The prevalence of caries, def-t, and DMF-T index of children with Down Syndrome aged 6-14 years old

Down syndrome is a common genetic disorder also known as Trisomy 21. There are special orofacial features of children with Down syndrome in contrast to normal children. The increasing occurrence of dental caries in Down syndrome children may be caused by the exposure towards cariogenic foods nowadays. This research was aimed to determine the prevalence of caries, def-t, and DMF-T index of 6-14 years old children with Down syndrome at Bandung in 2011. This study was a descriptive study with the surveying technique. The population of this research was the Down syndrome students of Special School (SLB) in Bandung City region with the age range of 6-14 years old. The Special Schools participated in this study were Muhammadiyah Special School; YPLB C-Special School; Asih Manunggal C- Special School; Terate S-Special School; Aditya Grahita BC-Special School; and YPLB Cipaganti BC-Special School. The sample of this research was 30 students. The caries prevalence, def-t, and DMF-T index of the students was measured by the examination of decayed, extracted or missing, and filled teeth. The research results showed that the prevalence of caries was 93%, while the def-t index was 3.03 and DMF-T index was 6.1. The conclusion of this research was the caries prevalence of children with Down syndrome was very high, whereas the def-t index was categorized in the moderate level, and the DMF-T index was categorized in the high level.

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Orthodontic Aspects on the Chronological and Dental Age in Children with Down Syndrome

Revista de Chimie ◽

10.37358/rc.18.1.6075 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 69 (1) ◽

pp. 208-213

Author(s):

Mariana Pacurar ◽

Bogdan Dragomir ◽

Alina Silvana Szalontay ◽

Cristian Romanec

Keyword(s):

Down Syndrome ◽

Emotional Disorders ◽

Metabolic Diseases ◽

Genetic Disorder ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Deciduous Teeth ◽

Healthy Children ◽

Dental Maturation ◽

Children With Down Syndrome ◽

The Family

Genetics is a key discipline in medicine, but also a clinical discipline with medical and social implications. The interest in reducing the number of genetic disorders and recognizing the risk of them repeating when a family confronts itself with a genetic anomaly becomes more and more important in the hierarchy of prophylactic emergencies. Presenting themselves as metabolic diseases (monogenic mutations) or malformations (polygenic and multifactorial heredity) because of their frequency, these disorders position themselves on an ascendant curve. They become difficult to deal with for the society, for the family and for the interested individual and cause emotional disorders. The Down syndrome is the most frequent type of genetic disorder. It is characterized by a specific set of signs and symptoms. People with Down syndrome require special medical care that, apart from the family, must include a team of doctors of various specializations and also a dentist. They are predisposed to hearing and sight disorders and thyroid problems as well. In 50% of the cases there are also anomalies of the heart, and the risk of leukaemia is 20 times higher. Some of them even develop an Alzheimer type dementia during their life. The people with Down syndrome can have an average IQ up to a moderate form of handicap. In particular, the studies on Down syndrome in dentistry are quite frequent, but they focus more on cavities, periodontal disease and hypodontia. In spite of this, the connection of Down syndrome and dental eruption is less studied. Consequently, the present study is intended to fill this missing part from the specialized literature, focusing on the relation between the Down syndrome and the chronological and dental ages in children. The health of the oral cavity is neglected in these patients, their parents focusing more on the treatment of the other systemic disorders of their children; the lack of interest is reflected in their poor oral hygiene.The trial group included 94 children with mixt dentition, aged between 6 and 12, divided as follows: 36 children with Down syndrome enrolled at the Educational Centre for Inclusive Education no. 1 of Tg. Mures and Alpha Transilvana Foundation. The chronology and the eruption sequences are subjected to certain variations and they are influenced by the presence of cavities, the premature loss or, on the contrary, the prolonged retention of deciduous teeth as well as dental anchylosis. Dental maturation is less subjected to variations, as it is a progressive, continuous and cumulative process. The presence of Down syndrome in children generates a delay in teeth eruption by 1.27 years compared to the data identified in the specialized literature and to the information obtained on the healthy children included in the study.

