scholarly journals Threats to the archaeological heritage in the Sultanate of Oman

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 243
Author(s):  
Nasser Said Al-Jahwari
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
Sultanate Of Oman ◽  
Archaeological Heritage ◽  
The Public ◽  
Natural Factors ◽  
The Impact

This paper presents the threats to the archaeological heritage in the Sultanate of Oman which play a major role in the destruction of this heritage and its different values. It aims at drawing the attention of both the public and governmental bodies to these threats in order to reduce or minimize their impacts. To achieve this goal, the paper presents the most important of these threats and provides examples of cases that have been directly or indirectly subject to the impact of such factors in different regions of Oman. This was based on the data available from some archaeological sites that have been damaged or have been subject to surveys or rescue excavations. The paper shows that there are many human and natural factors that have impact on this heritage. Human factors are the largest and most serious of these threats in which urbanization and human development projects are in the forefront. This may lead to the loss of many values of the archaeological heritage, particularly the identity. Ultimately, the paper provides some recommendations that could contribute to enhancing the awareness of the importance of preserving the Sultanate›s archaeological heritage. 

scholarly journals An Analysis of Ibn-Khaldun’s Theory in light of Covid-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
Mohammed Musallem Binham Alameri ◽  
◽  
Khawlah M. AL- Tkhayneh
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Ibn Khaldun ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Natural Factors ◽  
Current Events ◽  
Future Events ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
The Impact

This argumentative paper presents a new perspective on Ibn-khaldun’s theory of social change in light of Covid-19. It argues that when examining the theory, it can be found that it makes an association between social change and natural factors, such as epidemics and human factors, such as government changes. The target theory which is explored in this study is the cyclical theory of Ibn-khaldun. This study adopts the former theory in order to analyze the effects of Covid-19 on the Arab-Islamic society, and how this theory was able to predict many of the current events and possible future events using social and historical approaches. The paper consists of four parts as follows: First, an overview of Ibn-khaldun’s theory of social change and its philosophy is provided. Second, the role of human factors in social change according to Ibn-khaldun is explored. Third, natural factors affecting social change according to Ibn-khaldun are discussed. Finally, the impact of Covid-19 on our way of life in relation to Ibn-khaldun’s theory of social change is examined.

scholarly journals Take Care of Me! Protection, conservation and presentation of archaeological sites to the public in the Autonomous Province of Trento, northern Italy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franco Nicolis
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
World War ◽  
Italian Alps ◽  
Education Department ◽  
Archaeological Heritage ◽  
The Public ◽  
Recent Project ◽  
Autonomous Province

The Archaeological Heritage Office of the Autonomous Province of Trento carries out institutional activities for the research, protection, conservation and promotion of archaeological heritage in the Trentino region. Its range of activities includes a conservation laboratory, an archaeological library, an education department, two museums and several archaeological sites, which are briefly outlined in this article. A recent project to research, preserve and present to the public a unique World War I site located high in the Italian Alps, the Punta Linke Project, is described here. The Archaeological Heritage Office is also strongly committed to developing initiatives and activities that promote public engagement with the provincial archaeological heritage. One recent project aimed at people in the community with special needs is described here. This is the T-essere memori or Weaving Memories Project, which has been carried out in several nursing homes in the Trentino region with groups of Alzheimer's patients, their families and caregivers.

scholarly journals Urban planning and archeological conscience: The impact of soil sealing on archaeological sites

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pilar García Rodríguez ◽  
Beatriz Álvarez García
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Digital Processing ◽  
European Convention ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Archaeological Heritage ◽  
Aerial Photos ◽  
Soil Sealing ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
The Impact

