scholarly journals Kosmopolitanisme dalam Majalah Penghiboer di Awal Abad Ke-20

Metahumaniora ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 136
Author(s):  
Ari J. Adipurwawijdana
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Literary History ◽  
World View ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Cultural Materialism ◽  
Global Society ◽  
Ethical Policy ◽  
The World

AbstrakSejarah kesusastraan Indonesia lazim dipandang memiliki awalnya denganterbitnya karya-karya yang diterbitkan dan dipromosikan Balai Pustaka sebagai bagiandari program otoritas kolonial Belanda dalam konteks Politik Etis. Namun, pandanganyang Balai Pustaka-sentris semacam ini mengabaikan aktivitas penulisan dan penerbitanyang dilakukan pihak swasta di berbagai kota selain Batavia. Tulisan ini bertujuanmenunjukkan betapa wawasan kelas menengah terdidik di Hindia Belanda pada awal abadkedua puluh melampaui yang direfleksikan dalam karya-karya terbitan Balai Pustaka.Untuk mencapai tujuan ini, diterapkan kajian materialis kultural yang memandangteks sastra maupun non-sastra sebagai bagian dari ekonomi dan kebudayaan material.Dengan berfokus pada majalah Penghiboer, yang terbit di Palembang, akan tampakbetapa warga kelas menengah Hindia-Belanda memiliki kehidupan yang kosmopolitan,yang memandang dirinya merupakan bagian dari masyarakat dunia, dan, karena itupula, menunjukkan ambivalensi dalam menyajikan identitas nasional.Kata kunci: Penghiboer, bacaan populer, majalah, Hindia Belanda, materialisme kulturalAbstractIndonesian literary history is commonly viewed to have had its beginnings in thepublication and promotion of works by Balai Pustaka as a part of the program of the Dutchcolonial authority under the auspices of the Ethical Policy. However, such Balai Pustaka-centricperspective often ignores the writing and publications carried out by the private sector in variouscities other than Batavia. This piece aims at exposing how the world view of the educated middleclass in the Dutch-Indies in the early twentieth century had gone beyond what is reflected in theworks published by Balai Pustaka. To achieve this objective,the cultural materialist approachis employed, which views literary and non-literary texts as apart of the economy and materialculture. Focusing on the magazine Penghiboer, published in Palembang, it will be apparenthow the members of the middle class in the Dutch Indies lived lives in the view that they were apart of a global society, and, therefore, also shows ambivalence in presenting national identity.Keywords: Penghiboer, popular reading, magazines, Dutch Indies, cultural materialism

scholarly journals Kosmopolitanisme dalam Majalah Penghiboer di Awal Abad Ke-20

Metahumaniora ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 136
Author(s):  
Ari J. Adipurwawijdana
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Literary History ◽  
World View ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Cultural Materialism ◽  
Global Society ◽  
Ethical Policy ◽  
The World

AbstrakSejarah kesusastraan Indonesia lazim dipandang memiliki awalnya denganterbitnya karya-karya yang diterbitkan dan dipromosikan Balai Pustaka sebagai bagiandari program otoritas kolonial Belanda dalam konteks Politik Etis. Namun, pandanganyang Balai Pustaka-sentris semacam ini mengabaikan aktivitas penulisan dan penerbitanyang dilakukan pihak swasta di berbagai kota selain Batavia. Tulisan ini bertujuanmenunjukkan betapa wawasan kelas menengah terdidik di Hindia Belanda pada awal abadkedua puluh melampaui yang direfleksikan dalam karya-karya terbitan Balai Pustaka.Untuk mencapai tujuan ini, diterapkan kajian materialis kultural yang memandangteks sastra maupun non-sastra sebagai bagian dari ekonomi dan kebudayaan material.Dengan berfokus pada majalah Penghiboer, yang terbit di Palembang, akan tampakbetapa warga kelas menengah Hindia-Belanda memiliki kehidupan yang kosmopolitan,yang memandang dirinya merupakan bagian dari masyarakat dunia, dan, karena itupula, menunjukkan ambivalensi dalam menyajikan identitas nasional.Kata kunci: Penghiboer, bacaan populer, majalah, Hindia Belanda, materialisme kulturalAbstractIndonesian literary history is commonly viewed to have had its beginnings in thepublication and promotion of works by Balai Pustaka as a part of the program of the Dutchcolonial authority under the auspices of the Ethical Policy. However, such Balai Pustaka-centricperspective often ignores the writing and publications carried out by the private sector in variouscities other than Batavia. This piece aims at exposing how the world view of the educated middleclass in the Dutch-Indies in the early twentieth century had gone beyond what is reflected in theworks published by Balai Pustaka. To achieve this objective,the cultural materialist approachis employed, which views literary and non-literary texts as apart of the economy and materialculture. Focusing on the magazine Penghiboer, published in Palembang, it will be apparenthow the members of the middle class in the Dutch Indies lived lives in the view that they were apart of a global society, and, therefore, also shows ambivalence in presenting national identity.Keywords: Penghiboer, popular reading, magazines, Dutch Indies, cultural materialism

