Perceived Parenting Styles among Drug Addict and Non-Addict Medical Students

Current study was planned to find out the difference between the perceived parenting styles of drug addict and non-addict medical students. Total sample of the study was two hundred (N=200) medical students that comprised of one hundred addict (n=100) and one hundred (n=100) non-addict medical students with age range of 18 to 29 years. Data was collected from different medical colleges in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa through convenient and snow ball techniques. Data was collected through adolescent’s alcohol and drug usage scale (Moberg, 1991)and parenting styles questionnaire (Buri, 1991) . The results of the study indicated that authoritative parenting style was significantly reported by non-addict medical students, whereas addict medical students reported higher scores on authoritarian parenting style. It can be therefore concluded from the findings of the study that parenting styles play a significant role in the mental wellbeing and promotion of healthy habits among youth. The study supports the idea that controlling parenting style may contribute to promote mental health problems among youth such as drug addiction.

Role of Integrity in Relation with Negative Emotions and Behavioral Problems among University Students

This study was aimed at understanding the role of integrity in relationship of negative emotions with behaviour problems i.e. aggression, bullying, and shyness among university students. The sample consisted of two hundred and seventy (N= 270) university students, that comprised of one hundred and thirty-three (n=133) male and one hundred and thirty seven (n=137) female students of university. The convenient sampling technique was used for data collection. Study measures included, Urdu versions of integrity scale (Schlenker, 2008),aggression scale (Orpinas & Frankowski, 2001), and shyness scale (Cheek & Melichor, 1985) translated by Umar (2016), and Illinois bullying scale(Espelage & Holt, 2001)translated by Shujja and Atta (2013), and negative emotions subscale of Berkeley expressivity questionnaire (Gross & John, 1997) were used to measure the pertinent constructs. Pearson correlation showed the positive relationship between negative emotions and shyness behaviour problem. Hierarchical regression demonstrated that integrity did not moderate the relationship between negative emotions and behaviour problems including aggression, bullying, and shyness. Limitations, suggestions, and practical implications were also thoroughly discussed.

Nomophobia an Emerging Fear: An Experimental Exploration among University Students

Modern communication technologies have become a very essential part of our lives, especially smartphones (Salehan & Negahban, 2013). Present study explored the effects of fear of separation from the smartphone on university students. The sample comprised of three hundred students of Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan with age range of 18-30 years. The purpose of this present study was to explore the existence of nomophobia among smartphone users. Furthermore, it was aimed to investigate effect of smartphone separation causes anxiety. An experimental research design was used and participants were randomly assigned to two conditions. Two measures were used in the study they included, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) developed by Spielberger, (1983) and nomophobia questionnaire (NMP-Q) developed by Yildirim ( 2015). Results revealed that 68% of the students experienced moderate level of nomophobia and the level of anxiety gradually increased with increase in duration of separation from phone. One- way analysis of variance found significant difference on different levels of anxiety in experimental group I and experimental group II. No significant gender differences were found for state anxiety and nomophobia. It is concluded from the findings of the study that excessive use and dependence on smartphones does cause anxiety and feeling of restlessness in the absence of smartphone.

Conscientiousness, Extraversion and Project Success: Does Emotional Intelligence Matter

The purpose of this academic research was to investigate the connectedness between conscientiousness, extraversion and project success underpins trait theory. In doing so, additional investigation was made whether Emotional Intelligence (EI) strengthens or weakens the relationship of conscientiousness, extraversion as antecedents of a project success. A deductive approach was applied to validate a theoretically derived research model coupled with moderation impact as novelty. In this study convenient sampling technique was used; a self-administrated survey conducted and collected 279 useable responses for quantitative analysis. To test the hypothesized relationships PROCESS Macro v3.0 by Andrew F. Hayes Model 1 devised as a regression analysis methodology. The statistical results indicate conscientiousness, extraversion and emotional intelligence (EI) significantly predicting Project Success in direct relationships. Moderation Interaction terms for emotional intelligence (EI) with extraversion and conscientiousness both predicting project success significantly as conditional effect. This research provides implications and future direction for researchers and practitioners to explore new avenues by changing methodology, increasing sample size and studying diverse industries as well as other aspects of demographics like; whether project leadership role is moderating these relationship or project team diluting effect.

The Role of Emotional Intelligence in Organizational Justice Development and LMX in Pakistan International Airline

The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between emotional intelligence (EI) and leader-member exchange (LMX) and organizational justice (OJ) in a public sector organization. PIA was the case study of the following research and therefore data was collected from certain selected employees in PIA, while the findings of this study was generalized over the entire employee base of PIA and also over the other public sector organizations of the country. The design of the research is quantitative and the data collection method is primary. A pre-structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 391 employees of PIA. The sample size was identified based on Slovin’s formula for sample size calculation. Several statistical techniques such as reliability, correlation, and partial least square method analysis were applied to identify the relationship between the variables. The researcher has also conducted a detailed discussion over the findings of this study, while comparing it with the evaluations carried out by past studies regarding the subject matter under consideration. The findings of the study indicate that a positive relationship exists between EI and LMX as well as between EI and OJ.