Soil sealing (permanent covering of an area by impermeable artificial material) is one of the most serious problems affecting ecosystems in Western Europe. Numerous studies have analysed this issue from an ecological approach, but very few take into account its impact on one of soil’s essential functions, namely the preservation of archaeological sites. Spanish laws on historic heritage (1985) and environmental impact (2013) have tackled the matter by legislating measures for the preservation of heritage. Furthermore, in 1992 Spain signed the Valletta Treaty (the European Convention on the Protection of the Archaeological Heritage) of the Council of Europe, and further ratified it in 2011. Historians, archaeologists and soil scientists should respond to this threat using a multidisciplinary approach. The present study analyses the impact that soil sealing has had on the Roman city of Complutum, located on the Henares River plain (Madrid, España) on highly fertile Fluvisols and Calcisols. One of the aims of this study is to show that the combined use of aerial photos and satellite images provides a continuously updated file of urban development processes and therefore makes it possible to foresee the impact on archaeological sites. At present, medium and high spatial resolution images (Spot and Landsat satellites) can be obtained free of charge and digital processing makes it possible to map any variations in these sites. Another aim of the study is to analyse the importance of soil type and quality in establishing settlements in corridors which have served as important communication routes. There is a greater likelihood of urban planning and development processes in the immediate surroundings of these routes over the years, implying that it is highly probable that pre-existing sites will be destroyed.</p><div> </div>

scholarly journals People and Ideas in Medical Informatics - A Half Century Review

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (01) ◽  
pp. 175-182
Author(s):  
J. H. van Bemmel
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
Medical Informatics ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Medical Decision ◽  
The Public ◽  
Medical Decision Support ◽  
Care Processes ◽  
Medical Decision Support Systems ◽  
The Impact

SummaryReviewing the onset and the rapid changes to make realistic predictions on the future of medical informatics.Pointing to the contributions of the early pioneers, who had their roots in other disciplines and by illustrating that from the onset an interdisciplinary approach was characteristic for our field.Some of the reasons for the changes in medical informatics are that nobody was able to predict the advent of the personal computer in the 1970s, the world-wide web in 1991, and the public start of the Internet in 1992, but foremost that nobody expected that it was not primarily the hardware or the software, but human factors that would be crucial for successful applications of computers in health care. In the past sometimes unrealistic expectations were held, such as on the impact of medical decision-support systems, or on the overly optimistic contributions of electronic health records. Although the technology is widely available, some applications appear to be far more complex than expected. Health care processes can seldom be fully standardized. Humans enter at least in two very different roles in the loop of information processing: as subjects conducting care - the clinicians - and as subjects that are the objects of care - the patients.Medical informatics lacks a specific methodology; methods are borrowed from adjacent disciplines such as physics, mathematics and, of course, computer science. Human factors play a major role in applying computers in health care. Everyone pursuing a career in biomedical informatics needs to be very aware of this. It is to be expected that the quality of health care will increasingly be assessed by computer systems to fulfill the requirements of medical evidence.

scholarly journals The Use of 3D Photogrammetry in the Analysis, Visualization, and Dissemination of the Indigenous Archaeological Heritage of the Greater Antilles

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 435-453
Author(s):  
Esteban Rubén Grau González-Quevedo ◽  
Silvia Teresita Hernández Godoy ◽  
Racso Fernández Ortega ◽  
Ulises Miguel González Herrera ◽  
Jorge Garcell Domínguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
3D Modeling ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Greater Antilles ◽  
Archaeological Heritage ◽  
Naked Eye ◽  
3D Photogrammetry ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cave Art

Abstract The development of digital technologies and the use of advanced photogrammetry programs for modeling archaeological excavations and sites have opened new possibilities for spatial analysis in archaeology and the reconstruction of archaeological contexts. In addition, these tools allow us to visually preserve the features of archaeological sites for future use and facilitate the dissemination of archaeological heritage to local communities and the general public. This paper summarizes 3D photographic visualization of three cave art sites (Los Cayucos and Cueva No. 1 in Punta del Este, Cuba, and José María Cave in the Dominican Republic) and two burial spaces (Canímar Abajo and Playa del Mango, Cuba) using photogrammetry software. The application of these novel methods at the cave art sites allowed us to visualize faint pictographs that were invisible to the naked eye, to better define the shapes of petroglyphs and to reconstruct the position of lost/removed panels. At the burial sites, 3D modeling allowed us to register the archaeological context with greater precision. The use of 3D modeling will improve spatial analysis and data safeguarding in Cuban archaeology. Moreover, 3D movies are an effective way to disseminate knowledge and connect local communities with their cultural heritage, while reducing the impact of public visits to remote or endangered sites.