The Place of Imagination

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Gatta
Keyword(s):  
Literary History ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
American Literary History ◽  
The World ◽  
Contemporary Writers

“Imagination,” a word evidently central to the vocation and sensibility of English Romantic poets, is likewise invoked often as a defining term in American literary history. But what are the theological implications of this crucial category, beginning with Coleridge’s seminal statements about it? How might the human faculty of imagination—often but doubtfully associated with an abstractly ethereal quality of mind—bear upon concrete facts of the world humans experience? And how, in the light of philosophic perspectives, together with Wendell Berry’s provocative reflections on “imagination in place,” might Imagination be understood as integral with the phenomenology of place? Such questions are addressed here by means of themes bearing on the Earthiness of Imagination, the Contemplative Reach of Imagination, and Numinous Layers of Place as Palimpsest. Literary texts analyzed to develop these themes include Whitman’s verse and works by two contemporary writers—poet Marilyn Nelson and novelist Alfred Véa.

Design in Deloney's Jack of Newbury

PMLA ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Dorsinville
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
World View ◽  
The State ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Literary Value ◽  
Greco Roman ◽  
Political Conception ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World

Jack of Newbury's surface realism in characters, setting, and speech has led to an underestimation of its historical and literary value. A close reading reveals the consistent use of the Greco-Roman ethical-political conception of the state, epitomized in the figure of the ruler. Deloney shows his familiarity with this tradition, probably known to him through Erasmus and Sidney, in the three controlling motifs of his novel. First, the middle class of weavers, represented in Jack's household and dramatized in allegories and symbols, is portrayed as a self-sufficient state where peace and harmony reign. Second, this state is shown to be such because of the nature of its ruler, Jack, a benevolent, generous, wise man. Third, the middle-class way of life—hard work, thriftiness, material gains—serves as princely education; accordingly, Jack, from a menial position, goes on to become ruler of the state. Jack of Newbury, as a systematical reordering of an aristocratic tradition, represents the world view of the emergent middle class; and as such, a momentous shift in the social temper of the Renaissance and an important step in the evolution of the novel.

scholarly journals POSTMODERN VISION OF THE WORLD IN MODERN LITERATURE

Keruen ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
S.V. Ananyeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
World View ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Gender Policy ◽  
The Past ◽  
Temporal Relationships ◽  
The World ◽  
Literary Process ◽  
The Media ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
And Gender

The leading trends in the world literary process are summarized in the article based on the analysis of modern Kazakh, Belarusian and Finnish literature, which are characterized by new approaches to the interpretation of reality, reflecting the postmodern world view. Prose writers and poets build complex spatio-temporal relationships in literary texts, when pictures of the past replace the present, complementing and concretizing what has already happened. The transformation of the structure of the work of art, the chain of incredible coincidences and repetitions, the lyrical-autobiographical nature of the narrative, the metaphorical style, mythological imagery make it possible to fancifully interweave pictures of reality and fiction. The authors continue the experiment with the language and text, graphic design in different fonts, the inclusion of SMS messages, visuals, editing and clip series of images. A characteristic feature of the works is autobiography. The theme of family, childhood and gender policy is becoming a leading topic in modern Finnish and Belarusian literature. The literary text comes closer to the media text. Belarusian, Kazakh and Finnish literature are active participants in the world literary process. A postmodern vision of the world opens up new possibilities for creating characters of heroes and entering into dialogue thanks to new literary translations.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyndsey Stonebridge
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Literary History ◽  
Legal History ◽  
Early Twenty ◽  
The World ◽  
National Citizenship ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mass Displacement ◽  
Post War

This book is about how a generation of writers and intellectuals in the mid-twentieth century responded to the emergence of a new category of person in the world: the modern refugee whose history, as has recently become clear once more, is also the history of the changing meanings of political and national citizenship in the later twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. The introduction offers a critical review of how literary and legal history eventually ended up telling the same story about exile and statelessness in the post-war period: the exile, usually European, emerges as an individual of conscience and agency, a victim of persecution who, nonetheless, is of his time; and the exile’s others, the refugees, sometimes but usually not European, caught in the dehumanizing movements of mass displacement and whose existence is recognized neither by the humanism of human rights nor by literary history.