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Physical Growth and Echocardiographic Findings in Children with Down Syndrome

Paediatrica Indonesiana ◽

10.14238/pi38.3-4.1998.54-61 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 38 (3-4) ◽

pp. 54

Author(s):

Sudigdo Sastroasmoro ◽

Mathilda Y. Lnkiriwang ◽

Bambang Madiyono ◽

Lsmet N Oesman

Keyword(s):

Down Syndrome ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Posterior Wall ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Physical Growth ◽

Normal Children ◽

Children With Down Syndrome ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Nutritional Status Of Children ◽

Echocardiographic Findings

We compared the physical growth, nutritional status, and echocardiographic findings in children aged 3-7 years with Down syndrome who had no congenital heart disease. Thirty such patients who consecutively referred to the Division of Cardiology, Department of Child Health, Medical School, University of Indonesia/Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, were compared with sex and age matched controls consisted of normal children attending the Department. It appears that growth and nutritional status of children with Down syndrome tended to be retarded when compared to those of the controls. However, no significant difference were found on the M-mode echocardiographic values of the left ventricle, except that the left ventricular posterior wall thickness in study subjects was more that that of the controls. We concluded that although the pulmonary architecture of patients with Down syndrome is thought to be less developed than that of normal children, it does not affect the left ventricular measurements and function as measured by M-mode echocardiography.

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Intellectual potential of pupils with Down syndrome and diagnosed intellectual disability in the opinion of their parents

Kultura-Społeczeństwo-Edukacja ◽

10.14746/kse.2020.18.14.2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Krystyna Popowska

Keyword(s):

Down Syndrome ◽

Intellectual Disability ◽

Speech Communication ◽

Special Schools ◽

Children With Down Syndrome ◽

Governmental Organizations ◽

Non Governmental Organizations ◽

The Social ◽

Intellectual Potential ◽

E Mail

Research was conducted to find out about the parents’ opinions on the intellectual potential of their children with Down syndrome and diagnosed intellectual disability studying in 4–8 grades of common, integration and special schools. Additionally, the factors determining the respondents’ opinions were analyzed. The paper uses the author’s questionnaire was placed on groups for parents of children with Down syndrome on the social network site Facebook. In addition, surveys were sent by e-mail to the primary school districts and non-governmental organizations that help children with Down syndrome. Fifty two questionnaires were collected. The results indicate that, despite intellectual disability, parents recognize the intellectual potential of their children. It can be assumed that assessments of the intellectual potential of students with Down syndrome and diagnosed intellectual disability are determined by their siblings in the intellectual norm, gender, using verbal speech, communication skills, social skills and opinions of their parents about their successes in school and progress as a result of the therapy.

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Blood pressure levels and body mass index in Brazilian adults with Down syndrome

Sao Paulo Medical Journal ◽

10.1590/1516-3180.2016.0057180316 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 134 (4) ◽

pp. 330-334 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Felipe Pucci ◽

Guilherme Machado ◽

Edcarlo Solera ◽

Fernanda Cenovicz ◽

Christian Arruda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Down Syndrome ◽

Body Mass ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Class Iii ◽

Special Schools ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Obesity Class ◽

Age Range

ABSTRACT CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Increased life expectancy among people with Down syndrome (DS) has introduced new environmental factors that may affect blood pressure (BP) and/or lead to obesity in this population. The aim here was to investigate BP levels and body mass index (BMI) in adults with DS, correlating these data with the patients' sex and age. DESIGN AND SETTING: Analytical cross-sectional observational study conducted in special schools in Curitiba (PR), Brazil. METHODS: 97 adult patients were included. BP was measured in accordance with the established guidelines. BMI was calculated by dividing the weight by the height squared (kg/m2). RESULTS: Sex had no influence on BMI; nor did systolic BP (SBP) or diastolic BP (DBP). The age range was from 18 to 56 years. No correlation was observed between increasing age and greater BMI or BP. Eighty-six individuals (88.7%) presented normal BP, eleven (11.3%) prehypertension and none hypertension. Twenty patients (20.4%) presented BP lower than 90 × 60 mmHg. BMI ranged from 18 to 48 kg/m2 (mean of 28.8 ± 3.92 kg/m2): 21.9% had normal weight; 40.7% were overweight; and 25.3% had obesity class I, 9.9% class II and 2.2% class III. Higher BMI was associated with significantly greater SBP and DBP (P = 0.0175 and P = 0.0015). CONCLUSION: Sex and age did not influence SBP, DBP or BMI in Brazilian adults with DS. Higher BMI was associated with greater BP (both systolic and diastolic).

