for further study the model of and the model for the construction of the constructed. The use of application in documenting myths and rituals of Cikarawang people is enabling the access of information of the people in learning the culture and language of Cikarawang. Moreover, it is the way to reach the goal of sustainable environment for the next generations. Design/methodology/approach The goal of this methodology is to produce an informed and knowledgeable construction of, which simultaneously improved continuously. Constructivists do not intend to predict and control the real world and divert it but to reconstruct the world at the point of its existence: in the mind of the constructor. In the process related to two aspects, : hermeneutic and dialectical. Aspects of individual construction of hermeneutic describe as compare and contrast to the dialectical aspects of individual construction of, so that each respondent was entered into the construction of another and entirely fused. Findings The access of information on asri to face global warming is to demonstrate the hybridity and syncretism of this everyday locality and to show how this global sense of place is a progressive sense of place which avoids defensive and exclusionary definitions of place and culture because they cannot be sustained in a world where understanding a place means understanding its connection to other places. However, the youths of Cikarawang are likely to self-identify, as liberals are also more supportive of progressive domestic social agenda than older generations. They are less overtly religious than the older generations. Research limitations/implications The access of information, is about trying to establish the existence of the collectivity by defining what makes it a community – isolating national characteristics, defining crucial historical moments or significant places. None of these implies that these meanings can be fixed. There might be useful to think of nations as projects which are never fully achieved. There are always alternative accounts which are being given, and alternative interpretations being made from different positions. Climate information needs to be made in accordance with the local context and activities of both of the content, format, timing and distribution (dissemination). Practical implications The undetermined that perceived lack of locals trying to understand the information about weather and climate change are delivered by using technology need to engage their participation to identify and develop adaptation and mitigation strategies. Knowledge about the weather and how to overcome it is also myths about the environment containing taboo and prohibition as well as the annual harvest ritual. Digital technology using application is the nearest object to individual youngsters to access information openly and individually. Access of information using apps and internet is bridging the issues of climate change, myths and rituals about environment, and generation gaps. Social implications The behavior of young people of Generation X are not heeding the ban in the experience of their ancestors. It is not only because of their belief in myth depleted but also in the absence of respected elders. Person figures which are respected as wise men or local leaders to be role models. In the past, knowledge and cultural information are presented, preserved, generated down to future generations. Nowadays, information about climate, weather, cultural knowledge in agriculture, irrigation, daily life, ritual, myth, and kinship is no longer simply rely on figures but the media that they believe in. Originality/value It is an interdisciplinary research of global knowledge, memory and communication. Digital technology-based application as the system to support access of information and the effort of documentation on community myths and rituals of remote people may affect on sustainable local wisdoms which protect and sustain the environment to be inherited to next generations. Web, private social networks, wikis and blogs are becoming important corporate tools for communication, collaboration and information-sharing. It is a way of young people in this Generation X most familiar in such as interactive, collaborative, managing knowledge, and managing global system and bridging generation gaps.


Author(s):  
Cary Coglianese ◽  
Evan Mendelson

The conventional view of regulation emphasises two opposing conditions: freedom and control. Government can either leave businesses with complete discretion to act according to their own interests, or it can impose regulations taking that discretion away by threatening sanctions aimed at bringing firms' interests into alignment with those of society, as a whole. This article focuses specifically on two alternatives to traditional, so-called command-and-control regulation: namely, meta-regulation and self-regulation. It defines these alternatives and situates their use in an overall regulatory governance toolkit. Drawing on the existing body of social science research on regulatory alternatives, this article identifies some of the strengths and weaknesses of both meta-regulation and self-regulation, and considers how these strengths and weaknesses are affected by different policy conditions.


Author(s):  
Robin Holt

This chapter discusses Shakespeare’s The Tempest, specifically Prospero’s experience as a leader. Born into a Dukedom, he is at first naïve, too wedded to his books, losing command and control of Milan. Exiled to an island, but increasingly savvy, he regains pre-eminence and restores his fortunes. But at the very last he voluntarily relinquishes power. Why such a gesture? Using Prospero’s fall, rise and fall anew as a motif, Holt argues that strategic activity has typically been understood as a varying blend of three modes of relating to the world: knowledge, vision, and will. The puzzle of Prospero’s gesture is discussed more generally as a frustration with all three modes, notably in their tendency to remove exponents from the vulnerabilities of ordinary life. Judgment is proposed as an alternative: a skeptical relationship of critique and care in which the concern with ordering well-defined boundaries and asserting organizational distinctiveness give way to more circumspect, unhomely, and particular distributions and associations of resources and people.


Author(s):  
Peter King

The chapter will be based on the experiences of a Colombian engineering company from 2003 through to 2013. The company was a local engineering office of an international oil services company based in Scotland but also, with substantial offices in USA and around the world. In 2003 the company was making a loss and in 2004 had to reduce down to 60 people. It had a traditional ‘command and control' approach to management. Over a period of 7 years, they developed a unique culture/working model which focused on allowing employees to contribute and participate in the running of the company and removed all bureaucratic barriers that restricted its employees from working effectively. The company grew to over 1,200 in 2013. The chapter proposes to explain how removing organization charts, eliminating policies and procedures, eliminating working hours, allowing employees to recruit new staff, manage their own holidays, and set their own salaries produced a purpose-driven and fully motivated and successful company.


2008 ◽  
Vol 128 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken Robinson

The world is facing two urgent crises. The first is the climate change crisis, a result of hundreds of years of problematic use of the planet's natural resources. The second, this article argues, is a crisis in public education, which is the result of an ‘exactly parallel’ misunderstanding and mismanagement of human resources. This article proposes that these crises need to be tackled together, and considers the emergence of digital cultures as presenting both significant challenges and opportunities.


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