Bobs and the “Character of Our Citizenship”

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-63
Author(s):  
Leah Payne
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Public Life ◽  
First Century ◽  
The Public ◽  
White Middle Class ◽  
The World ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Twenty First Century

Many view the twenty-first-century white Pentecostal-charismatic rejection of feminism, and enthusiasm for self-professed harasser of women, Donald J. Trump, as a departure from the movement’s late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century origins wherein many Pentecostal-charismatic women were welcomed into the public office of the ministry. Early Pentecostal writings, however, demonstrate that twenty-first-century white Pentecostal orientations toward women in public life are based in the movement’s early theological notions that women must uphold the American home, “rightly” ordered according to traditionally conservative, white, middle-class norms. An America wherein women work and minister primarily in the domicile, according to early white Pentecostals, would be a powerful instrument of God in the world. Thus, no matter how transgressive they may have appeared when it came to women speaking from the pulpit, for the most part, white Pentecostals sought to conserve the traditional social order of the home.

scholarly journals Witchcraft, Calvinism and Rural Society in the Netherlands: Storytelling in the Twentieth Century

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-48
Author(s):  
John Exalto
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
World View ◽  
Rural Society ◽  
Linear Process ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
The World ◽  
Rural Context ◽  
Good And Evil ◽  
The Devil

Abstract The disenchantment of the world initiated by the Enlightenment was not a linear process. Folktales show that a magical world-view persisted in rural society until about 1900. An analysis of two types of folktales demonstrates that even in orthodox Calvinism there were people to whom witchcraft was ascribed. The persistence of belief in witchcraft must be explained both from the rural context and in light of orthodox Calvinism, which held a literal belief in the powers of good and evil personified by God and the devil.

scholarly journals HISTORICAL ASPECT OF FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF PARTNERSHIP PEDAGOGY

2021 ◽  
pp. 193-201
Author(s):  
Larysa Tkachuk
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
World View ◽  
Historical Aspect ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Preparatory Period ◽  
The World ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Second Period ◽  
Pedagogy Development ◽  
Development Of Partnership

In the article, the periodization of the formation and development of partnership pedagogy has been based on socio-pedagogical prerequisites, clarifying the contribution of prominent philosophers, educator-innovators in the development of theoretical, methodological, and technological aspects of partnership pedagogy. The author divides the formation and development of the pedagogy of partnership into two periods: the preparatory and the development of the ideas of partnership pedagogy.The chronological framework of the preparatory period – from antiquity (V century BC) to the 80s of the XX century has been determined. There are two stages within the preparatory period: the first stage – from antiquity (V century BC) to the 50s of the twentieth century, the second stage – the 50–80s of the twentieth century. It has been established that within the first stage, the studied phenomenon is not the object of purposeful holistic study it appeals to it are spontaneous and unsystematic, knowledge about it is scanty and contradictory. The second stage of the preparatory period (the '50s – the mid-'80s of the twentieth century) has been characterized by a systematic study of certain aspects of the problem, the emergence of theories and concepts of cooperation pedagogy, which in the future form the basis of partnership pedagogy, help determine its formation and development.The peculiarities of the second period of the partnership pedagogy development (from 1986 to the present) have been clarified. Two stages of this period are distinguished by the author: the first – from 1986 to 2016, the second – from 2016 to the present. The first stage begins with the signing by the teachers-innovators of the Manifesto “Pedagogy of Cooperation” (1986) and has been characterized by a thorough scientific study, design of ways and means of development of the cooperation pedagogy. Since 2016, when the Concept of the New Ukrainian School has been adopted, the second stage of the second period of formation of partnership pedagogy begins. The concept of “partnership pedagogy” has been transferred from the world view to the normative plane; research is actively carried out, and ideas of partnership pedagogy are developed. Keywords: partnership pedagogy; cooperation pedagogy; philosophical thought; humanism; teachers-innovators; New Ukrainian School; periodization; formation and development.