Fear of Negative Evaluation and Social Anxiety in Young Adults

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the brief fear of negative evaluation and social anxiety in young adults. Sample of 230 young adults (110=males, 120=females)was taken from different departments of Bahaudin Zakriya University Multan. The study aimed to check the correlation between fear of negative evaluation and social anxiety and differences in fear of negative evaluation and social anxiety among males and females as well as among undergraduate and post graduate students. Brief fear of negative evaluation scale (Leary, M. R., 1983) and Liebowitz social anxiety scale (Michael R. Liebowitz, 1987) was used. Findings revealed positive correlation between social anxiety and Brief fear of negative evaluation. The study concluded that fear of negative evaluation produce social anxiety in young adults (university students). Independent t test confirmed the significant difference among male, females as well as among undergraduate and post graduate on these two variables. Female students showed more fear of negative evaluation and social anxiety than male students; similarly, undergraduate students showed more social anxiety.

Impact of Educational Qualification on Social Support, Social Isolation and Social and Emotional Loneliness: A Study of Senior Citizens

The present study aims to investigate the impact of educational qualification on social support, social isolation, and loneliness (social and emotional) among Senior Citizens. De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale (1985),Social Support Scale developed by Malik (2002), and Friendship Scale developed by Hawthorne (2006) were used to measure the pertinent constructs of present study. Purposive convenient sampling technique was used to draw the sample of older adults (N = 500) aged 60 to 90 years (M = 67.59, SD = 7.54) from both urban and rural areas of various districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. Alpha coefficients, for all the variables were computed, which ranged between .60 for social loneliness to .96 for social support total scale. Study found significant differences among the variables. Findings revealed that educational qualification of the sample had a positive impact on their social support and they were less socially isolated as compared to uneducated senior citizens.

Emotional Climate, Work Stress and Occupational Cognitive Failure in Doctors

The current study was conducted to explore emotional climate, work stress and occupational cognitive failure among doctors. The sample of 150 doctors was selected from two cities i.e. Jhang and Faisalabad. Emotional climate was measured by Emotional climate scale by Yurtsever& De Rivera (2010), for work stress, Work Place Stress Scale by American institute of stress and adapted by Fatima Chohan (2013) was used. Occupational Cognitive Failure was measured by occupational cognitive failure questionnaire by Allahyari, Rangi, Khosravi and Zayeri (2011). The data was analyzed by administering t-test, correlation and regression analysis. Results revealed that Emotional climate, work stress and cognitive failure are significantly positively correlated. No significant difference between male and female, rural and urban, government and private doctors on the level of emotional climate, work stress and occupational cognitive failure was found. Significant difference between nuclear and joint family doctors on the level of work stress was found. Doctors from nuclear family system showed higher level of work stress as compared to Joint family doctors. Emotional climate, work stress and demographic variables are predictors which collectively and significantly contributed to occupational cognitive failure.

The Significance of Interactional Justice on Human Dignity that Shapes Mass Exodus of Employees in an Organization: A Case Study of SMEs in Private Sector of Pakistan

The study aims to investigate the relationship between perceived interactional justice and mass exodus of employees or employee’s turnover intentions in the employees of private sector SMEs of Pakistan, while considering the mediating impact role of human dignity/self-interest of employees. Deductive research approach with quantitative methodology is used for conducting this study and responses from 50 employees working in 10 different SMEs located in twin-cities Rawalpindi and Islamabad were obtained through pre-structured questionnaires. Multiple regression and inter-variable correlation analysis were applied for evaluating the relationship between the given variables of the study. SPSS data analysis tool is used for the statistical evaluation of responses obtained from the participants of the study, which are then interpreted and explained under each relevant section. The findings of this study fully supported the conceptual framework by accepting all the three hypothesis of the study. Finally, the researcher has identified certain limitations related to the given evaluation and also provided explanations regarding the possible future implications of the given study, so that the future researcher can use this study as an effective pool of knowledge before starting their respective studies.

Relationship between Social Media Marketing and Consumer Buying Behavior

The social media has become an integral part of our lives with the introduction of 3G, 4G technology in Pakistan it has become possible for people to stay connected from anywhere any time. The purpose of this study is to find out that if any relationship between social media marketing and consumer buying behavior exist if their existence affected each other in any significant way. For this purpose an online survey was conducted and 100 people responded who were active users of social media in the region of Peshawar an unstructured/ structured questionnaire was designed to collect information from the respondents. The research findings and results confirms that there is a positive relationship between social media marketing and consumer buying behavior as well as that social media can be used as an effective marketing tool in region of Peshawar.