scholarly journals The influence of selected mining and natural factors on the sinkhole creation hazard based on the case study

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Strzałkowski
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Public Safety ◽  
Current Issue ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
The Public ◽  
Natural Factors ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe formation of sinkholes, especially in developed areas, constitutes a considerable hazard to the public safety. Due to the above, the subject of the paper is a significant and current issue. The paper includes a case study of sinkholes forming over shallow mine galleries. Calculations of the workings’ stability and the impact of the underground mining exploitation have been conducted. The probability of sinkhole formation has been determined as well. The time of sinkholes formation did not correspond with the time in which the mining exploitation affected the gallery workings and the moment in time for which the rock mass deformations caused by the exploitation were at the highest level. The performed exploitation caused occurrence of cracks in the rock mass over the working. This allowed the transportation of the loose overburden by rainwater to workings and as a result sinkholes were created—suffosion occurred. The Quaternary overburden built of sands and sandy loams was probably washed out by rainwater, which led to the formation of sinkholes. In all locations, where shallow voids exist at a depth up to 100 m and the overburden consists of loose rocks, one should consider the probability of sinkholes formation.

scholarly journals Factors influencing the transformation of Iraqi holy cities: the case of Al-Najaf

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 365-375
Author(s):  
Sabeeh Farhan ◽  
Venus Akef ◽  
Daniel Antón ◽  
Khalid Hashim ◽  
Salah Zubaidi
Keyword(s):  
Public Awareness ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
The Public ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Historic Centre ◽  
Urban Conditions ◽  
The Impact

The historic centre of the Iraqi city of Al-Najaf embraces a seasonal pilgrimage to its holy sites that forces unusual urban conditions. This paper examines the impact of development projects and studies on the heritage integrity of the public (religious). This paper, therefore, recommends raising public awareness to adopt design approaches to face the overflow of visitors and the loss of heritage identity

Evaluation of the impact of public investment programs on social and economic performance of territories

2019 ◽  
pp. 109-123
Author(s):  
I. E. Limonov ◽  
M. V. Nesena
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Modeling ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Public Investment ◽  
Difference In Differences ◽  
The Public ◽  
Export Activity ◽  
Regional Investment ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Development Institution

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of public investment programs on the socio-economic development of territories. As a case, the federal target programs for the development of regions and investment programs of the financial development institution — Vnesheconombank, designed to solve the problems of regional development are considered. The impact of the public interventions were evaluated by the “difference in differences” method using Bayesian modeling. The results of the evaluation suggest the positive impact of federal target programs on the total factor productivity of regions and on innovation; and that regional investment programs of Vnesheconombank are improving the export activity. All of the investments considered are likely to have contributed to the reduction of unemployment, but their implementation has been accompanied by an increase in social inequality.

#INCLUSION – THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA COMMUNICATION ON THE LEGITIMACY OF ARMED FORCES

2019 ◽  
pp. 43-60
Author(s):  
EVA MOEHLECKE DE BASEGGIO ◽  
OLIVIA SCHNEIDER ◽  
TIBOR SZVIRCSEV TRESCH
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Political Communication ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Media Communication ◽  
The Public ◽  
Political Legitimation ◽  
Social Media Communication ◽  
The Impact

The Swiss Armed Forces (SAF), as part of a democratic system, depends on legitimacy. Democracy, legitimacy and the public are closely connected. In the public sphere the SAF need to be visible; it is where they are controlled and legitimated by the citizens, as part of a deliberative discussion in which political decisions are communicatively negotiated. Considering this, the meaning of political communication, including the SAF’s communication, becomes obvious as it forms the most important basis for political legitimation processes. Social media provide a new way for the SAF to communicate and interact directly with the population. The SAF’s social media communication potentially brings it closer to the people and engages them in a dialogue. The SAF can become more transparent and social media communication may increase its reputation and legitimacy. To measure the effects of social media communication, a survey of the Swiss internet population was conducted. Based on this data, a structural equation model was defined, the effects of which substantiate the assumption that the SAF benefits from being on social media in terms of broadening its reach and increasing legitimacy values.

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