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Ophthalmologic Manifestations and Retinal Findings in Children with Down Syndrome

Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1155/2020/9726261 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Adem Ugurlu ◽

Emre Altinkurt

Keyword(s):

Down Syndrome ◽

Control Group ◽

Healthy Children ◽

Fiber Layer ◽

Children With Down Syndrome ◽

Department Of Ophthalmology ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Snellen Chart ◽

Ophthalmologic Examination ◽

Age Range

Purpose. To evaluate ocular findings in children with Down syndrome and to compare with the healthy children group. Methods. The study patients were divided into two groups as the diagnosed Down syndrome group and the control group. The study was designed as a prospective and single-center study in Istanbul University Faculty of Medicine Department of Ophthalmology. The study included 93 patients in the age range from 7 to 18 years, who applied to the ophthalmology department of our clinic in the period from July 2017 to June 2018. The study included the patients allocated into the control group and the Down syndrome patients allocated into the patient group, containing 49 and 44 participants, respectively. All patients underwent complete ophthalmologic examination with biomicroscopy. Autorefractometer measurements were performed in all patients, and the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was determined with the use of the Snellen chart. All patients underwent spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) measurements for central foveal retinal (CRT), subfoveal choroidal (CCT), and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) thicknesses. Results. The average CRT was 241.2 ± 25.7 microns in Down syndrome group and 219.4 ± 21.1 microns in the control group. There was a statistically significant difference between the groups in regards to CRT (p<0.001). The average pRNFL values were 123.1 ± 15.4 microns in the Down syndrome group and 102.2 ± 8.7 microns in the control group (p<0.001). Conclusions. In the subjects with Down syndrome, the incidence of lens opacities, strabismus, and amblyopia was higher than the control group. CRT and pRNFL were thicker in the Down syndrome group than in control group. This may represent retinal developmental changes in the patients with Down syndrome.

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MELATIH KEMANDIRIAN ANAK DOWN SYNDROME DENGAN MOTOTRAIN

Journal of Health Sciences ◽

10.33086/jhs.v13i2.1536 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Machmudah Machmudah ◽

Mochammad Shodiq

Keyword(s):

Down Syndrome ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Toilet Training ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Maternal Knowledge ◽

Normal Children ◽

Children With Down Syndrome ◽

Mothers And Children

Practicing toilet training from parents to children is quite challenging especially if the child has special needs. For children with Down syndrome, the habit of toilet training takes longer than normal children who can be completed before school age. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Mototrain on maternal knowledge and independence of toilet training in children with Down syndrome. Mototrain is an acronym for Module of Toilet Training. The population and sample in this study were parents and students with Down syndrome who had not yet completed their toilet training independence, namely 31 students spread across Grade 1, Grade 2, Grade 3, Grade 4 and Grade 5 in SD C Alpha Kumara. The research design was "Quasi experimental pre-post test with control group", with a purposive sampling technique of 16 mothers and children in the intervention group and 15 mothers and children in the control group. The results showed an increase in maternal knowledge about toilet training and the independence of toilet training in children who used enough after being given psychoeducation and habituation in accordance with MOTOTRAIN (p-value <0.05).

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Parenting Styles, Coping Strategies and Life Satisfaction of Parents Having Children with Down Syndrome

Peshawar Journal of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences (PJPBS) ◽

10.32879/pjpbs.2017.3.1.35-43 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 35-43

Author(s):

Tooba Zia ◽

Fozia Akram

Keyword(s):

Life Satisfaction ◽

Down Syndrome ◽

Coping Strategies ◽

Parenting Styles ◽

Coping Styles ◽

Clinical Psychologist ◽

Satisfaction Scale ◽

Children With Down Syndrome ◽

Approach Coping ◽

Age Range

The present study explores the relationship among Parenting styles, Coping Strategies and Life Satisfaction of parents having children with Down syndrome. Purposive sampling and comparative study were used to select the sample. A sample consisted of (N=100) parents mothers and fathers of Down syndrome children were taken from different government and private institutes of Faisalabad. The sample was further divided into (n=50) mothers and (n=50) fathers of Down syndrome children. The age range of participants was taken 30-55 years above. Parenting Styles Dimension Questionnaire (PSDQ) translated Urdu version by (Batool, 2013). Coping Response Inventory (CRI) translated Urdu version by (Mahmood & Sheraz, 2012) and Life satisfaction scale (LSS) Urdu version translated by (Mahmood, 2013) were used for data collection. Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient and Independent Sample T-Test were calculated for statistical analysis. Findings indicates that male parents of Down syndrome children scored high on Authoritative and permissive parenting styles and it’s also showed that male parents of Down syndrome children have scored high on the scale of approach coping styles .Through that study it indicates that male parents use more approach coping styles than female parents. And male parents are equally satisfied with their lives. This study aims to use effective coping strategies and parenting styles to improve the quality of life of parents of those who are having children with disability. It also aims to increase the role of the clinical psychologist in the treatment of those children who are suffering from disability or psychological illness and also psych educate parents those are directly or indirectly taking pain of their children.

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