scholarly journals ISLAMISASI METODE BERPIKIR: SEBUAH PEMIKIRAN AWAL

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
M. F. Zenrif
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
World View ◽  
Social Politics ◽  
National Education ◽  
Global Science ◽  
The World ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Islamic Civilization

<p>Not a few campus communities, either within the Ministry of Religious Affairs or the Ministry of National Education, who have not or deliberately failed to understand the necessity of Islamization of science. In fact, in the world of global science, many scholars believe that since the last half of the twentieth century it is a revival of Islam (the renaissance of Islam) which is at least characterized by the rise of the Islamization of science, economics, social, politics and so on. Methods of thinking and research methods are the foundation of the development of science, then both are actually an applicative form of the whole paradigm and the world view of the flow of knowledge. Islamization of thinking methods has duality characteristics, Mutawassith characteristics, and formulative characteristics. The research methods developed in both classical and modern Islamic times need to be reconstructed to give birth to the methods expected in Islam. For that reason, it takes dialogue simultaneously to contribute greatly to the creation of an Islamic civilization.</p><p> </p><p>Tidak sedikit masyarakat kampus, baik di lingkungan Departemen Agama atau Departemen Pendidikan Nasional, yang belum atau sengaja tidak memahami perlunya Islamisasi ilmu pengetahuan. Padahal, di dunia ilmu pengetahuan global, banyak pakar meyakini bahwa sejak paruh terakhir abad ke- 20 merupakan kebangkitan kembali Islam (the renaissance of Islam) yang setidaknya ditandai dengan timbulnya semangat Islamisasi ilmu pengetahuan, ekonomi, sosial, politik dan sebagainya. Metode  berfikir dan metode penelitian merupakan tumpuan dari pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan, maka keduanya  sesungguhnya merupakan bentuk aplikatif dari seluruh paradigma dan  world view aliran ilmu pengetahuan. Islamisasi metode berfikir memiliki karakteristik dualitas, karakteristik Mutawassith, dan karakteristik formulatif. Baik metode penelitian yang dikembangkan dalam Islam era klasik maupun modern perlu direkontruksi untuk melahirkan metode yang diharapkan dalam Islam. Untuk itu diperlukan dialog secara simultan untuk memberikan kontribusi yang besar terhadap terciptanya peradaban yang Islami. </p>

scholarly journals La littérature, entre livre et périodique (19e–21e siècles)

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alain Vaillant
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Literary History ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Historical Reality ◽  
Common Misconception ◽  
The Press ◽  
The Common ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

Il est habituellement entendu que la littérature est destinée à la publication en livre, qui seule confèrerait à l’auteur sa vraie légitimité. Or cette vision traditionnelle fausse la réalité historique: non seulement une masse écrasante de textes ‘littéraires’ est publiée exclusivement dans les périodiques, mais, dans le cas spécifique de la France, la presse reste pendant la plus grande part du 19e siècle le mode privilégié de publication. Même si, dans les premières décennies du 20e siècle, les relations vont se rééquilibrer entre le périodique et le non-périodique, cette hégémonie provisoire du périodique dans la communication littéraire joue un rôle déterminant dans l’émergence de ce qu’il est convenu d’appeler la ‘modernité’: au point qu’on peut soutenir, malgré l’idée reçue, que la littérature est alors devenue, à son corps défendant, un phénomène médiatique. C’est donc une réinterprétation globale de l’histoire littéraire, considérée par le prisme des modes de publication, qui est ici esquissée, aussi bien du point de vue de ses fondements théoriques que, plus concrètement, de sa périodisation pour les 19e–21e siècles. *** It is usually understood that literary publication is intended for books, which alone would confer on the author true legitimacy. However this traditional view distorts historical reality: not only an overwhelming mass of ‘literary’ texts is published exclusively in periodicals, but also, in the specific case of France, the press remains for most of the nineteenth century the privileged mode of publication. Even though, in the first decades of the twentieth century, relations will have found a new balance between periodical and the non-periodical forms, the provisional hegemony of the periodical in literary communication plays a decisive part in the emergence of what is conventionally known as ‘modernity’: to the point that it may be argued, despite the common misconception, that literature has become, against its own will, a media phenomenon. Thus, it is a global reinterpretation of literary history that is sketched here, seen through the prism of publication modes, both from the point of view of its theoretical foundations and, more concretely, of its periodization for the nineteenth to twenty-first centuries.

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